Purpose This study aimed to examine the moderating effect of calling on the relationship between post-traumatic stress and turnover intention among nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. Methods Data were collected from 151 nurses caring for COVID-19 patients at three university hospitals located in D City. Participants completed selfreported online surveys on post-traumatic stress (IES-R-K), calling (CVQ-R), and turnover intention. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression were performed using SPSS 25.0. Results The mean scores of post-traumatic stress, calling, and turnover intention were 0.83±0.70, 1.51±0.71, and 2.89±1.10, respectively. Post-traumatic stress had positive correlations with calling (r=.20, p=.011) and turnover intention (r=.29, p=.001), whereas calling had a negative correlation with calling and turnover intention (r=-.17, p=.029). Calling had a moderating effect in the relationship between post-traumatic stress and turnover intention (β=-.16, p=.032). Conclusion Calling has a moderating effect on the relationship between post-traumatic stress and turnover intention. Therefore, developing and implementing a program is necessary to strengthen nurses' perceptions of calling to prevent nurses with post-traumatic stress from leaving their jobs.
Purpose This study aimed to understand the relationships between depression, post-traumatic stress, job demands, and social and organizational support among nurses working at general hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the factors influencing depression. Methods Data were collected from 240 nurses using a self-reported questionnaire between April 28 and May 7, 2023. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé’s test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results The mean scores for depression and post-traumatic stress were 15.49 and 17.90, respectively. Approximately 43% nurses experienced depression. Depression was positively related to job demands and post-traumatic stress and negatively related to social and organizational support. Multiple regression showed that post-traumatic stress (β=.33, p<.001), social support (β=-.30, p<.001), and job demands (β=.21, p<.001) explained 26.4% of the variance for nurses’ depression. Conclusion These findings indicate that efforts are needed to mitigate depression and post traumatic stress among nurses, even after the COVID-19 pandemic. Programs that can enhance social support and reduce post-traumatic stress and job demands are needed to prevent and decrease depression. In particular, hospitals and the government must prepare for national disasters, such as new infectious diseases, to reduce job demands.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that affect post-traumatic growth of general hospital nurses after they experience traumatic events. Methods A cross-sectional correlation study design was used. Participants were 232 nurses from general hospitals in South Korea. Data, including self-report questionnaires, were collected from July 11th to 31st, 2019, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression analysis in IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Results Post-traumatic stress (r=.24, p<.001), resilience (r=.36, p<.001), and social support (r=.37, p<.001) for general hospital nurses had a positive correlation with post-traumatic growth. The factors that affected post-traumatic growth were a) sleep disturbance, emotional paralysis and dissociation symptom subcategory of post-traumatic stress (β=.34, p<.001) and b) persistence subcategory of resilience (β=.33, p<.001) and c) evaluation support subcategory of social support (β=.29, p<.001). Conclusion Results indicate that it is necessary to develop and provide programs to nurses to improve post-traumatic stress management, strengthen their resilience and provide social support.
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