PURPOSE This study was done to investigate factors affecting perceived financial burden of medical expenditures. METHOD The participants were 2,024 inpatients who were enrolled in a survey on the benefit coverage rate of the National Health Insurance in 2006. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA-test, Mann-Whitney-test, Kruskal-Wallis-test, Chi-square test and logistic regression. RESULTS The crucial factors for perceived financial burden were age, job, equivalence scale, ratio of annual family income vs medical expenditure, and private health insurance. Perceived financial burden was higher for people who were older, who were unemployed, whose medical expenditures were high compared to annual family income, whose index of family equalization was low and for those who had no private health insurance. CONCLUSION The results of the study indicate a demand for system reform that will enable management of no-pay hospital bills in the National Health Insurance to decrease the medical expense of people in the low-income bracket.
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PURPOSE This study was done to identify the relationship of occupational stress, emotional labor, and general characteristics to somatization, and to identify factors affecting somatization in nurses. METHODS A quantitative, descriptive research design was used to study 227 nurses. Nurses completed a 52-item self-questionnaire that included 3 concepts assessing somatization, occupational stress, emotional labor. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. RESULTS Mean scales for somatization, occupational stress, and emotional labor were 22.96+/-7.87, 78.73+/-12.29, 29.63+/-3.97 respectively. The explained variance for somatization was 35.5%. Among the variables, frequency of emotional display (beta=.136, p=.042), one of the sub-domains of emotional labor, and role overload (beta=.178, p=.023), one of the sub-domains of occupational stress and working in the ICU, OR, or ER (beta=.296, p<.001) and education level of diploma graduation (beta=.143, p=.028) significantly predicted degree of somatization. CONCLUSION Findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of somatization and related factors for nurses in Korea.
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PURPOSE This study was done to identify the experience of health care services by foreign residents in Korea. METHOD Participants were 12 foreigners from China, North America, and Japan. Qualitative data were collected using three focus group interviews and analyzed with qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The participants' experience of health services was categorized as 21 sub-categories, 11 categories and three main categories. The main categories were 'Quality of health care', 'Health care personnel', and 'Health care system and infrastructure'. The main category of 'Quality of health care' included three categories, 'Health care personnel' included another four categories, and 'Health care system and infrastructure' included the remaining four categories. The participants reported positive experiences such as favorable feelings and satisfaction particularly, with the high quality of health care but also negative experiences such as apprehension, distrust, difficulties, and inconvenience in the health care service in Korea. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study can be helpful in the development of strategies to improve health care services for foreigners by providing fundamental information about the foreign residents' experience of health care services in Korea from their perspectives.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the current status of education for nursing management in Korea. METHODS A descriptive study was done using a questionnaire developed by the investigators. The data were collected by survey from 96 out of 129 nursing schools, between December 2010 and February 2011. RESULTS For 22.9% of nursing schools, there was no faculty for nursing management. The credits and subjects included in nursing management varied among the nursing schools. Lectures in subjects related to nursing management were given not only by nursing management faculty but also by faculty with other majors. There were more faculty and credits for nursing management courses in 4-year nursing schools than in 3-year schools. CONCLUSION To improve the quality of education in nursing management, there is a need to standardized courses and provide nursing faculty who have majored in nursing management.
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