Purpose
To identify the mediating effect of the communication competence on the relationship between emotional intelligence and nursing managerial competence among experienced nurses.
Methods
A total of 186 nurses with more than 10 years of experience working in six general hospitals participated. Data were collected using a selfreported questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0 and SPSS Process Macro for descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and bootstrapping method.
Results
Nursing managerial competence was significantly associated with emotional intelligence (r=.32, p<.001) and communication competence (r=.42, p<.001). Additionally, communication competence had a complete mediating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and nursing managerial competence (indirect effect=0.45, boot SE=0.11, 95% boot CI=[0.25, 0.67]).
Conclusion
Strategies for enhancing the experienced nurses’ nursing managerial competence should be considered to improve communication competence as well as emotional intelligence and develop nursing managerial competency-related education programs by career stages. In particular, the nursing management competency-related education should focus on improving human resource management and planning competences.

Citations

• Factors influencing delirium nursing competency among nurses in integrated nursing care wards in South Korea: a cross-sectional study
  Jeeyoung Yeon, Gisoo Shin
  Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2025; 27(2): 256.     CrossRef
• Factors Impacting on Nurse Unit Managers’ Knowledge and Ability Importance of Managerial Competencies
  Jihae Lee, Miyoung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 428.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Depression Among Nurses in General Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Job Demands, Post-traumatic Stress, and Social and Organizational Support
  Si Hyun Baek, Jeong-Hee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 306.     CrossRef

Purpose
A descriptive survey-based study was undertaken to determine how emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between social support and resilience by clinical nurses, thereby providing primary data for improving resilience.
Methods
This study involved a descriptive survey of 202 nurses working in four general hospitals. Using SPSS/WIN 26.0, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and multiple regression analyses were conducted.
Results
Social support had a statistically significant positive correlation with emotional intelligence (β=.49, p<.001) and resilience (β=.47, p<.001). Emotional intelligence showed a statistically significant positive correlation with resilience (β=.66, p<.001). Emotional intelligence was found to have a partial mediation effect on the relationship between social support and resilience (z=5.76, p<.001).
Conclusion
The study also discovered that social support and emotional intelligence are factors influencing clinical nurses' resilience. Furthermore, it evident that emotional intelligence has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social support and resilience. Therefore, it is necessary to consider nurses’ emotional intelligence at the individual level to effectively improve resilience through social support.

Citations

• Effects of Job Stress, Social Support, and Infection Control Fatigue on Professional Quality of Life among Nurses in Designated COVID-19 Hospitals
  Minyoung Shin, Woojoung Joung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 603.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to construct and test a hypothetical model of turnover intention for clinical nurses based on affective events theory. Methods: Data were collected from 375 clinical nurses working in an advanced general hospital. The exogenous variable of the hypothetical model was emotional labor, and the endogenous variables were negative emotional events, emotional intelligence, positive affect, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0, and AMOS 22.0. Results: The final modified model demonstrated a good fit. This model explained 70.6% of the variance in the turnover intention of clinical nurses. The statistically significant explanatory factors for turnover intention were emotional labor, negative emotional events and organizational commitment. As for the significant pathway affecting nurses’ turnover intention, emotional labor showed a decreasing effect on turnover intention and was mediated by emotional intelligence, positive affect, and organizational commitment (B=-.33, p=.002). Emotional labor showed a decreasing effect on turnover intention through organizational commitment (B=-.40, p=.006). Conclusion: Various opportunities for education and multiple-approach institutional support must be provided to nurses to increase their vocation about the profession, emotional intelligence, positive affect, and organizational commitment.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of emotional intelligence, and professional self-concept on compassion competence in psychiatric nurses. Methods: Participants were 180 psychiatric nurses working on psychiatric wards in university hospitals and psychiatry specialized hospitals. Data analysis was performed using stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/Win 24.0. Results: Compassion competence significantly differed by age (F=3.31, p=.021), marital status (F=4.12,p=.017), educational background (F=5.46, p=.005), clinical career (F=6.26, p=.002), type of duty (t=-3.01, p=.003), salary (F=3.48, p=.033), current position (F=4.66, p=.011), qualification (t=-2.23, p=.023), compassion education experience (t=3.32, p=.001) and workplace (t=-2.46, p=.015). The compassion competence of psychiatric nurses was positively correlated with professional self-concept (r=.57, p<.001) and emotional intelligence (r=.63, p<.001). The significant predictors of compassion competence were self-emotion appraisal (β=.30, p<.001), professional practice (β=.21, p=.007), use of emotion (β=.19, p=.020), clinical career (β=.18, p=.003), workplace (β=.15, p=.010), communication (β=.12, p=.034) and compassion education experience (β=.11, p=.044). The explanatory power of these factors was 48% of the variance. Conclusion: In order to enhance the compassion competence of psychiatric nurses, it is important to improve emotional intelligence and strengthen professional self-concept. Political efforts of organizations supporting compassionate nursing practice are also necessary.

Citations

• The Mediating Effect of Professional Values on the Relationship Between Self-Leadership and Compassion Competence of Community Mental Health Nurses
  Hye Young Kim, Won Hee Jun
  Western Journal of Nursing Research.2024; 46(7): 501.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of organizational justice, organizational culture and emotional intelligence on intention to stay in reemployed nurses. Methods: Data were collected from 154 reemployed nurses working in the two university hospitals located in G Province. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression Analysis with SPSS/WIN 25.0. Results: Factors influencing intention to stay in the participants were period willing to stay (β=.36, p<.001), emotional intelligence (β=.35, p<.001), career break (β=.16, p=.015), organizational justice (β=.14, p=.046). The total explanatory power was 31%. Conclusion: In this study, organizational justice, emotional intelligence, career interruption, period willing to stay were found to be influential factors affecting intention to stay in reemployed nurses. A systematic intervention program for emotional intelligence is needed to increase the intention of retention in reemployed nurses. Further, human resource managers and specialists should consider organizational justice when designing the talent retention strategies.

Citations

• Influence of Nurses' Moral Distress and Ethical Nursing Competence on Retention Intention
  Ji-Hyun Choi, Mi-Jin Byun, Thi Ninh Do
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(1): 36.     CrossRef
• Effects of Professional Self-concept and Nursing Organizational Culture on Intention of Retention of Middle-aged Nurses
  Jinju Kim, Yeongmi Ha
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(2): 130.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Justice on Intention to Stay with Mediated Work Engagement
  Gregorius Deri Saputra, Giriati, Hasanudin, Ahmad Shalahuddin
  Ilomata International Journal of Management.2024; 6(2): 539.     CrossRef
• Exploring research trends in nursing organizational culture using topic modeling
  Eun-Jun Park, Chan Sook Park
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2024; 30(4): 371.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Clinical Nurses’ Perception of Structural and Content Career Plateau
  Ji Hye Kim, Ji Yun Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(4): 534.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Work Value, Psychological Ownership and Nursing Working Environment on Intention of Retention in Hospital Nurses
  Ji Hey Kim, Yoon Ju Cho, So Eun Jang
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 62.     CrossRef
• The impact of organizational justice on intention to stay: The mediating role of organizational commitment
  Shatha Mahfouz, Mutia Sobihah Abd Halim, Ayu Suriawaty Bahkia, Noryati Alias
  Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review.2022; 6(1): 139.     CrossRef
• Workplace spirituality and organizational justice in turnover intention of mental health professionals at small‐sized centres
  Eunmi Hwang, Yeojin Yi
  Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(1): 328.     CrossRef
• The Factors That Affect Turnover Intention According to Clinical Experience: A Focus on Organizational Justice and Nursing Core Competency
  Hanna Choi, Sujin Shin
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(6): 3515.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was performed to identify levels of self-leadership, professional self-concept, emotional labor and professional quality of life, and investigate the relationship among these variables in hospital nurses. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. The data were collected from May 20 to June 30, 2019. Participants were 200 nurses working at 4 general hospitals in Korea. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: There was a positive relationship between compassion satisfaction and self-leadership, professional self-concept and emotional labor, and a negative relationship between burnout and the other variables in this study. There were positive and negative relationships between secondary traumatic stress and the other variables in this study. Compassion satisfaction, which is one sub-factors of professional quality of life, was influenced by professional self-concept and emotional labor, and these variables explained 55% of compassion satisfaction. Burnout was only influenced by professional self-concept which explained 47% of burnout. Secondary traumatic stress was influenced by emotional labor and gender which accounted for 5% of secondary traumatic stress. Conclusion: These results show that professional self-concept is very important in promoting quality of life for nurses. So nurse managers should try to strengthen nurses’ professional self-concepts.

Citations

• The Influence of Violence Experience, Violence Response and Coping with Violence on Professional Quality of Life among Emergency Department Nurses
  Eunju Choi, Youngjin Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(2): 91.     CrossRef
• The Mediating Effect of Professional Values on the Relationship Between Self-Leadership and Compassion Competence of Community Mental Health Nurses
  Hye Young Kim, Won Hee Jun
  Western Journal of Nursing Research.2024; 46(7): 501.     CrossRef
• Factors Associated with Nurse Self-Leadership: A Cross-Sectional Study of Nurses Working at Public Health Centers and Primary Healthcare Posts
  Saeryun Kim, Younkyoung Kim
  Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 195.     CrossRef
• Nurse Managers' Perceived Self-leadership Levels
  Holly Ma
  JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration.2023; 53(12): 634.     CrossRef
• Effects of Job Stress, Social Support, and Infection Control Fatigue on Professional Quality of Life among Nurses in Designated COVID-19 Hospitals
  Minyoung Shin, Woojoung Joung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 603.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Emotional Labor, Positive Psychological, Capital, and Rewards on the Retention Intention among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Ward Nurses in Regional Public Hospitals
  Kyung Jin Jeon, Min Jeong Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(2): 181.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing professional quality of life of nurses in long-term care hospitals: A cross-sectional study
  Hyun-Ju Lee
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2022; 24(4): 377.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study is a descriptive survey to identify emotional labor and job stress recognized in the course of administrative work, and how these affect the professional quality of life of public health nurses according to the employment type.
METHODS
Data was collected through a survey of public health nurses conducted from Dec. 2018 to Jan. 2019 (N=232).
RESULTS
The emotional labor of public health nurses was 3.27 out of 5 and full-time public health nurses had the highest scores. The job stress score was moderate at 2.45 out of four. The job stress of full-time nurses was also the highest. Among the sub-divisions of professional quality of life, compassion satisfaction was 3.55 out of five, while secondary traumatic stress was moderate at 2.48 and exhaustion at 3.01. Factors affecting compassion satisfaction were shown to be employment types and exhaustion. Factors affecting secondary traumatic stress were exhaustion, job stress and emotional labor. Factors affecting exhaustion were secondary traumatic stress and compassion satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study shows that full-time public health nurses in charge of nursing organizations at public health centers have extreme difficulty with excessive role responsibilities, resulting in high emotional labor intensity and high job stress.

Citations

• Secondary traumatic stress among pediatric nurses: Relationship to peer-organizational support and emotional labor strategies
  Einat Yehene, Adi Asherman, Gil Goldzweig, Hadar Simana, Amichai Brezner
  Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2024; 74: 92.     CrossRef
• Exploring the Relationship between Surface Acting, Job Stress, and Emotional Exhaustion in Health Professionals: The Moderating Role of LMX
  Ibrahim Yikilmaz, Lutfi Surucu, Ahmet Maslakci, Alper Bahadir Dalmis, Emete Toros
  Behavioral Sciences.2024; 14(8): 637.     CrossRef
• How emotional labor harms employee’s performance: unleashing the missing links through anxiety, quality of work-life and Islamic work ethic
  Shazia Nauman, Sania Zahra Malik, Farida Saleem, Sabreen Ashraf Elahi
  The International Journal of Human Resource Management.2024; 35(12): 2131.     CrossRef
• Emotional labour and turnover intention among nurses in China: Mediating effects of nurse–patient relationship and self‐rated health
  Zhixin Liu, Huanyu Zhang, Junping Liu, Juan Zhao, Yajie Feng, Jie Liu, Siyi Tao, Wei Liu, Dandan Zou, Chen Wang, Nan Wang, Zhaoyue Liu, Xinru Liu, Lin Wu, Libo Liang, Weilan Xu, Qunhong Wu, Chaojie Liu
  International Nursing Review.2024; 71(4): 841.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Relational Bonds, Followership, and Occupational Stress on Nurses' Organizational Commitment
  Gipeum Choi, Hyojung Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(1): 56.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor and Burnout of Public Health Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mediating Effects of Perceived Health Status and Perceived Organizational Support
  Mi-Na Kim, Yang-Sook Yoo, Ok-Hee Cho, Kyung-Hye Hwang
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(1): 549.     CrossRef
• A cross-sectional study on public health nurses' disaster competencies and influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea
  Eunjoo Hong, Aeri Jung, Kyungmi Woo
  BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting the Quality of Work Life of Nurses at Tertiary General Hospitals in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Eunhee Hwang
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(8): 4718.     CrossRef
• Effect of Nurse's Character for Care and Sense of Coherence on Professional Quality of Life Among Oncology Nurses
  Gie-Ok Noh, Gyeonga Kang, In Gak Kwon, Sang Hee Kim, Yoon Jung Kim, Jeong Hye Kim, Eun Young Park, Jeong-Sook Park, Han Jong Park, Kwuy-Im Jung
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2021; 21(1): 52.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Self-efficacy and Health Promoting Behaviors on Professional Quality of Life in University Hospital Nurses
  Sun Hee Song, Soon Rim Suh, Jeong Mi Park
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2021; 46(2): 147.     CrossRef
• Effects of Self-leadership, Professional Self-concept, Emotional Labor on Professional Quality of Life in Hospital Nurses
  Yu-Yeong Kyun, Mi-Aie Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 447.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting the resilience of emotional intelligence, job stress coping, and organizational socialization of nurses working in long-term care hospitals.
METHODS
The participants were 153 nurses working in 8 long-term care hospitals in B city. Data were collected from February. 1 to Feb. 15, 2019 SPSS/WIN 23.0 was used for analysis with t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise regression.
RESULTS
Factors influencing resilience in the participants were emotional intelligence (β=.38, p < .001), coping behavior-focusing on the positive (β=.29, p < .001), nurse motivation (β=.16, p=.006), organizational socialization (β=.17, p=.009), coping behavior-tension reduction (β=.14, p=.023). These factors contributed 54% of the total variance in resilience.
CONCLUSION
It is necessary to study emotional intelligence and hospital nurses' coping with job stress while carrying out highly emotional activities on the job and to develop a program that can enhance the resilience of the nurses to improve psychological wellbeing and verify the effects.

Citations

• Mediation Analysis of Emotional Intelligence on the Relationship between Social Support and Resilience by Clinical Nurses in COVID-19
  Hye-Yeon Shin, Myoung-Lyun Heo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(3): 181.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to examine the relationship among metacognition, emotional intelligence, and self-leadership in nursing students, and to investigate factors influencing self-leadership.
METHODS
A descriptive survey design was used for this study. Participants were 216 nursing students in one university located in J-city, in South Korea. Data were collected from May 30 to June 8, 2018, and analyzed using independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 20.0.
RESULTS
Self-leadership had significantly positive correlations with metacognition (r=.61, p<.001) and emotional intelligence (r=.61, p<.001). Significant predictors of self-leadership were metacognitive control (β=.28, p<.001), regulator of emotions (β=.25, p<.001), self-emotional appraisal (β=.17, p=.006), metacognitive knowledge (β=.15, p=.021), and perceived leadership level (low) (β=−.10, p=.043). These factors explained 49.0% of the variance.
CONCLUSION
The findings show that self-leadership should be strengthened by increasing the metacognition and emotional intelligence of nursing students.

Citations

• The mediating role of positive psychological capital in the relationship between metacognition and self-directed learning ability: A cross-sectional study
  SuYeong Lee, Hye-Ja Park, Soyoung Yu
  Nurse Education Today.2024; 143: 106385.     CrossRef
• Factors associated with critical reflection competency among clinical nurse educators
  Sujin Shin, MiJi Lee, Eunmin Hong
  Teaching and Learning in Nursing.2024; 19(4): e630.     CrossRef
• Development and effects of a high-risk pregnancy emotive role-play program for nursing students: a quasi-experimental study
  Bo Gyeong Lee, Sun-Hee Kim
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2022; 28(4): 317.     CrossRef
• Concept Analysis of Leadership Activities in the Nursing Students
  Jeong-Soo KIM
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2021; 33(3): 667.     CrossRef
• Effects of Metacognition and Learning Flow on Problem Solving Ability of Nursing Students
  Mum Hee NAM, Hae Ok KIM
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2020; 32(6): 1655.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The present study was conducted to determine the influence of social support on the relationship between emotional labor and nursing performance of general hospital nurses.
METHODS
Data collection was conducted at three general hospitals in Jeollabuk-do from August 10 to 25, 2017. Collected questionnaires (188 nurses) were analyzed based on percentages, means, SD, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé, Pearson correlation analysis, and moderated regression analysis using SPSS Statistics 24.0 software.
RESULTS
Social support was found to moderate the influence of nurses' emotional labor on nursing performance. That is, high level of social support can reduce the negative effect of emotional labor on nursing performance.
CONCLUSION
Based on findings in the present study, it can be said that establishing positive organizational culture through harmonious social support at the work site is necessary to improve nursing performance. In addition, measures to effectively improve social support need to be explored and practiced at the work site. Efforts should be made to come up with strategies to properly cope with and overcome emotional labor. The results of this study suggest the scope for further research to identify additional variables that moderate or mediate the relationship between emotional labor and nursing performance.

Citations

• The Influence of Socio-Cognitive Mindfulness, Job Stress and Social Support on Turnover Intention in General Hospital Nurses
  Chun Ha Kim, Mikyoung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(2): 155.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Organizational Socialization in New Nurses: A Focus on Job Stress, Resilience, and Nursing Performance
  Kyungok Park, Yeoungsuk Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2025; 32(1): 118.     CrossRef
• Effects of Job Stress, Social Support, and Infection Control Fatigue on Professional Quality of Life among Nurses in Designated COVID-19 Hospitals
  Minyoung Shin, Woojoung Joung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 603.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Nurses’ Job Performance in Korea and Mongolia: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Zolzaya Bayarsaikhan, YunHee Shin
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(3): 404.     CrossRef
• Influence of Nursing Practice Readiness and Resilience on the Nursing Performance among New Nurses
  Hae Ok Kim, Mun Hee Nam, Yo Na Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(4): 352.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor Is Associated With the Mental Health of Respiratory Therapists in Hospitals
  Yu-Hua Yan, Chih-Ming Kung, Shu-Chen Hsing
  Respiratory Care.2021; 66(1): 50.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
• The influence of social support and health promotion behaviors on nursing work performance among nurses
  Eunbi Choi, Kyung Hee Yoo
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2021; 27(3): 333.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was done to identify and compare nursing performance including job stress, emotional labor and burnout between nurses who work in comprehensive nursing care service wards and general wards.
METHODS
Participants were 187 nurses working in a general hospital in Busan which provides comprehensive nursing care service (comprehensive nursing care service ward: 95, general ward: 92). Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ² test, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program.
RESULTS
There was no significant difference in the variables between comprehensive nursing care service ward nurses and general ward nurses. Factors influencing burnout were emotional labor in comprehensive nursing care service ward nurses while job stress and emotional labor were the factors influencing burnout in general ward nurses.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study indicate that comprehensive nursing care service can be a positive delivery system for nurses. Therefore, there is a need for strategies to integrate comprehensive nursing care service systematically.

Citations

• Emotional labor and coping strategies of gynecological nurses in recurrent pregnancy loss care: a qualitative phenomenological study
  Fang Yang, Dandan Liu, Guangrui Fan
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Influence of Job Delegation Preparedness, Individual and Organizational Communication Skills on Job Stress of Nurses in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Wards
  Soo Jin Lee, Ji Won Kim, Nam Hee Park
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2025; 39(1): 5.     CrossRef
• Comparison of Factors Affecting Delirium Nursing Stress between Nurses in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Wards and General Wards
  Sumin Gwon, Gaeun Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(5): 517.     CrossRef
• Effects of ageism on burnout among clinical nurses
  Sukjae Park, Hyunmin Lee, Minsook Seo, Hee Kyung Kim, Eunhee Shin, Antony Bayer
  PLOS ONE.2024; 19(11): e0313043.     CrossRef
• A phenomenological study of the experiences of nurses working in integrated nursing care wards in Korea
  Young-mi Cho, Sun-hui Kim
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Cardiovascular nurses and organizational well-being: a systematic review
  Francesco Zaghini, Jacopo Fiorini, Philip Moons, Alessandro Sili
  European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.2024; 23(3): 213.     CrossRef
• Cancer-Oriented Comprehensive Nursing Services in Republic of Korea: Lessons from an Oncologist’s Perspective
  Suk Hun Ha, Moonho Kim, Hyojin Kim, Boram No, Ara Go, Miso Choi, Seol Lee, Yongchel Ahn
  Medicina.2023; 59(1): 144.     CrossRef
• Factors affecting triage competence among emergency room nurses: A cross‐sectional study
  Seokhwa Hwang, Sujin Shin
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2023; 32(13-14): 3589.     CrossRef
• Çocuk Evlerinde Çalışan Bakım Personellerinin Tükenmişlik ve Yaşam Doyumlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
  Gizem Tatlı, Mustafa Kale, Ayse Avcı
  Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet.2023; 34(2): 405.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Work Interruption on Workload and Perception of Patient Safety Culture in Ward Nurses
  Doo-Nam Oh, Ye-Won Lee
  Quality Improvement in Health Care.2022; 28(2): 2.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Violence Experience and Emotional Labor on Burnout among Tertiary Hospital Nurses
  Su Hyang Kim, Yoon Goo Noh
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(4): 290.     CrossRef
• Nursing leadership in clinical practice, its efficacy and repercussion on nursing‐sensitive outcomes: A cross‐sectional multicentre protocol study
  Jacopo Fiorini, Francesco Zaghini, Alice Mannocci, Alessandro Sili
  Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(7): 3178.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
• Family incivility, burnout and job satisfaction: examining the mediation effect
  Maria Tresita Paul V, Nimitha Aboobaker, Uma Devi N
  Benchmarking: An International Journal.2021; 28(6): 2110.     CrossRef
• Effects of Awareness of Patient Safety Culture, Emotional Labor and Job Stress on Patient Safety Nursing Activities by Comprehensive Nursing Care Medical Service Ward Nurses
  Hyo Jeong Choi, Yun Mi Lee, Hyo Jin Park
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2021; 14(3): 87.     CrossRef
• The Impact of Job Demands and Organizational Culture on Work Performance, Burnout, and Job Satisfaction in Healthy Family and Multicultural Family Support Centers during the Covid-19 Pandemic
  Sun Kang Koh, Jeong Yun Park, Meejung Chin
  Family and Environment Research.2021; 59(2): 185.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Nurses’ Performance of Care in COVID-19 Wards
  Yoon Sun Kim, Mi-Ae Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(6): 678.     CrossRef
• Research Trends in Korea on Integrated Nursing Care Service: A Scoping Review
  Jui Kim, Hyoung Shim Choi
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(5): 455.     CrossRef
• The Influences of Grit, Emotional Labor and Organizational Intimacy on Nurses' Intention to Stay in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Units
  Dae Yeon Lee, Sook Young Kim
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2020; 23(2): 149.     CrossRef
• The role of occupational stress in the association between emotional labor and burnout in nurses: A cross-sectional study
  Francesco Zaghini, Valentina Biagioli, Miriana Proietti, Sondra Badolamenti, Jacopo Fiorini, Alessandro Sili
  Applied Nursing Research.2020; 54: 151277.     CrossRef
• Work-related Characteristics and Sleep Quality of Nurses in Comprehensive Nursing Care Units of Small-medium Sized Hospitals
  Sujin Shin, Inyoung Lee, Jeonghyun Kim, Sung-Heui Bae
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2019; 26(4): 260.     CrossRef
• A Comparative Study on the Job Stress, Burnout and Nursing Performance of Nurses in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Wards and Nurses in General Wards
  Youn Sil Kim, Jung Ae Park, Eun Koung Seo
  Stress.2019; 27(1): 46.     CrossRef
• Video Recording of Nursing Care Activities in Gerontological Nursing to Compare General Units and Comprehensive Nursing Care Units
  Sung-Heui Bae, Jeonghyun Kim, Inyoung Lee, Seung Jin Oh, Sujin Shin
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2019; 21(3): 165.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The study was done to investigate nurses' customer orientation, emotional labor, unit manager-nurse exchange and relational bonds and to identify the factors affecting nurses' turnover intentions.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted using self-report questionnaires. The participants in this study were 276 nurses in tertiary hospital located in a metropolitan city, Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS program 22.0.
RESULTS
The mean scores were 3.74±0.90 (out of 5) for turnover intention, 5.31±0.87 (out of 7) for customer orientation, 4.82±0.96 (out of 7) for emotional labor, 3.58±0.61 (out of 7) for relational bonds, and 3.18±0.57 (out of 5) for unit manager-nurse exchange. Factors influencing turnover intention were 'emotional labor' (β=.39, p<.001), 'unit manager-nurse exchange' (β=-.22, p<.001), 'financial bonds' (β=-.19, p<.001), 'perceived economic status' (β=-.15 p=.003) and 'career' (β=.14, p=.005). These factors explained 34.9% of the variance in turnover intension (F=30.46, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
Findings indicate that to reduce nurses' turnover intention in the hospital, there is a need to improve unit manager-nurse exchange and to manage strategies lowering nurses' emotional labor.

Citations

• Reducing Nurses’ Emotional Exhaustion and Turnover Intentions: The Role of Prosocial Orientation and Perceived Patient Gratitude in a Moderated Mediation Model
  Ferdinando Toscano, Teresa Galanti, Michela Cortini, Martin Cerveny
  Journal of Nursing Management.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Effect of Nurses’ Perceived Leader-Member Exchange on Psychological Ownership, Job Engagement, and Turnover Intention
  Eun Ah Cho, Myun Sook Jung, Eun Ju Heo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(3): 298.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Relational Bonds, Followership, and Occupational Stress on Nurses' Organizational Commitment
  Gipeum Choi, Hyojung Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(1): 56.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nurses' Positive Psychological Capital, Self-Leadership, and Relational Bonds on Organizational Commitment
  Shi Nae Kwon, Hyo Jung Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(3): 241.     CrossRef
• Educational Simulation Program Based on Korean Triage and Acuity Scale
  Jae-Hyuk Jang, Sang Suk Kim, Sunghee Kim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(23): 9018.     CrossRef
• The effect of quality of work life and job control on organizational indifference and turnover intention of nurses: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey
  Narjes Alsadat Nasabi, Peivand Bastani
  Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery.2018; 9(4): 915.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The present study was aimed to examine the degree of nurses' emotional labor and occupational stress and demonstrate the moderating and mediating effects of work-family conflict in the relationship among emotional labor, occupational stress, turnover intention of nurses.
METHODS
The participants for this study were 307 nurses currently working in two general hospitals in G city in Korea. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal Wallis Test, Pearson correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 21.0 program.
RESULTS
It turned out that work-family conflict plays an important role in the relationship among emotional labor, occupational stress, turnover intention of nurses.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, to reduce nurses' turnover intention, it is necessary to have an intervention focusing on work-family conflict. Also, it is necessary for both the government and hospitals to establish a supportive system and a program to relieve nurses from their work-family conflict.

Citations

• Factors Associated with Job Stress among Hospital Nurses: A Meta-Correlation Analysis
  Ji-Young Lim, Geun-Myun Kim, Eun-Joo Kim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(10): 5792.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
• Work Performance, Anger Management Ability, Resiliece, and Self Compassion of Clinical Nurses
  Young Ae Kim, Kuem Sun Han
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2021; 30(2): 110.     CrossRef
• Relationship of Workplace Violence to Turnover Intention in Hospital Nurses: Resilience as a Mediator
  Hyun-Jung Kang, Jaeyong Shin, Eun-Hyun Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(5): 728.     CrossRef
• Effects of Leader-Member Exchange of Nurses who Return to Work after Parental Leave on Conflict between Work and Family: Focus on the Mediating Effects of Job Stress
  Ji Hyun Yoon, Jung-Ha Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(3): 294.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor Strategies, Stress, and Burnout Among Hospital Nurses: A Path Analysis
  Ji‐Soo Kim
  Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2020; 52(1): 105.     CrossRef
• Related Factors of Turnover Intention among Korean Hospital Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Youngock Lee, Jiyeon Kang
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Effects of Group Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy on the Nurses' Job Stress, Burnout, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention
  Hye-Lyun Kim, Sook-Hee Yoon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2018; 48(4): 432.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among work environment of nursing, nursing organizational culture, demands at work and the emotional labor in clinical nurses.
METHODS
A convenience sample of 241 registered nurses was obtained from two hospitals. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire during December, 2014. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 21.0.
RESULTS
The mean score for emotional labor was 3.36±0.48, for work environment of nursing, 2.44±0.36, and for innovational-orientation, 2.95±0.56: Relation-orientation, 3.34±0.62, Task-orientation, 2.95±0.53, and hierarchy-orientation, 3.41±0.49, The score for quantitative demands was 3.02±0.56, and for work pace, 3.76±0.76. In multivariate analysis, factors related to emotional labor were work environment of nursing, innovational-orientation and work pace.
CONCLUSION
Findings from this study indicate the need to evaluate and improve the work environment for nurses to decrease emotional labor.

Citations

• Psychosocial Stressors of COVID-19– and Non-COVID-19–Dedicated Nurses: A Comparative Study
  Soo-Yeon Kim, Jeong Eun Yang
  Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services.2023; 61(1): 39.     CrossRef
• Differences in occupational values, communication types, job satisfaction, and organisational commitment among clinical nurses across generations
  Seul A. Lee, Jungmin Lee
  Frontiers in Psychology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Impact of Nursing Organizational Culture and Nursing Practice Environment on Generational Conflict in Organization among Hospital Nurses
  Jieun Kwon, Eun-Young Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(1): 45.     CrossRef
• Developing a structural equation model from Grandey's emotional regulation model to measure nurses' emotional labor, job satisfaction, and job performance
  Won Ju Hwang, Eun Hee Park
  Applied Nursing Research.2022; 64: 151557.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor and its Related Factors in Nurses in the Outpatient Department
  Eun-Jeong Ma, Kuemsun Han
  Stress.2020; 28(3): 160.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Organizational Justice, Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence on Intention of Retention in Reemployed Nurses
  Yu Ri Jung, So Young Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 501.     CrossRef
• Relationship among Nursing Professionalism, Nursing Work Environment, and Patient Safety Nursing Activities in General Hospital Nurses
  Mi-Aie Lee, Sunjoo Kang, Hye Sun Hyun
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(4): 317.     CrossRef
• Influence of Emotional Labor, Nursing Work Environment, and Self-efficacy on Happiness Index among National Psychiatric Hospital Nurses in Korea
  Eun A Song, Myung Sun Heo, Hyo Ja An, Jeong Suk Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2017; 26(1): 46.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor Experienced of Ward Nurses
  Soyeon Kim, Heeyoung Jung, Youngmi Kim
  Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2016; 26(3): 377.     CrossRef
• Effects of Work Intensity and Physical Discomfort on Job Satisfaction in Clinical Nurses
  Hyojin Kim, Soonjoo Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(4): 362.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to analyze relationships between perfectionism, burnout, and emotional intelligence in APN and to identify the mediating effect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between perfectionism and burnout.
METHODS
A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure perfectionism, burnout, and emotional intelligence. Data were collected from 121 APN working in five advanced general hospitals and two general hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation and Hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program.
RESULTS
Mean scores for each variable were: perfectionism 3.57 (on a 5-point scale), burnout 3.32 (on a 7-point scale), and emotional intelligence 5.00 (on a 7-point scale). Self-oriented perfectionism had a positive correlation with burnout, as did socially prescribed perfectionism. Emotional intelligence was a significant variable reducing burnout, as it also had a reverse buffering effect on the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and burnout. Explanatory power of the final model based on variables was 34%.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest a mediating direction regarding burnout by demonstrating that emotional intelligence plays a direct and reverse buffering role to self-oriented perfectionism, which can be used to reduce burnout in APN.

Citations

• The Mediating Effects of Psychological Flexibility on Infection Control Nurses’ Mental Well-being in the Post-Pandemic Era
  Jina Kim, Chung Hee Woo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2025; 32(2): 253.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Professional Quality of Life in Intensive Care Unit Nurses of University Hospitals
  Yu Lim Lee, Yun Mi Lee, So Eun Jang
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(1): 44.     CrossRef
• Trait Emotional Intelligence and Happiness of Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Perfectionism
  Siti Khadijah Zainal Badri, Min Yao Kong, Wan Mohd Azam Wan Mohd Yunus, Nor Akmar Nordin, Wai Meng Yap
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(20): 10800.     CrossRef
• Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yalnızlık ve Mükemmeliyetçilik Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkide Duygusal Zekânın Aracılık Rolü
  Feridun KAYA, Zehra Nesrin BİROL
  Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi.2018; 26(6): 1793.     CrossRef
• Burnout amongst Nurses in Cancer Wards: Impact of Nursing Professionalism, Perfectionism, and Resilience
  Eun Ko, Hye Young Kim, Gwang Sook Kim, Rang Soon Kim, Hyang Sook So
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2018; 18(4): 214.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of emotional labor on burnout in nurses focusing the moderating effects of social intelligence and emotional intelligence.
METHODS
Data were collected in March 2015 by self administered questionnaires among 392 nurses in eight hospitals located in Busan, Gyeongsangnam-do. Data were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression, hierarchical multiple regression.
RESULTS
Study results shown (a) emotional labor showed a positive correlation on burnout, while social intelligence and emotional intelligence showed a negative correlation on burnout, (b) emotional labor was the most influential variable on burnout, (c) social intelligence had a negative moderating effect the relationship between emotional labor and burnout, (d) emotional intelligence had a positive moderating effect the relationship between emotional labor and burnout.
CONCLUSION
The result of the study indicate that emotional labor of nurses is positively correlated with burnout and emotional labor is to give the greatest effect on burnout, social intelligence and emotional intelligence had a moderating effects the relationship between emotional labor and burnout.

Citations

• The relationship between nurses’ demographic work-related variables and emotional labor behavior on nurse burnout during the COVID 19 pandemic
  Begüm Yalçın, Seda Sarıköse, Nilgün Göktepe, Emine Türkmen
  BMC Health Services Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Concept Analysis of Social Intelligence of Nurses Using Hybrid Model
  Kyung Ran Lee, Na Kyoung Lee, Hee Oh, Kyoung Ae Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 459.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Professional Quality of Life in Intensive Care Unit Nurses of University Hospitals
  Yu Lim Lee, Yun Mi Lee, So Eun Jang
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(1): 44.     CrossRef
• The relationship between occupational burnout and moral courage in operating room personnel: A cross-sectional study
  Mahla Zakeriafshar, Camellia Torabizadeh, Zahra Jamshidi
  Perioperative Care and Operating Room Management.2023; 32: 100339.     CrossRef
• Influential Effects of Emotional Intelligence on the Relationship between Job Stress and Burnout among General Hospital Administrative Staff
  Woosok Han, Jinkyung Kim, Junghee Park, Mihyang Lee
  Healthcare.2022; 10(2): 194.     CrossRef
• Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences in the Nurses' Emotional Labour Scale
  Sun-Hee KIM, Eunkyung LEE, Jin-Hwa PARK
  Journal of Nursing Research.2022; 30(6): e239.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Violence Experience and Emotional Labor on Burnout among Tertiary Hospital Nurses
  Su Hyang Kim, Yoon Goo Noh
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(4): 290.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting Psychological Burnout in Nurses Caring for Terminal Cancer Patients
  Na-Ri Seo, Hyun-E Yeom
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2022; 25(4): 159.     CrossRef
• The Moderating Effects of Self-esteem and Ego-resilience on the Relationship between Emotional Labor, Depressive Symptom, and Job Satisfaction in Nurses
  Taeyoun Kim, Kuem Sun Han
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2021; 30(3): 209.     CrossRef
• Understanding the relationships among emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, and emotional intelligence of hotel front desk employees
  Kwang-Hi Park, Dae-Kwan Kim
  Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research.2021; 26(5): 504.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
• Nurses’ Job Burnout: A Hybrid Concept Analysis
  Zohreh Nabizadeh-Gharghozar, Mohsen Adib-Hajbaghery, Shahnaz Bolandianbafghi
  Journal of Caring Sciences.2020; 9(3): 154.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor Strategies, Stress, and Burnout Among Hospital Nurses: A Path Analysis
  Ji‐Soo Kim
  Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2020; 52(1): 105.     CrossRef
• Analysis of the Risk and Protective Roles of Work-Related and Individual Variables in Burnout Syndrome in Nurses
  María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes, María del Mar Molero Jurado, África Martos Martínez, José Jesús Gázquez Linares
  Sustainability.2019; 11(20): 5745.     CrossRef
• The Moderating Role of Leader–Member Exchange in the Relationships Between Emotional Labor and Burnout in Clinical Nurses
  Eun Kyung Lee, Eun Joo Ji
  Asian Nursing Research.2018; 12(1): 56.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Emotional Labor on Job Satisfaction of Hotel Employees: Analyzing Moderating Effects of Emotional Intelligence
  Kwang-Hi Park
  Stress.2018; 26(3): 166.     CrossRef
• Influencing Effects of Role Conflict, Resilience on Burnout in Physician Assistants
  Kyoung-Sook LEE, Euna PARK
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2017; 29(5): 1424.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate the effect of a mind map for relief of emotional labor and burnout among nurses in outpatient departments in cancer hospitals.
METHODS
We developed a mind map to reduce emotional labor and burnout. A quasi-experimental study was used with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from December 2012 to April 2013. Participants were 35 nurses working in the outpatient department of a cancer hospital. The experimental group participated in the mind map program biweekly for 10 weeks. Data were analyzed using chi2-test, Mann-Whitney U test, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon sign rank test with the SPSS 21.0 program.
RESULTS
The physical burnout and total burnout scores decreased significantly in the intervention group which took the mind map program.
CONCLUSION
Findings indicate that the mind map is an effective intervention to reduce burnout in outpatient department nurses.

PURPOSE
The study was done to verify the effect size of the variables related to the emotional labor of nurses.
METHODS
A total of 47 article on variables related to the emotional labor of nurses and published from 2006 to 2014 were used for the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Variables with the largest effect size related to emotional labor were identified as the variables of work task, organization and individual characteristics in descending order of effect size. The sub-factors with the greatest effect size in the work task variable were exhaustion and work commitment, while for organization variables, intention to change jobs had the largest effect size. For individual characteristics, physical symptoms had the largest effect size.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study are meaningful as the first study to integrate research results on variables related to the emotional labor of Korean nurses, providing practical data for the management of emotional labor.

Citations

• Relationships among supervisor support, autonomy, job satisfaction and emotional labor on nurses within the Turkey context of healthcare services
  Sabiha Sevinç Altaş, Hülya Gündüz Çekmecelioğlu, Gönül Konakay, Murat Günsel
  Frontiers in Psychology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• “Acting often and everywhere:” Teachers’ emotional labor across professional interactions and responsibilities
  Elizabeth Levine Brown, Kristabel Stark, Colleen Vesely, Jihyae Choe
  Teaching and Teacher Education.2023; 132: 104227.     CrossRef
• Unlocking the benefits of diversity among healthcare workforces: a holistic view
  Matthew B. Perrigino, Marjorie Jenkins
  Journal of Health Organization and Management.2023; 37(2): 177.     CrossRef
• GÜVENLİK GÜÇLERİNİN PERFORMANSINDA DUYGUSAL EMEĞİN ETKİSİ: KAVRAM VE LİTERATÜR ODAKLI BİR İNCELEME
  Murat Sağbaş, İbrahim Yıkılmaz
  SAVSAD Savunma ve Savaş Araştırmaları Dergisi.2022; 32(1): 67.     CrossRef
• Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences in the Nurses' Emotional Labour Scale
  Sun-Hee KIM, Eunkyung LEE, Jin-Hwa PARK
  Journal of Nursing Research.2022; 30(6): e239.     CrossRef
• Variables Associated with Self-Compassion among Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Bokeung Peun, Heeseung Choi
  STRESS.2022; 30(4): 221.     CrossRef
• Güvenlik Güçlerinin Performansında Duygusal Emeğin Etkisi: Kavram Ve Literatür Odaklı Bir İnceleme
  Murat Sağbaş, İbrahim Yıkılmaz
  SAVSAD Savunma ve Savaş Araştırmaları Dergisi.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of the Violence Experience and Emotional Labor on Burnout among Tertiary Hospital Nurses
  Su Hyang Kim, Yoon Goo Noh
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(4): 290.     CrossRef
• Developing a structural equation model from Grandey's emotional regulation model to measure nurses' emotional labor, job satisfaction, and job performance
  Won Ju Hwang, Eun Hee Park
  Applied Nursing Research.2022; 64: 151557.     CrossRef
• Experiences of gynecologic oncology nurses regarding caring behaviors: a hermeneutic phenomenological study
  İlkay Boz, Gamze Teskereci
  Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology.2021; 42(1): 29.     CrossRef
• Effects of exposure to endocrine disruptors, burnout, and social support from peers on premenstrual syndrome in nurses
  Hye Young Chang, SoMi Park
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2020; 26(2): 171.     CrossRef
• Resilience as a Moderator and Mediator of the Relationship between and Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction among Nurses working in ICUs
  Mi Lim Byeon, Yun Mi Lee, Hyo jin Park
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2019; 12(3): 24.     CrossRef
• Psychometric Properties of Korean version of Nurse Emotional Labor Strategy Scale (K-NELSS)
  Heejung Choi, Miyeon Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(2): 161.     CrossRef
• Development of Emotional Labor Measurement Tool for Hospital Nurses
  Hye Ri Nam, Ji Yun Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(3): 221.     CrossRef
• Influences of Burnout, Emotional labor, and Positive Psychological Capital on Job Satisfaction of Nurses
  Soo Young Jun
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2017; 23(2): 201.     CrossRef
• Meta Analysis of Variables related to Emotional Labor of Hospital Nurses
  Jong Kyung Kim, Jung-Hee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2016; 23(2): 115.     CrossRef
• The mediating effect of emotional intelligence between emotional labour, job stress, burnout and nurses' turnover intention
  Eunyoung Hong, Young Sook Lee
  International Journal of Nursing Practice.2016; 22(6): 625.     CrossRef
• Relationship among Emotional Labor, Burnout, Social Support and Turnover Intention of Nurse Practitioners in terms of Interdisciplinary Perspectives
  Ji-Young Kim
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2016; 14(8): 331.     CrossRef
• Perceived Emotional Labor of Clinical Nurse from the Persons Concerned
  Ji-hyun Back, Myung Hee Kim, Sungmin Kim
  Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(3): 148.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Mind Map for Emotional Labor and Burnout: A Survey of Nurses in Outpatient Departments of Cancer Hospitals
  Jin A Lee, Seok Won Park, Kyeong Ji Kim, Hyun Ok Paik, Eunyoung Jeon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2015; 21(5): 511.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was done to: (a) identify levels of emotional labor that nursing students perceived when caring for patients in the hospital during their nursing practicum, (b) examine the impact of emotional labor on burnout, and (c) identify the possible moderating effect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between emotional labor and burnout for nursing students.
METHODS
A descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 171 students enrolled in a 4-year undergraduate nursing program in one university located in Korea, and had a practicum experience at least one semester before the study began. Data were collected with self-report questionnaire, and analyzed with SPSS 21.0 program, using hierarchical multiple regression.
RESULTS
Mean score for emotional labor was 3.17 with a range of 1 to 5. For nursing students, emotional labor significantly affected burnout in the nursing practicum (F=15.763, p<.001), and explained 30.1% of the variance in burnout. The degree of emotional intelligence acted as a moderator on the relationship between emotional labor and burnout at significant level (F=15.345, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
This research shows that nurse managers as well as nurse educators need to pay attention to nursing students' emotional labor during nursing practicum in the care units of hospitals.

Citations

• Exploring the Relationship between Surface Acting, Job Stress, and Emotional Exhaustion in Health Professionals: The Moderating Role of LMX
  Ibrahim Yikilmaz, Lutfi Surucu, Ahmet Maslakci, Alper Bahadir Dalmis, Emete Toros
  Behavioral Sciences.2024; 14(8): 637.     CrossRef
• Relationship between Emotional Labor Behaviors and Professionalism Levels in Nursing Students: A Case Study From The Faculty of Health Sciences and A Vocational School of Health
  Ayşe KARADAŞ, Songül DURAN, Serap KAYNAK
  Balıkesır Health Sciences Journal.2021; 10(3): 302.     CrossRef
• Influence of Anger Expression on Communication Competence of Nursing Students
  Soonyang JANG
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2020; 32(2): 511.     CrossRef
• Effect of Incivility, Resilience, and Social Support Experienced by Nursing Students on Burnout in Clinical Practice
  Eun Jung Lee, Mi-Hae Sung, Hye-Kyong Ahn, Yun Ah Kim
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(1): 86.     CrossRef
• Is spirituality an important variable as the predictor of emotional labour for nursing students?
  Altun Baksi, Hamdiye Arda Sürücü
  Nurse Education Today.2019; 79: 135.     CrossRef
• Predictors of Emotional Labor and Resilience on Clinical Competency in Nursing Students
  Eun Mi Park, Yeoungsuk Song
  Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2019; 25(3): 357.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Emotional Labor on Job Satisfaction of Hotel Employees: Analyzing Moderating Effects of Emotional Intelligence
  Kwang-Hi Park
  Stress.2018; 26(3): 166.     CrossRef
• Effects of Empowerment and Emotional Intelligence in the Relationship between Clinical Practicum Stress and Burnout among Nursing College Students
  Chung Mee Ko
  Korean Journal of Stress Research.2017; 25(2): 120.     CrossRef
• Influence of Social Support on the Relationship between Practice Stress, Emotional Labor and Burnout among Nursing Students
  Yoon Goo Noh
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2017; 23(5): 461.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Clinical Practice Burnout in Student Nurses
  Hun-Ha Cho, Jung Mi Kang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(2): 199.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Nursing Students' Emotional Labor, Clinical Practice Stress on Satisfaction of Clinical Practice
  Nae-Young LEE, So-Hee KIM, Young-Sun KIM
  Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education.2016; 28(3): 619.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting Clinical Competence of Dental Hygienists
  Hee-Su Lee, Kyeung-Ae Jang
  Journal of dental hygiene science.2016; 16(5): 331.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Emotional Labor of Clinical Practice, Self-esteem and Clinical Practice Satisfaction on Professional Identity in Nursing Students
  Mun Hee Nam, Mi-Ryon Lee
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2016; 22(4): 527.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting the Self Esteem of a Convergence Dental Hygienist
  Kyeung-Ae Jang, Hee-Su Lee
  Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2015; 6(4): 177.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was done to elicit basic data for effective human resource management by identifying the relationships among job embeddedness, emotional intelligence, social support, and the turnover intention of Nurses.
METHODS
Research design was to build a hypothetical causal model between variables and to verify its fitness. The sample for this study was 283 nurses with careers of more than 6 months in one hospital of more than 800 beds located in Seoul. They agreed in writing and this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 program.
RESULTS
Differences in general characteristics for the variables were significant for age, marital status, education, work experience, job title, income, and department. Job embeddedness, emotional intelligence and social support were significantly correlated to turnover intention. Job embeddedness to emotional intelligence and social support showed positive effects and a negative effect to turnover intention. Emotional intelligence to turnover intention showed a positive effect, but social support was not significant.
CONCLUSION
Organizations should provide ways to minimize voluntary turnover of a competent workforce and demonstrate their competency. Also it should develop training and management programs to effectively utilize emotional intelligence.

Citations

• Impact of Informal Organizational Support on Female Employee Turnover Intention: An Empirical Study in Yemen
  Ghamdan Abdulkader, Rakesh Krishnan M, Maeen Hamam
  South Asian Journal of Management.2025; 31(4): 31.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Socio-Cognitive Mindfulness, Job Stress and Social Support on Turnover Intention in General Hospital Nurses
  Chun Ha Kim, Mikyoung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(2): 155.     CrossRef
• Nurses’ job embeddedness and turnover intention: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Xin Wang, Ming Liu, Angela Y.M. Leung, Xiaoyan Jin, Hongxia Dai, Shaomei Shang
  International Journal of Nursing Sciences.2024; 11(5): 563.     CrossRef
• Effects of nursing professionalism and self-efficacy on job embeddedness in nurses
  Hee-jeong Kim, Dahye Park
  Heliyon.2023; 9(6): e16991.     CrossRef
• Impact of Job Rotation Stress on Nursing Work Performance among Clinical Nurses: Mediating Effects of Job Embeddedness and Moderated Mediating Effects of Resilience
  Jeong A Jeong, Seok Hee Jeong, Hyun Kyung Kim, Hee Sun Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 503.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing End-of-Life Care Stress in Nurses
  Ri Na Kim, So-Young Choi
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2023; 23(4): 207.     CrossRef
• A Meta-Analysis of the Relationships Between Emotional Intelligence and Employee Outcomes
  Çaǧlar Doǧru
  Frontiers in Psychology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Validity and Reliability of the Korean version of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale for Nurses
  Hye-Ja Park, Soyoung Yu
  Sage Open.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Influence of Organizational Justice, Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence on Intention of Retention in Reemployed Nurses
  Yu Ri Jung, So Young Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 501.     CrossRef
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  Zaid M. Al‐Hamdan, Anas Muhsen, Mohammad Alhamdan, Ahmad Rayan, Khaled Banyhamdan, Hala Bawadi
  Journal of Nursing Management.2020; 28(2): 351.     CrossRef
• Influence of Job Embeddedness and Resilience on Turnover Intention in Dental Hygienists
  Ji-Min Hwang, Ji-Hyoung Han
  Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2020; 20(3): 171.     CrossRef
• Influence of Resilience and Job Embeddedness on Turnover Intention in General Hospital Nurses
  Kyoung Ja Ko, Soo-Kyoung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(4): 362.     CrossRef
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  Mamoona Rasheed, Salman Iqbal, Faisal Mustafa
  Gender in Management: An International Journal.2018; 33(8): 636.     CrossRef
• Relationship among Emotional Labor, Burnout, Social Support and Turnover Intention of Nurse Practitioners in terms of Interdisciplinary Perspectives
  Ji-Young Kim
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2016; 14(8): 331.     CrossRef
• The Influences of Workplace Spirituality and Emotional Intelligence on the Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Clinical Nurses
  Myung-Sook Yoo
  The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2016; 10(2): 59.     CrossRef
• Influence of Emotional Intelligence and Empathy on the Facilitative Communication Ability of Psychiatric Nurses
  Eun-jung Oh, Myung Ha Lee, Sung Hee Ko
  Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2016; 25(4): 283.     CrossRef
• Influence of Job Embeddedness Factors on Turnover Intention of Nurses in Small and Medium Sized General Hospitals
  Yun-Sook Kim, Seang Ryu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(2): 158.     CrossRef
• Influence of the Emotional Intelligence, Communication Competence and Stress coping on Turnover Intention in Psychiatric Nurses
  Hye-Seung Kang, Yoon-Young Kim
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(1): 141.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effect of head nurses' emotional leadership as perceived by nurses in the relationship between nurses' job stress and job satisfaction.
METHODS
Study participants were 278 staff nurses currently working at two university hospitals in Busan, Korea. SPSS/WIN 21.0 program was used for data analysis to analyze descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The significance level was set at p<.05.
RESULTS
Nurses' job satisfaction had a significant correlation with job stress (r=-.31, p<.001) and emotional leadership of nurse managers as perceived by nurses (r=.53, p<.001). Also, head nurses' emotional leadership experienced by nurses had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between nurses' job stress and job satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study show that the nurse managers' emotional leadership has an important influence on nurses' job stress and job satisfaction. Therefore, head nurses' emotional leadership is very important for effective human resource management and the hospital should offer education and training to booster head nurses' leadership by developing emotional intelligence to promote staff job satisfaction.

Citations

• Factors Related to Emotional Leadership in Nurses Manager: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Se Young Jang, Chan Mi Park, Eun Hee Yang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(2): 119.     CrossRef
• Factors Associated with Job Stress among Hospital Nurses: A Meta-Correlation Analysis
  Ji-Young Lim, Geun-Myun Kim, Eun-Joo Kim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(10): 5792.     CrossRef
• Nurses’ turnover intention in secondary hospitals in China: A structural equation modelling approach
  Yong‐ai Zhang, Xiao‐na Zhang, Na Xu, EunKyoung Yun
  Journal of Nursing Management.2021; 29(7): 2216.     CrossRef
• Response Patterns of Nursing Unit Managers regarding Workplace Bullying: A Q Methodology Approach
  Jin Kyu Choi, Byoungsook Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(5): 562.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Emotional Labor, Job Stress and Social Support on Nurses’ Job Satisfaction
  Seung Young Lee, Duck Ho Kim
  Stress.2019; 27(3): 215.     CrossRef
• Effect of Supportive Work Environment on the Job Satisfaction of Registered Nurses : Resonant Leadership and Structural Empowerment
  Eun-Soon Lee, See-Won Ryu
  The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2017; 11(2): 43.     CrossRef
• The Role of Job Satisfaction in the Relationship between Job Stress and Organizational Commitment among Nurses in Small-sized General Hospitals
  Hyun-Ju Choi
  The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2016; 10(2): 35.     CrossRef
• Concept Analysis of Nursing Leadership
  Jung Sook Kim, Yun Min Kim, Keum Seong Jang, Bok Nam Kim, Seok Hee Jeong
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2015; 21(5): 575.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of emotional labor and self-efficacy on psychosocial stress of nurses.
METHODS
A cross-sectional correlation study design was used. The participants were 186 nurses from two general hospitals in Jeju Island, South Korea. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data including data on emotional labor, self-efficacy, and psychosocial stress. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression.
RESULTS
Approximately 98% of the participants were categorized as having potential and high risk stress levels. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that employment status, surface-acting, and self-efficacy explained 37.0% of psychosocial stress and self-efficacy was the main factor influencing psychosocial stress.
CONCLUSION
Nursing administrators should understand that nurses suffer from high risk stress and emotional labor. To reduce the psychosocial stress of nurses, there is needed to improve stressful work conditions such as irregular employment, decrease surface-acting, and improve self-efficacy.

Citations

• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
• Effect of Emotional Coaching Program for Clinical Nurses on Resilience, Emotional Labor, and Self-efficacy
  Kyung Ryu, Jong Kyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(3): 419.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Innovation-oriented Organizational Culture on Job Engagement and Job Stress: Focusing on Moderating Effect of Selfefficacy
  Yoon-Ju BAEK, Yun-A LIM, Jae-Chang LEE
  Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business.2020; 11(6): 29.     CrossRef
• Daily Hassles, Self-Efficacy, and Stress Responses of Adult Learners of Distance Education in Digital Convergence Era -Based on RN-BSN Students
  Young-Suk Park, Jeong-Hee Kim
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(9): 397.     CrossRef
• Effects of emotional labor, job stress and burnout on somatization in nurses : In convergence era
  Yun Jung Oh, Young Hee Choi
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(10): 415.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between emotional intelligence, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment and organizational performance of clinical nurses in Korea.
METHODS
The participants were 453 nurses, working in three general hospitals in Seoul, and data were collected from December 15, 2012 to February 2, 2013. Data were analyzed using PASW (SPSS ver. 20.0) and SPSS/WIN 19.0 (SPSS INC, Chicago, IL, USA), and AMOS ver. 20.0.
RESULTS
The results were as follows: organizational performance is positively influenced by emotional intelligence. Organizational citizenship behavior is positively influenced by emotional intelligence, organizational commitment is positively influenced by organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational performance is positively influenced by organizational commitment.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study demonstrate and help in understanding the relationship between the research concepts and the direction of nursing organizations. We recommend that various educational programs should be developed to improve clinical nurses' emotional intelligence.

Citations

• Influence of Clinical Nurses’ Organizational Silence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment Moderated by Organizational Justice
  Shin Ae Hwang, Haeyoung Min
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 416.     CrossRef
• The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment among First‐Line Nurse Managers in Qatar
  Mutaz I. Othman, Anas Khalifeh, Islam Oweidat, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan, Ahmad Alnawafleh
  Journal of Nursing Management.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Impact of emotional intelligence on work performance: The mediating role of occupational stress among nurses
  Abdulaziz Mohsen Alsufyani, Ahmad Eissa Aboshaiqah, Fawzeih Ayed Alshehri, Yasir Mohsen Alsufyani
  Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2022; 54(6): 738.     CrossRef
• Organizational justice perception and organizational citizenship behavior of shipyard workers: the role of identification and emotional intelligence
  Murat Yorulmaz, Ahmet Karabacak
  Maritime Business Review.2021; 6(3): 268.     CrossRef
• Effects of Organizational Socialization, Perceived Organizational Vision and Attitude toward Organizational Change on Organizational Commitment of General Hospital Nurses
  Yeon Hee Kang, Eun Hee Lee, Kyeong Hwa Kang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 468.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Organizational Justice, Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence on Intention of Retention in Reemployed Nurses
  Yu Ri Jung, So Young Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 501.     CrossRef
• Emotional Intelligence, Customer Orientation, and the Organizational Performance of Hair Salon Workers
  Yi-Ju Yeo, Eun-Jun Park
  Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology.2019; 17(2): 199.     CrossRef
• The Influences of Emotional Intelligence, Self-leadership, and Job Embeddedness on Nursing Work Performance
  Yo-na Kim
  The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2018; 12(2): 51.     CrossRef
• The correlation between team-member exchange (TMX) and commitment in dental hygienists
  Na Na Yoon, Jung Hwa Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2018; 42(4): 130.     CrossRef
• Predictors of knowledge sharing in the Pakistani educational sector: A moderated mediation study
  Sadia Cheema, Farheen Javed, Tahir Nisar
  Cogent Business & Management.2017; 4(1): 1314109.     CrossRef
• Effects of Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Nursing Performance
  Gyeong Min Noh, Myung Sook Yoo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(3): 251.     CrossRef
• Influence of the Emotional Intelligence, Communication Competence and Stress coping on Turnover Intention in Psychiatric Nurses
  Hye-Seung Kang, Yoon-Young Kim
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(1): 141.     CrossRef
• The Influences of Workplace Spirituality and Emotional Intelligence on the Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Clinical Nurses
  Myung-Sook Yoo
  The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2016; 10(2): 59.     CrossRef
• The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Perception of Job Performance among Nurses in North West of Iran
  Maryam Vahidi, Hossein Namdar Areshtanab, Mohammad Arshadi Bostanabad
  Scientifica.2016; 2016: 1.     CrossRef
• An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Hospital Employees' Emotional Intelligence on Emotional Labor Strategies and Innovative Activities
  Hyeon Jin Kang, Hyeon Gyu Jeon, Min-Yong Kim
  The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2015; 15(12): 387.     CrossRef
• Relationships among Emotional Leadership, Commitment, Patient Orientation, and Job Performance in Dental Hygienists
  Yeon-Ju Kim, Gyeong-Soon Han
  Journal of dental hygiene science.2015; 15(5): 551.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among turnover intention, emotional labor, and communication competence in nurses.
METHODS
The participants for this study were 297 nurses from three general hospitals in two local cites in Korea. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires from August 26 to September 10, 2013 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA, t-test, Pearson Correlation, Stepwise Multiple Regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program.
RESULTS
The average scores for turnover intention, emotional labor, and communication competence respectively, were 3.45, 3.08, and 3.44 out of 5. The novices recognized that their emotional labor and turnover intention were significantly higher, and their communication competence was lower than other nurses. Nurses' turnover intention had a positive relationship with their emotional labor, but no relationship with communication competence. Job satisfaction, frequency of emotional expression, and emotional dissonance had an effect on nurses' turnover intention.
CONCLUSION
The results show that emotional labor and job satisfaction are very important factors affecting nurses' turnover intention. So, nurse managers should try to minimize nurses' emotional labor and maximize their job satisfaction by developing various human relationship educational and support programs and using them.

Citations

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• Effects of Job Crafting, Burnout, and Job Satisfaction on Nurses' Turnover Intention: A Path Analysis
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  Young Jin Lee, Hyunjin Lee, Eun-Hi Choi
  Healthcare.2023; 11(18): 2547.     CrossRef
• Structural Equation Modeling of Nurses’ Turnover Intention Based on Affective Events Theory
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• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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  Mi-Jee Koo, Kyoung-Nam Kim
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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing job satisfaction in hospice nurses. The focus was on emotional labor and burnout.
METHODS
Between September 30 and October 18, 2013, hospice nurses (n=63) in 5 hospitals in 4 cities completed measures of emotional labor, burnout, and job satisfaction. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with the SPSS/Win 21.0 program.
RESULTS
The mean score per item for emotional labor was 3.0, the mean of burnout score was 2.7, and the mean job satisfaction score was 3.4. Emotional labor showed a positive correlation with burnout (r=.61), and a negative correlation with job satisfaction (r=-.52). Burnout showed a negative correlation with job satisfaction (r=-.64). The factors influencing job satisfaction were burnout (beta=-.65, p<.001) and clinical experience (beta=.25, p=.007). Burnout and clinical experience explained 57.0% of the variance in hospice nurses' job satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study indicate a need to develop strategies to prevent burnout and control emotional labor in order to increase job satisfaction for hospice nurses.

Citations

• Emotional Labor, Job Satisfaction, and Burnout in Medical Technicians: Insights from the Korea Veterans Health Service
  Eun-Taek HONG, Yo-Han SEO
  Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2025; 57(1): 37.     CrossRef
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• Mediating Effect of Resilience on the Relationship Between Job Stress and the Professional Quality of Life of Hospice and Palliative Care Nurses: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study
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  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2024; 36(3): 241.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
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• Influences of Type D Personality, Positive Psychological Capital, and Emotional Labor on the Burnout of Psychiatric Nurses
  Seung Mi Park, Myung Ha Lee, Ji Young Kim
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• The Influences of Burnout on Job Satisfaction on School Health Teachers (School Nurse): Focused on the Mediating Effects of Self-leadership
  Oh Yun Kwon, Kyung Sook Park
  Journal of the Korean Society of School Health.2017; 30(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Relationships among Emotional Labor, Burnout, and Organizational Effectiveness of Employees in Public Health Centers
  Dong Youn Kone, Jae Sun Ahn
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2016; 30(3): 544.     CrossRef
• Relationships among Emotional Labor, Self Efficacy, and Burnout of Employees in Public Health Centers
  Hyunkyung Choi, Yeongmi Ha, Seungkyoung Yang
  Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(1): 75.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Turnover Intention of Nurses after Evaluation for Certification at Geriatric Hospitals: Focused on Job Stress and Burnout
  Eun Joung Choi, Ji Won Park, Mi Lim Cho
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(3): 438.     CrossRef
• A Study on the Mediating Effect of Emotional Intelligence between Perfectionism and Burnout in Advanced Practice Nurses (APN)
  Gie Ok Noh, Kyung Sook Park, Young Soon Im
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(2): 109.     CrossRef
• A study on Emotional labor, Positive resources and Job burnout in clinical Nurses
  Soo-Ok Kim, Mee-Suk Wang
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(2): 1273.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction of Nurses Working in Long-term Care Hospitals: Focused on Burnout and Burden for Caring Problematic Behaviors in Dementia
  Ji Won Park, Eun Joung Choi
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(11): 7403.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting the Self Esteem of a Convergence Dental Hygienist
  Kyeung-Ae Jang, Hee-Su Lee
  Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2015; 6(4): 177.     CrossRef
• Nursing Need and Satisfaction of Patients in Hospice Ward
  Jung Ah Kim, Kyunghee Kim, Hee Sun Kang, Ji-su Kim
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2014; 17(4): 248.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the roles of empowerment and emotional intelligence in the relationship between job embeddedness and turnover intension among general hospital nurses.
METHODS
The sample for this study consisted of 224 nurses from four general hospitals of less than 500 beds located in Seoul and Gyunggi Province. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson Correlation and Hierarchical Multiple Regression.
RESULTS
It was found that: (a) Job embeddedness and emotional intelligence had negative effects on turnover intension; (b) Emotional intelligence moderated the relationship between job embeddedness and turnover intension, but empowerment did not.
CONCLUSION
Findings indicate a need to reduce the degree of turnover by enhancing job embeddedness among general hospital nurses. Further research needs to be done to refine this study.

Citations

• Organizational Culture for Effective Organizational Communication in Metropolitan Public Hospitals in Korea: Case of Seoul Metropolitan Hospital
  Dayang Kim, Changhoon You, Jaesun Shim
  Business Communication Research and Practice.2024; 7(1): 64.     CrossRef
• Effect of Nursing Practice Environment on Intent to Leave in Hospital Nurses: Focused on the Mediating Effect of Reciprocity
  So Young Lee, Mi-Aie Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 201.     CrossRef
• Effects of nursing professionalism and self-efficacy on job embeddedness in nurses
  Hee-jeong Kim, Dahye Park
  Heliyon.2023; 9(6): e16991.     CrossRef
• Impact of Role Conflict, Nursing Organizational Culture, and Nurse-Physician Collaboration on Job Embeddedness of Intensive Care Unit Nurses
  Young Eun Jin, Yun Mi Lee, Hyo Jin Park
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(1): 15.     CrossRef
• Moderating Effect of Nursing Organizational Culture on the Relationship between Verbal Violence and Burnout in Operating Room Nurses
  Sojeong Lim, Sujin Shin
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(2): 196.     CrossRef
• The critical role of job embeddedness: The impact of psychological empowerment and learning orientation on organizational commitment
  Dong-Yeol Yoon, Caleb Seung-Hyun Han, Soo-Kyoung Lee, Jun Cho, Moonju Sung, Soo Jeoung Han
  Frontiers in Psychology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Influence of Traumatic Events on Turnover Intention among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units: The Moderating Effect of Emotional Intelligence
  Hyunmi Kim, Jiyoung Park
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2021; 14(2): 70.     CrossRef
• Engaging in emotional labour when facing customer mistreatment in hospitality
  Aspasia Simillidou, Michael Christofi, Loukas Glyptis, Andreas Papatheodorou, Demetris Vrontis
  Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management.2020; 45: 429.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Adversity Quotient on Turnover Intention of New Nurses in General Hospitals: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Reality Shock
  Youngjin Go, Sujeong Han
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 457.     CrossRef
• Influence of Resilience and Job Embeddedness on Turnover Intention in General Hospital Nurses
  Kyoung Ja Ko, Soo-Kyoung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(4): 362.     CrossRef
• The Relationship Between Organizational jJustice and Nurses� Job Embeddedness in Teaching Hospitals
  Fatemeh Rakhshani Zabol, Omolbanin Akbari, Seyyed Abolfazl Vagharseyyedin, Zahra Farajzadeh
  Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care.2019; 27(3): 156.     CrossRef
• The Impact of Organizational Commitment and Positive Psychological Capital on Job Embeddedness of Nurses in Trauma Centers
  Eun Ji Choi, Eun Nam Lee, Moon Ja Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(4): 292.     CrossRef
• The Influences of Preceptors Nurse’s Self-leadership on Self Efficacy and Job-embeddedness
  Hyun-Ju KIM, Gyoo-Yeong CHO
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2018; 30(3): 873.     CrossRef
• Influence of Nurses' Work Environment, Organizational Commitment, and Nursing Professionalism on Turnover Intention of Nurses in Long Term Care Hospitals
  Hyun Suk Joo, Won Hee Jun
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(4): 265.     CrossRef
• Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy in the Relationship between Informal Learning, Shared Leadership and Organizational Socialization of Beginner · Advanced Beginner Nurses
  Nam Yi Kim, Chung Hee Woo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Effects of Job Embeddedness and Leader-member Exchange on Organizational Commitment of Clinical Nurses
  Yeon Mi Park, Seewon Ryu
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2018; 43(1): 105.     CrossRef
• Lived Experiences toward Harmful Work Environment among Clinical Nurses: Phenomenological Approach
  Yeong Ju Ko, Gwi-Ryung Son Hong
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• The Influences of Emotional Intelligence, Self-leadership, and Job Embeddedness on Nursing Work Performance
  Yo-na Kim
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• Effects of Job Embeddedness and Nursing Professionalism on Intent to Stay in Hospital Nurses
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• Effects of Empowerment and Emotional Intelligence in the Relationship between Clinical Practicum Stress and Burnout among Nursing College Students
  Chung Mee Ko
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• Effects of Job Embeddedness and Emotional Intelligence on Performance of Nurses in Medium and Small sized Hospital
  Sung-Bok Kwon, Mee-Jeong Park, Hyeong-Mi Song, Ji-Seon Moon
  The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2017; 11(1): 55.     CrossRef
• The Impacts of Job Stress and Job Embeddedness on Presenteeism among Container Terminal Workers
  Ji Hyun Lee, Eun Kyung Choi, Hyang Ok Oh, Hye Kyung Moon, Sang Min Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2016; 27(1): 31.     CrossRef
• The convergence study of Experience of Turnover in new graduate nurses within one year
  Young-Mi Kim, Sang-Nam Kim
  Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2016; 7(4): 97.     CrossRef
• Influence of Job Embeddedness Factors on Turnover Intention of Nurses in Small and Medium Sized General Hospitals
  Yun-Sook Kim, Seang Ryu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(2): 158.     CrossRef
• Influence of the Emotional Intelligence, Communication Competence and Stress coping on Turnover Intention in Psychiatric Nurses
  Hye-Seung Kang, Yoon-Young Kim
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(1): 141.     CrossRef
• Impact of Nursing Organizational Culture Types on Innovative Behavior and Job Embeddedness Perceived by Nurses
  Mi Yeong Mun, Seon Young Hwang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(4): 313.     CrossRef
• A Study on the Mediating Effect of Emotional Intelligence between Perfectionism and Burnout in Advanced Practice Nurses (APN)
  Gie Ok Noh, Kyung Sook Park, Young Soon Im
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(2): 109.     CrossRef
• Structural Relationships among Job Embeddedness, Emotional Intelligence, Social Support and Turnover Intention of Nurses
  So-Jung Lee, Hye-Jong Woo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2015; 21(1): 32.     CrossRef
• Role of Self-leadership and Social Support in the Relationship between Job Embeddedness and Job Performance among General Hospital Nurses
  Hyun Sook Lee, Young-Hee Yom
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2015; 21(4): 375.     CrossRef
• Influence of Emotional Intelligence and Ego Resilience on Interpersonal Relationship of Nurses
  Oi Sun Lee, Mee Ock Gu, Mi Jung Kim
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(6): 3902.     CrossRef
• The role type analysis of nursing leader for effective environment at the practice field that nursing students recognize - Q methodology -
  In Ok Sim, Geon Woo Song, Ji Hyun Lee
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(11): 7801.     CrossRef
• The Impact of Social Support and Self-esteem on Nurses' Empowerment
  Myung-Ja Kim, Hyun-Young Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2014; 20(5): 558.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was done to identify the mediating effect of emotional dissonance in the relationship between emotional labor and burnout among clinical nurses.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey design was used. The participants were 257 nurses working at three general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Data were collected by convenience sampling using self-report questionnaires that consisted of general characteristics, and measures of emotional labor, emotional dissonance and burnout. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression.
RESULTS
The findings of the multiple regression were as follows. First, surface acting of emotional labor showed significant positive effects on emotional dissonance and burnout. Second, when surface acting and emotional dissonance were entered into the regression model at the same time, surface acting showed an insignificant effect on burnout, however, emotional dissonance showed a significant effect. Finally, emotional dissonance had a mediating effect only between surface acting of emotional labor and burnout, not between deep acting and burnout.
CONCLUSION
Results of the study suggest that as a way to reduce burnout, nursing administrators should develop educational programs for nurses to perform deep acting of emotional labor instead of surface acting at the moment of truth.

Citations

• A Conceptual Analysis of Psychological Burnout Among Nurses Providing Terminal Care
  Sunjung Kim, Sunghee H. Tak
  Journal of Advanced Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Emotional labor and burnout among nurses in Iran: core self-evaluations as mediator and moderator
  Elham Saei, Soheil Sarshar, Raymond T. Lee
  Human Resources for Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of a Protestant Work Ethic on Burnout: Mediating Effect of Emotional Dissonance and Moderated Mediating Effect of Negative Emotion Regulation
  Sukbong Choi, Yungil Kang, Kyunghwan Yeo
  Sustainability.2021; 13(11): 5909.     CrossRef
• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
  Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
• Psychological Capital Mediates the Association between Job Stress and Burnout of among Korean Psychiatric Nurses
  Sooyeong Kim, YoungRan Kweon
  Healthcare.2020; 8(3): 199.     CrossRef
• A study on emotion-labor based emotion burnout by video, questionnaires and structural equation model
  Youjeong Han, Eunhee Park, Seongchul Park
  Multimedia Tools and Applications.2019; 78(20): 28779.     CrossRef
• The Moderating Role of Leader–Member Exchange in the Relationships Between Emotional Labor and Burnout in Clinical Nurses
  Eun Kyung Lee, Eun Joo Ji
  Asian Nursing Research.2018; 12(1): 56.     CrossRef
• Effects of Emotional Labor on Burnout in Nurses: Focusing on the Moderating Effects of Social Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence
  Kyung Ran Lee, Jeoung Mi Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(1): 22.     CrossRef
• A study on Emotional labor, Positive resources and Job burnout in clinical Nurses
  Soo-Ok Kim, Mee-Suk Wang
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(2): 1273.     CrossRef
• An attribution theory perspective on emotional labour in nurse–patient encounters: a nested cross‐sectional study in paediatric settings
  Nadya Golfenshtein, Anat Drach‐Zahavy
  Journal of Advanced Nursing.2015; 71(5): 1123.     CrossRef
• The comparative study on changes in job satisfaction and turnover intention according to the convergence mediating factors and the level of emotional labor in dental hygienists
  Mi-sook Choi, Dong-ha Ji
  Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2015; 6(6): 27.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of social support and emotional intelligence in the relationship between emotional labor and burnout among clinical nurses.
METHODS
The sample for this study consisted of 382 nurses from four hospitals located in Seoul or Gyunggi Province. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson Correlation, Hierarchical Multiple Regression, and Path Analysis.
RESULTS
It was found that: (a) emotional labor had a positive effect on burnout, while social support and emotional intelligence had negative effects on burnout; (b) social support and emotional intelligence moderated the relationship between emotional labor and burnout, and (c) social support mediated the relationship between emotional labor and burnout, whereas emotional intelligence did not.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study indicate that high levels of support had a buffering effect and mitigated the negative effects of the emotional labor on burnout. Therefore, strategies to enhance social support for nurses are needed and further research needs to be done to refine this study.

Citations

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  Lars Peter Andersen, Dorte Ruby Andersen, Jesper Pihl-Thingvad
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2025; 22(1): 64.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor, Job Satisfaction, and Burnout in Medical Technicians: Insights from the Korea Veterans Health Service
  Eun-Taek HONG, Yo-Han SEO
  Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2025; 57(1): 37.     CrossRef
• Effects of stress on burnout among infection control nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating effects of social support and self-efficacy
  Su-jin Lee, Ju-Young Park, Seo-Hyeon Kim
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Organization citizenship behaviour among indian nurses during SARS-COV-2: A direct effect moderation model
  Amar Kumar Mishra, Simarjeet Singh, Rajesh Kumar Upadhyay
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• Trauma Exposure and Suicidal Ideation among Korean Male Firefighters: Examining the Moderating Roles of Organizational Climate
  Chi-Yun Back, Dae-Sung Hyun, Sei-Jin Chang, Da-Yee Jeung
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• Effects of the Violence Experience and Emotional Labor on Burnout among Tertiary Hospital Nurses
  Su Hyang Kim, Yoon Goo Noh
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• Influential Effects of Emotional Intelligence on the Relationship between Job Stress and Burnout among General Hospital Administrative Staff
  Woosok Han, Jinkyung Kim, Junghee Park, Mihyang Lee
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• The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Da-Jung Ha, Jung-Hyun Park, Su-Eun Jung, Boram Lee, Myo-Sung Kim, Kyo-Lin Sim, Yung-Hyun Choi, Chan-Young Kwon
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• The Association between Korean Clinical Nurses’ Workplace Bullying, Positive Psychological Capital, and Social Support on Burnout
  Seong-Ryeol Bae, Hyon-Joo Hong, Jin-Joo Chang, Sung-Hee Shin
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• The Influence of Traumatic Events on Turnover Intention among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units: The Moderating Effect of Emotional Intelligence
  Hyunmi Kim, Jiyoung Park
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2021; 14(2): 70.     CrossRef
• Moderating Effects of Organizational Climate on the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Burnout among Korean Firefighters
  Da-Yee Jeung, Sei-Jin Chang
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• A Dual Path Model of Work-Related Well-Being in Healthcare and Social Work Settings: The Interweaving Between Trait Emotional Intelligence, End-User Job Demands, Coworkers Related Job Resources, Burnout, and Work Engagement
  Alessio Tesi
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• Effect of Verbal Violence on the Turnover Intention among Operating Room Nurses: Focusing on the Moderating Effects of Social Support and Coping
  Ae-Sook Kim, Eun Hee Jang
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• Organizational Climate Effects on the Relationship Between Emotional Labor and Turnover Intention in Korean Firefighters
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• Influence of Social Support on the Relationship between Practice Stress, Emotional Labor and Burnout among Nursing Students
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• The Effects of Communication Skills, Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue on Burnout among Staff of Long-term Care Insurance for the Elderly in National Health Insurance Services in Korea
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• Roles of Empowerment and Emotional Intelligence in the Relationship between Job Embeddedness and Turnover Intension among General Hospital Nurses
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• Influential Factors Related to Job Satisfaction in Hospice Nurses: Focus on Emotional Labor and Burnout
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• Effects of Emotional Labor and Communication Competence on Turnover Intention in Nurses
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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore emotional labor experienced by nurses in ambulatory care setting.
METHOD
The phenomenological method developed by Giorgi was used for this study. The participants were 9 nurses who had experienced emotional labor. Data were collected between May and August 2010 by face-to-face interviews. The interview was recorded and then transcribed.
RESULTS
The constituents associated with the meaning of the nurses' experiences of emotional labor in ambulatory care setting were as followings: bearing down of suffering emotions coming up from the bottom, feeling loneliness when having to undertake care alone by oneself, having conflict between nursing professional and services, managing mind by means of both internal and external resources, getting ridding oneself of conflict with forced emotions over time.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study should contribute to a deeper understanding of the meaning of emotional labor experienced by nurses in ambulatory care. The results also highlight the need to develop programs for nurses in ambulatory care setting to help them express their real action.

Citations

• Influence of Importance and Performance of Nursing Activities and Role Conflict on Professionalism in Outpatient Nurses
  Jueun Cheon, Hye-Young Jang, Minjae Kim, Milye Jung
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• The Influence of Importance and Performance of Nursing Activities, and Professional Self-Concept on Ambulatory Care Nurses' Job Satisfaction
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  Ji-hyun Back, Myung Hee Kim, Sungmin Kim
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