Purpose
This study examined the effects of role conflict, work environment, and meaning of work on job embeddedness among physician assistants to provide foundational data for their retention and professional development. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted with 180 physician assistants from six tertiary hospitals in Seoul and Chungcheong Province. Data were collected from July to November 2022. Role conflict, work environment, meaning of work, and job embeddedness were measured using validated scales. Data were analyzed using SAS Enterprise Guide 7.1 with descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Job embeddedness correlated positively with meaning of work (r=.28, p<.001) and work environment (r=.22, p=.002) and weakly with role conflict (r=.14, p=.045). Multiple regression identified meaning of work (B=0.32, p<.001), role conflict (B=0.13, p=.005), work environment (B=0.14, p=.018), and work type (B=-3.95, p=.004) as significant predictors (Adj. R²=19.8%). Meaning of work had the greatest impact. Conclusion: Enhancing job embeddedness among physician assistants requires improving the work environment, clarifying professional roles, and strengthening professional recognition and organizational support.

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the impact of clinical nurses’ grit and nursing work environment on job enthusiasm and provide basic data for system improvement to maintain and secure nursing personnel. Methods: Data were collected online from July to August 2022 targeting 210 clinical nurses at three general hospitals located in Jeollabuk-do. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS 26.0 program. Results: Job enthusiasm exhibited statistically significant differences according to age (F=5.20, p=.006) and presence of children (F=0.95, p<.001). Furthermore, job enthusiasm showed statistically significant positive correlations with grit (r=.64, p<.001) and the nursing work environment (r=.49, p<.001). The following factors were found to affect job enthusiasm: having children (β=.26, p<.001), grit (β=.46, p<.001), nursing work environment (β=.33, p<.001), and age over 40 (β=.16, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that an internal motivation strengthening program that promotes grit should be developed and applied to increase work enthusiasm among clinical nurses. Additionally, hospital organizations should prepare various policies to improve the nursing work environment.

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to expand nurse's experience of harmful work environments.
METHODS
Data were collected through in-depth dividual interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi phenomenological analysis methodology.
RESULTS
Harmful work environments experienced by nurses were categorized as followed: ‘Neglect concerning infections’, ‘Being thrown into a violent working environment’, ‘The hard times of being alone’, ‘Struggling with the harmful work environments’.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study provide a deep understanding of the harmful work environments. It is necessary to create safe work environments and it is important to improve awareness in the system of organizations as well as individuals. Also, it is necessary to develop tools to measure work environment including risk factors.

Citations

• The influence of tertiary hospital nurses’ ageism, empathy, and work intensity on the performance of geriatric nursing: A cross-sectional study
  Jang mi Park, Jung Suk Park
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2025; 27(1): 74.     CrossRef
• Associations of anxiety and fatigue with hazardous occupational conditions of Korean nurses in early pregnancy: A cross‐sectional study
  Jung‐Hee Kim, Oksoo Kim, Mijung Cho, Hyunseon Jeong, Hyunju Dan
  International Journal of Nursing Practice.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Development and Evaluation of Nursing Work Environment Scale of Clinical Nurses
  Yeong Ju Ko, Gwi-Ryung Son Hong
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(5): 576.     CrossRef