PURPOSE This study was a descriptive study conducted to investigate the effects of intellectual capital on organizational performance of nurses in medium and small hospitals. METHODS Data were collected from 241 nurses working in medium and/or small hospitals located in G City from August 10 to September 17, 2011. The measurement tools were the Intellectual Capital scale and Organizational Performance scale. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression with SPSS WIN 18.0 PC. RESULTS Intellectual capital composed of human, customer, and structure capital had significant effects on organizational performance of nurses working in medium and small hospitals and explained 50.4% of the variance. CONCLUSION In order to promote organizational performance of nurses, nursing managers and administrators need to invest more resources into the intellectual capital of the system including human, customer, and structure capital.
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