• KANAD
  • Contact us
  • E-Submission

J Korean Acad Nurs Adm : Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration

OPEN ACCESS
mobile search button mobile menu button
Search
Advanced Search
ABOUT
BROWSE ARTICLES
EDITORIAL POLICY
FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Articles

Page Path

Original Article

Perceived Hurts and Forgiveness in Clinical Nurses: The Status and Influencing Variables

Ki-Wol Sung1, Kae-Hwa Jo2
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2010;16(4):428-436.
Published online: December 31, 2010

1Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Catholic University of Daegu, Korea.

2Professor, College of Nursing, Catholic University of Daegu, Korea.

Correspondence: Sung, Kiwol. 3056-6 Daemyung 4-Dong, Nam-gu, Daegu 705-718, Korea. Tel: 82-53-650-4826, Fax: 82-53-621-4106, kwseng@cu.ac.kr
• Received: September 17, 2010   • Revised: October 21, 2010   • Accepted: November 16, 2010

Copyright © 2010 Korean Academy of Nursing Administration

  • 18 Views
  • 0 Download
  • 4 Crossref
prev next

Full Article

Download PDF Download PDF
  • Purpose
    The purposes of this study were to describe events resulting in perceived hurts in nursing, and to identify factors influencing forgiveness in clinical nurses.
  • Methods
    The study was a descriptive correlation design. From May to July, 2009, the researcher used interviews to collect data from 148 clinical nurses from five hospitals in D city.
  • Results
    Clinical nurses received perceived hurt from peer-nurses, care-givers, and doctors, and the reasons for the perceived hurts were blame, neglect, and valuation. Levels of forgiveness in clinical nurses were different according to who caused the perceived hurt, the degree of the perceived hurt, and endeavors to resolve the perceived hurts. Levels of forgiveness in clinical nurses were negatively correlated with age, degree of perceived hurt, and degree of anger expression, and positively correlated with degree of self-esteem. The strongest predictors of forgiveness in clinical nurses were degree of anger expression, age, and degree of hurt.
  • Conclusion
    The findings of the study suggest that nursing staff should be able to identify reasons for perceived hurt in clinical nurses and provide a forgiveness program for each nursing situation.
  • Key Words: Forgiveness; Anger Expression; Self-esteem; Nurse
  • 1. Chon KK, Han DW, Lee CH, Spielberger CD. Korean adaptation of the state-trait anger expression inventory (STAXI-K): The case of college students. Korean J Health Psychol. 1998;3(1):18-32.
  • 2. Deffenbache JL, Lynch RS, Oetting ER, Kemper CC. Anger reduction in early adolescent. J Couns Psychol. 1996;43(2):149-157.
  • 3. Enright RD, Fitzgibbons RP. Helping clients forgive: An empirical guide for resolving anger and restoring hope. 2000;Washington, DC, American Psychological Association.
  • 4. Enright RD, North J. Exploring forgiveness. 1998;Madison, WI, The University of Wisconsin Press.
  • 5. Enright RD. The Educational Study Group. Kurtines W, Gewirtz J. The moral development of forgiveness. In: Handbook of moral behavior and development (1). 1991;Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum.
  • 6. Erdfelder E, Faul F, Buchner A. GPOWER: A general power analysis program. Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput. 1996;28:1-11.
  • 7. Jang MH, Won JS. Association of anger and anger expression, social support, self-esteem, and depression in elderly. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2009;18(3):259-268.
  • 8. Jang SS, Kim HS, Hong SH. Effect verification of forgiveness program focused on peer relation for elementary school children. Korean J Sch Psychol. 2005;2(2):199-220.
  • 9. Jo KH, Sung KW, Kim YK. A phenomenological study in the experience of hurt and forgiveness if clinical nurses in Korea after loss of employment. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2008;38(4):561-572.
  • 10. Jun BJ. Self-esteem: A test of its measurability. Yonsei Nonchong. 1974;11(1):107-130.
  • 11. Kim HY, Kim HC, Lee YS. The effects of the forgiveness program on forgiveness degree, anger, anxiety, and depression of university students: Comparison between the weekly group and the intensive group. Korean J Couns Psychother. 2004;16(3):347-366.
  • 12. Kim KS, Lee MK, Jung TH, Chung YJ, Woo HR. Development of forgiveness program as a model for emotional intelligence education in elementary school. J Elementary Educ. 2007;20(3):297-323.
  • 13. Ko JW, Yom YH. The role of social support in the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction/organizational commitment among hospital nurses. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2003;33(2):265-274.
  • 14. Lee EH, Chang SJ, Kim HO, Roh JH, Park EJ, Won JU. Relationship between job stress and turnover of registered nurses in a university hospital. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2007;19(2):93-104.
  • 15. Lee SJ, Kang MK, Kwon SH, Song KH, Lee JH, Choi JR, Hyun ES, Park KS. A study on job stress between experienced versus new nurse. Chung-Ang J Nurs. 2002;6(1):89-99.
  • 16. Lee YJ, Kim KB. Experiences of nurse turnover. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2008;38(2):248-257.
  • 17. Lee YM. The lived experiences of the middle aged women's anger. 2002;Seoul, Korea University of Korea. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
  • 18. Mauger PA, Perry JE, Freedmam T, Grove DC, McBride AG, Mckinney KE. The measurement of forgiveness: preliminary research. J Psychol Christ. 1992;11:170-180.
  • 19. Miller TQ, Smith TW, Tuner CW, Guijarro ML, Hallet AJ. A meta-analytic review of research on hostility and physical health. Psychol Bull. 1996;119(2):322-348.
  • 20. Oh YH. A survey of hurt and forgiveness of Korean people. Korean J Educ Psychol. 2006;20(2):467-486.
  • 21. OH YH. Relations between parent-child conflicts and psychological maladjustment in adolescents: Mediating effects of forgiveness and self-esteem. Korean J Educ Psychol. 2007;21(3):645-663.
  • 22. Park HS, Bae YJ, Joung SY. A study on anger expression and burn out of psychiatric mental health nurses. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2003;12(3):235-244.
  • 23. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. 1965;Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press.
  • 24. Seybold KS, Hill PC, Neumann JK, Chi DS. Psychological and psychological correlates of forgiveness. J Psychol Christ. 2001;20:250-259.
  • 25. Spielberger CD, Krasner SS, Solomon EP. Janisse MP. The experience, expression and control of anger. In: Health Psychology: Individual differences and stress. 1988;New York, Springer Verlag.
  • 26. Worthington E. Forgiveness and reconciliation: Bridges to wholeness and hope. 2003;Downers Grove, II, InterVarsity Press.
  • 27. Yang YS. Mediating effects of empathy and forgiveness on the relationship between marital conflicts and psychological maladjustment. 2008;Seoul, Sookmyung Women's University. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Table 1
The difference of forgiveness according to general characteristics of subjects in nursing situation (n=148)
jkana-16-428-i001.jpg
Table 2
The difference of forgiveness according to perceived hurt-related status of subjects in nursing situation (n=148)
jkana-16-428-i002.jpg
Table 3
The level of degree of perceived hurt, anger expression, forgiveness, and self-esteem (n=148)
jkana-16-428-i003.jpg
Table 4
Correlations among age, degree of perceived hurt, anger expression, self-esteem, and forgiveness (n=148)
jkana-16-428-i004.jpg
Table 5
The variables influencing on forgiveness (n=148)
jkana-16-428-i005.jpg

Figure & Data

References

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • ICU nurses’ experiences of feeling hurt by medical personnel
      Jung-Hoon Lee, Yeoungsuk Song
      The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2021; 27(4): 347.     CrossRef
    • The Relationship among Anger-in, Forgiveness, and Quality of Life in Clinical Nurses
      Jeong Hwa Choi, Young Sook Tae, Je Eun Heo, Young Suk Kim
      Journal of East-West Nursing Research.2016; 22(1): 78.     CrossRef
    • Effects of Nursing Practice Environment, Compassion Fatigue and Compassion Satisfaction on Burnout in Clinical Nurses
      Mi Young Han, Min Sook Lee, Ju Young Bae, Young Suk Kim
      Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2015; 21(2): 193.     CrossRef
    • Converged Influencing Factors on Compassion Competence in Clinical Nurses
      Hyea-Kyung Lee
      Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2015; 6(5): 15.     CrossRef

    Download Citation

    Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

    Format:

    Include:

    Perceived Hurts and Forgiveness in Clinical Nurses: The Status and Influencing Variables
    J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2010;16(4):428-436.   Published online December 31, 2010
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2010.16.4.428
    Download Citation
    Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.
    Format:
    • RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
    • BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software
    Include:
    • Citation for the content below
    Perceived Hurts and Forgiveness in Clinical Nurses: The Status and Influencing Variables
    J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2010;16(4):428-436.   Published online December 31, 2010
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2010.16.4.428
    Close
    Perceived Hurts and Forgiveness in Clinical Nurses: The Status and Influencing Variables
    Perceived Hurts and Forgiveness in Clinical Nurses: The Status and Influencing Variables

    The difference of forgiveness according to general characteristics of subjects in nursing situation (n=148)

    The difference of forgiveness according to perceived hurt-related status of subjects in nursing situation (n=148)

    The level of degree of perceived hurt, anger expression, forgiveness, and self-esteem (n=148)

    Correlations among age, degree of perceived hurt, anger expression, self-esteem, and forgiveness (n=148)

    The variables influencing on forgiveness (n=148)
    Table 1 The difference of forgiveness according to general characteristics of subjects in nursing situation (n=148)

    Table 2 The difference of forgiveness according to perceived hurt-related status of subjects in nursing situation (n=148)

    Table 3 The level of degree of perceived hurt, anger expression, forgiveness, and self-esteem (n=148)

    Table 4 Correlations among age, degree of perceived hurt, anger expression, self-esteem, and forgiveness (n=148)

    Table 5 The variables influencing on forgiveness (n=148)

    Table 1

    Table 2

    Table 3

    Table 4

    Table 5

    J Korean Acad Nurs Adm : Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration

    ABOUT

    BROWSE ARTICLES 

    EDITORIAL POLICY

    FOR CONTRIBUTORS  

    © Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.
    TOP