Purpose This study was performed to identify levels of self-leadership, professional self-concept, emotional labor and professional quality of life, and investigate the relationship among these variables in hospital nurses.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. The data were collected from May 20 to June 30, 2019. Participants were 200 nurses working at 4 general hospitals in Korea. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program.
Results: There was a positive relationship between compassion satisfaction and self-leadership, professional self-concept and emotional labor, and a negative relationship between burnout and the other variables in this study. There were positive and negative relationships between secondary traumatic stress and the other variables in this study.
Compassion satisfaction, which is one sub-factors of professional quality of life, was influenced by professional self-concept and emotional labor, and these variables explained 55% of compassion satisfaction. Burnout was only influenced by professional self-concept which explained 47% of burnout. Secondary traumatic stress was influenced by emotional labor and gender which accounted for 5% of secondary traumatic stress.
Conclusion: These results show that professional self-concept is very important in promoting quality of life for nurses. So nurse managers should try to strengthen nurses’ professional self-concepts.
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PURPOSE This study is a descriptive survey to identify emotional labor and job stress recognized in the course of administrative work, and how these affect the professional quality of life of public health nurses according to the employment type. METHODS Data was collected through a survey of public health nurses conducted from Dec. 2018 to Jan. 2019 (N=232). RESULTS The emotional labor of public health nurses was 3.27 out of 5 and full-time public health nurses had the highest scores. The job stress score was moderate at 2.45 out of four. The job stress of full-time nurses was also the highest. Among the sub-divisions of professional quality of life, compassion satisfaction was 3.55 out of five, while secondary traumatic stress was moderate at 2.48 and exhaustion at 3.01. Factors affecting compassion satisfaction were shown to be employment types and exhaustion. Factors affecting secondary traumatic stress were exhaustion, job stress and emotional labor. Factors affecting exhaustion were secondary traumatic stress and compassion satisfaction. CONCLUSION The results of this study shows that full-time public health nurses in charge of nursing organizations at public health centers have extreme difficulty with excessive role responsibilities, resulting in high emotional labor intensity and high job stress.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of emotional labor and self-efficacy on psychosocial stress of nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional correlation study design was used. The participants were 186 nurses from two general hospitals in Jeju Island, South Korea. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data including data on emotional labor, self-efficacy, and psychosocial stress. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression. RESULTS Approximately 98% of the participants were categorized as having potential and high risk stress levels. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that employment status, surface-acting, and self-efficacy explained 37.0% of psychosocial stress and self-efficacy was the main factor influencing psychosocial stress. CONCLUSION Nursing administrators should understand that nurses suffer from high risk stress and emotional labor. To reduce the psychosocial stress of nurses, there is needed to improve stressful work conditions such as irregular employment, decrease surface-acting, and improve self-efficacy.
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PURPOSE This study was done to identify the mediating effect of emotional dissonance in the relationship between emotional labor and burnout among clinical nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was used. The participants were 257 nurses working at three general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Data were collected by convenience sampling using self-report questionnaires that consisted of general characteristics, and measures of emotional labor, emotional dissonance and burnout. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression. RESULTS The findings of the multiple regression were as follows. First, surface acting of emotional labor showed significant positive effects on emotional dissonance and burnout. Second, when surface acting and emotional dissonance were entered into the regression model at the same time, surface acting showed an insignificant effect on burnout, however, emotional dissonance showed a significant effect. Finally, emotional dissonance had a mediating effect only between surface acting of emotional labor and burnout, not between deep acting and burnout. CONCLUSION Results of the study suggest that as a way to reduce burnout, nursing administrators should develop educational programs for nurses to perform deep acting of emotional labor instead of surface acting at the moment of truth.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore emotional labor experienced by nurses in ambulatory care setting. METHOD The phenomenological method developed by Giorgi was used for this study. The participants were 9 nurses who had experienced emotional labor. Data were collected between May and August 2010 by face-to-face interviews. The interview was recorded and then transcribed. RESULTS The constituents associated with the meaning of the nurses' experiences of emotional labor in ambulatory care setting were as followings: bearing down of suffering emotions coming up from the bottom, feeling loneliness when having to undertake care alone by oneself, having conflict between nursing professional and services, managing mind by means of both internal and external resources, getting ridding oneself of conflict with forced emotions over time. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study should contribute to a deeper understanding of the meaning of emotional labor experienced by nurses in ambulatory care. The results also highlight the need to develop programs for nurses in ambulatory care setting to help them express their real action.
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PURPOSE This study was done to identify the relationship of occupational stress, emotional labor, and general characteristics to somatization, and to identify factors affecting somatization in nurses. METHODS A quantitative, descriptive research design was used to study 227 nurses. Nurses completed a 52-item self-questionnaire that included 3 concepts assessing somatization, occupational stress, emotional labor. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. RESULTS Mean scales for somatization, occupational stress, and emotional labor were 22.96+/-7.87, 78.73+/-12.29, 29.63+/-3.97 respectively. The explained variance for somatization was 35.5%. Among the variables, frequency of emotional display (beta=.136, p=.042), one of the sub-domains of emotional labor, and role overload (beta=.178, p=.023), one of the sub-domains of occupational stress and working in the ICU, OR, or ER (beta=.296, p<.001) and education level of diploma graduation (beta=.143, p=.028) significantly predicted degree of somatization. CONCLUSION Findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of somatization and related factors for nurses in Korea.
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