Purpose
This study examined factors influencing patient safety nursing activities in integrated nursing care units. Methods: A survey was conducted with 134 nurses from hospitals (100~300 beds) in Busan using self-administered questionnaires (August 17–September 15, 2024). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score for patient safety nursing activities was 4.31±0.55. Positive correlations were found with grit, teamwork, communication, and patient safety culture awareness. The predictor variables explained 46.0% of the variance in patient safety nursing activities. Significant factors included communication (β=.31, p=.032) and leadership (β=.29, p=.035) within teamwork, incident reporting frequency (β=.24, p<.001) within patient safety culture awareness, and experience in patient safety education (β=.17, p=.018). Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the importance of enhancing teamwork, particularly in leadership and communication, and creating a safety culture that promotes incident reporting and education to strengthen patient safety nursing practices. Improving patient safety training, developing systematic evaluation and feedback mechanisms, and establishing structured support systems through campaigns and workshops will boost staff involvement and elevate the quality of patient safety practices.

Purpose
This study aimed to identify factors influencing communication competence among hospital nurses. Methods: The participants were 136 nurses working at five general or tertiary hospitals with over 100 beds in Busan, Ulsan, and Geoje Island. Data were collected using structured self-report online questionnaires from July 18 to August 31, 2023. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, one-way analysis of variance, the Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise regression analysis using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Results: Self-awareness (β=.43, p<.001), a relationship-oriented organizational culture (β=.34, p<.001), working in a surgical ward (β=.19, p=.003), communication efficacy (β=.17, p=.011), hierarchy-oriented organizational culture (β=.16, p=.011), and working in a special unit (β=-.14, p=.023) were factors that significantly influenced nurses' communication competence. The model explained 52% of the variance in communication competence (F=28.43, p<.001) Conclusion: To improve communication competence in hospital nurses, healthcare institutions should provide learning opportunities to improve nurses’ self-awareness and communication efficacy. It is also essential to establish rules and order within a hierarchy-oriented organizational culture, while simultaneously promoting a relationship-oriented organizational culture based on trust and respect among colleagues.

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a clinical ladder system in a tertiary hospital by examining how nurses' clinical competence and perceptions of the system affect organizational commitment.
Methods
The study involved 394 nurses working at a tertiary hospital. Data were collected from May 3 to July 10, 2023, using a self-reported questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Scheffé post-hoc test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 27.0.
Results
Nurses who applied for promotion to the CN III level and current CN III nurses reported higher clinical competence, perceptions of the clinical ladder system, and organizational commitment than those who did not and those at lower levels (p<.001). A positive correlation existed among all independent variables. Controlling for general characteristics, the effects of clinical competence and perceptions of the clinical ladder system explained 49% of organizational commitment variance (Adjusted R 2 =.49, F=33.43, p<.001).
Conclusion
Greater clinical competence and positive perceptions of the clinical ladder system are likely to enhance organizational commitment, emphasizing its effectiveness in fostering better organizational outcomes.

Purpose
This study aims to identify the moderating effect of nursing organizational culture on the relationship between resilience and clinical competence among new graduate nurses.
Methods
A survey was conducted from March 14 to July 14, 2023, targeting 210 new nurses with 3 to 12 months of experience, working in three general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Data from 193 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and hierarchical regression.
Results
The resilience of new graduate nurses was moderate and their clinical competence was rated as good. They perceived a strong hierarchy-oriented culture, followed by a relationship-oriented culture, an innovation-oriented culture, and lastly, a task-oriented culture. Clinical competence was higher with greater resilience (β=.40, p<.001) and stronger perception of hierarchy-oriented culture (β=.16, p=.013). The interaction between resilience and innovation-oriented culture (β=.22, p=.012) was statistically significant, indicating that the effect of resilience on clinical competence was significantly higher when the innovation-oriented culture was strongly perceived.
Conclusion
To improve the clinical competence of new graduate nurses, it is essential to enhance their personal resilience and, at an organizational level, to strengthen the positive aspects of hierarchy-oriented and innovation-oriented cultures.

Citations

• Resilience and Social Support Protect Nurses from Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in the Post-COVID-19 Era
  Aglaia Katsiroumpa, Ioannis Moisoglou, Ioanna V. Papathanasiou, Maria Malliarou, Pavlos Sarafis, Parisis Gallos, Olympia Konstantakopoulou, Fotios Rizos, Petros Galanis
  Healthcare.2025; 13(6): 582.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to explore the mediating role of organizational silence in the effect of leader-member exchange on patient safety culture among perioperative nurses.
Methods
This descriptive study surveyed 201 perioperative nurses from five university hospitals. Data were collected via online questionnaires from November 8, 2022, to February 6, 2023, measuring demographics, work-related factors, leader-member exchange, organizational silence, and patient safety culture. The Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS Macro model 4.
Results
Leader-member exchange showed a significant direct effect on patient safety culture (β=.44, p<.001). The indirect effect of leader-member exchange on patient safety culture through acquiescent silence was also significant (β=.05, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.13). The total effect of leader-member exchange on patient safety culture (β=.52, p<.001) was larger than its direct effect, indicating that acquiescent silence partially mediated the relationship between leader-member exchange and patient safety culture.
Conclusion
To improve perioperative nurses perception of patient safety culture, healthcare organizations should enhance leader-member exchange by promoting strong emotional connections and open communication between nurse managers and staff nurses. Additionally, encouraging autonomous decision-making and reducing acquiescent silence are essential to facilitate the active expression of patient safety concerns.

Purpose
This study examined the relationships between organizational silence, organizational commitment, organizational justice, and organizational citizenship behavior among clinical nurses. Additionally, it determined the mediating effect of organizational commitment moderated by organizational justice on the relationship between organizational silence and organizational citizenship behavior among clinical nurses.
Methods
A total of 160 clinical nurses were recruited from a university hospital. Data were collected from June to July, 2023. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Baron and Kenny’s three-step regression analysis, Hayes’ PROCESS macro model, and bootstrapping using SPSS/WIN 27.0 program.
Results
Organizational commitment had a full mediating effect on the relationship between organizational silence and organizational citizenship behavior (B=-0.04, CI [-0.098~-0.001]). Among the subscales of organizational justice, distributive justice had a moderating effect on the relationship between organizational silence and organizational commitment (B=-0.17, p=.009). There was no significant mediating effect of organizational commitment moderated by organizational justice on the relationship between organizational silence and organizational citizenship behavior.
Conclusion
Appropriate strategies are needed to effectively manage nursing personnel and improve nursing performance.

Purpose
This study identified the influence of self-leadership, managers’ authentic leadership, and nurses’ organizational culture relationships on hospital nurses‘organizational silence.
Methods
An explanatory sequential mixed-method study was conducted. For the quantitative portion, 138 nurses from seven hospitals participated. For the qualitative portion, ten nurses with high organizational silence scores were interviewed. Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 26.0. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis using NVivo 12.0.
Results
Quantitative results indicated that self-expectations and a relation-oriented culture explained 14.0% of the variance in acquiescent silence. The combined effect of rehearsal, constructive thought, and relational transparency associated with managers’ authentic leadership on prosocial silence was 15.0%. Qualitative results revealed eight primary themes related to organizational silence: 1) being unable to voice my opinion because I feel insignificant, 2) things that middle managers cannot say, 3) earnest managers, 4) receptive managers, 5) indifferent managers, 6) feeling of camaraderie, 7) selective silence based on performance, and 8) mandatory following of directives.
Conclusion
Programs to improve managers’ leadership skills and reduce hospital nurses’ organizational silence should be implemented consistently. Hospitals should strive to foster a positive and equitable organizational culture.

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the factors influencing nurses’ perceptions of the disclosure of patient safety incidents in tertiary hospitals.
Methods
As a descriptive study, data were collected from 315 nurses working in two tertiary hospitals in Busan via structured self-report questionnaires from June 28 to September 3, 2023, through an online survey. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 27.0.
Results
Analysis was conducted by controlling for the characteristics of the study participants, which revealed significant differences in their perceptions of the disclosure of patient safety incidents. Ethical nursing competence (β=.30, p<.001) and patient safety culture (β=.15, p=.012) were significant influencing factors on the perception of such disclosure, and the explanatory power of the regression model was 21.0% (F=14.63, p<.001).
Conclusion
To enhance the aforementioned perception among nurses in tertiary hospitals, healthcare institutions should provide learning opportunities to improve their ethical nursing competence. Fostering an organizational culture that promotes and encourages open disclosure of patient safety incidents is also essential.

Citations

• Impact of Nursing Professionalism, Ethical Sensitivity, and the Clinical Learning Environment on Nursing Students' Intention to Report Near Misses and Adverse Events
  Sookhee Yoon, Ha-Young Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2025; 32(2): 209.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing End-of-life Care Competency in Nursing Students
  Jinryung Park, Minjeong Seo
  Korean Journal of Medical Ethics.2024; 27(4): 267.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of positive psychological capital on the relationship between occupational stress and organizational commitment in physician assistant nurses.
Methods
The participants were 152 physician assistant nurses recruited from two university hospitals. Data was collected through a survey. The SPSS/WIN program (version 25.0) was used for the data analysis. Data was analyzed using descriptive stastics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression.
Results
There was a significant negative correlation organizational commitment and occupational stress (r=-.57, p<.001), and a positive correlation with positive psychological capital (r=.47, p<.001). There was a negative correlation (r=-.32, p<.001) between occupational stress and positive psychological capital. In addition, positive psychological capital had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and organizational commitment (β=.32, p<.001).
Conclusion
Positive psychological capital serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between occupational stress and organizational commitment among physician assistant nurses. The results of this study can be used reduce occupational stress and improve organizational commitment by improving the positive psychological capital of physician-assistant nurses.

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the effects of professional self-concept and nursing organizational culture on the intention of retention of older nurses over 40 years old by examining the relationships between such variables.
Methods
Middle-aged nurses who were currently involved in direct patient care and had at least one year of clinical experience were recruited from general hospitals. The questionnaires were administered to 137 middle-aged nurses in September 2022.
Results
The mean age of participants were 44.7±3.5 years, and more than 90% were married female nurses. The professional self-concept (β=.34, p<.001), work-life balance (β=.24, p=.007), satisfaction of work environment (β=.19, p=.024) significantly predicted the nurses’ intention of retention at work.
Conclusions
Based on these findings, nursing interventions enhancing professional self-concept are needed to increase middle-aged nurses’ intention of retention. The introduction of flexible work hour systems that improve nurses' satisfaction of working environments is also essential to increase the intention of retention in middle-aged nurses.

Purpose
This study used a structural model to identify organizational characteristics, such as work environment, nursing organizational culture, and manager leadership of general hospital nurses, and to examine the effect of organizational characteristics on turnover intention through organizational silence.
Methods
Data were collected from July 1, 2017 to August 30, 2017, using structured questionnaires. Participants were nurses in general hospitals with more than 250 beds and less than 500 beds in Busan City and Gyeongsangnam Province. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0.
Results
The nursing work environment, external employment opportunities, relationship-oriented culture, and acquiescent and defensive silence directly impacted turnover intention. Additionally, the nursing work environment and external employment opportunities indirectly affected turnover intention through acquiescent silence.
Conclusion
To lower general hospital nurses’ turnover intention, the external environment should be reviewed and continuously compared to provide a better internal nursing work environment. In addition, it is necessary to find a way to lower the acquiescent silence, which can negatively affect the organization, by creating a relationship-oriented culture that emphasizes the relationship between members.

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the influence of nursing organizational culture, nursing workplace spirituality, and nurses’ perceived health status on quality of nursing work life according to nursing clinical ladder at a tertiary hospital.
Methods
Participants were nurses working at a tertiary hospital in D city, and a total of 352 participants were recruited according to four stages of clinical experience: novice stage (below 1 year), advanced beginner stage (2~3 years), competent stage (4~6 years), and proficiency stage (above 7 years). Data were collected from February 7-February 16, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, and Multiple regression.
Results
There was statistically significant correlation between innovation-oriented nursing organizational culture, nursing workplace spirituality, nurses’ perceived health status and quality of nursing work life. In all clinical ladder stages, nursing work spirituality and nurses’ perceived health status were factors influencing the quality of nursing work life; innovation-oriented nursing organizational culture was an influencing factor in the novice, advanced beginner, and competent stage, but not the proficient stage.
Conclusion
To improve the quality of nursing work life, it is necessary to develop and apply practical programs that reflect nurses’ characteristics at each clinical ladder stage.

Citations

• Cluster of Speaking‐Up Behavior in Clinical Nurses and Its Association With Nursing Organizational Culture, Teamwork, and Working Condition: A Cross‐Sectional Study
  Eunhee Lee, Hyunjeong Kwon, Miyuki Takase
  Journal of Nursing Management.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
Turnover rates among nurses in South Korea are higher than those of other job groups, affecting hospital performance. This study clarified the mediating role of perceived organizational and supervisor support in the relationship between nurses’ organizational citizenship behavior and turnover intention.
Methods
This study involved a descriptive survey of 160 nurses working in two hospitals in S, South Korea. Data were analyzed using the Hayes PROCESS macro (Model 4) program, version 3.4.
Results
Organizational citizenship behavior was positively correlated with perceived organizational support and perceived supervisor support but negatively correlated with turnover intention. Perceived organizational support was positively correlated with perceived supervisor support. Additionally, perceived organizational and supervisor support were negatively correlated with turnover intention. The authors verified the mediating role of perceived organizational support in the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and turnover intention. However, the mediating role of perceived supervisor support was not confirmed.
Conclusion
The higher a nurse’s organizational citizenship behavior, the higher their perceived organizational support, which reduces turnover intention. High-quality nursing contributes to organizational performance; therefore, the nursing workforce should be carefully preserved.

Citations

• Measured nursing perception of the working environment through authentic leadership with technology support and OCB among Chinese public hospitals
  Abid Hussain, Wang Ruowei, Xu Xia, Shahida Kanwel, Shen Chunhong, Arif Jameel
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study examined hospital nurses’ perception of work-life balance, nursing work environment, nursing organizational culture, and job satisfaction before turnover, and compared differences in variables between current clinical nurses and non-clinical nurses.
Methods
This descriptive study involved 172 nurses with over six months experience, who changed jobs within the last 5 years in G Province. Data were collected from September 5th-22nd, 2022, and analyzed through independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS/WIN 25.0 program.
Results
Total work-life balance (t=3.85, p<.001), work-family balance (t=4.79, p<.001), work-leisure balance (t=2.96, p=.004), work-growth balance (t=3.01, p=.003), and overall work-life balance (t=2.95, p=.004) in work-life balance, the role of professionalism (r=2.05, p=.042) and interpersonal relationships (t=2.59, p=.011) in job satisfaction, the relationship-oriented nursing organizational culture (t=2.68, p=.008), and the nurse-doctor relationship within the nursing work environment (t=2.51, p=.013) were all significantly higher among current clinical nurses than non-clinical nurses.
Conclusion
Hospital-level interventions should be established and implemented to improve work-life balance, the relationship-oriented nursing organizational culture, and job satisfaction through interprofessional relationships to retain hospital nurses.

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the impact of nursing organizational culture and nursing practice environment on generational conflict in organization among hospital nurses. Methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional design. The participants consisted of 214 nurses working at two tertiary general hospitals, which were located in B city. Data were collected from January 15 to January 31, 2022, using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using IBM/SPSS 28.0 for Windows. Results: The mean generational conflict in organization was 2.60±0.74 points on a 5-point scale. Multiple regression indicated that the factors influencing generational conflict in organization included relation-oriented nursing organizational culture (β=-.29, p<.001), hierarch-oriented nursing organizational culture (β=-.29, p<.001), hierarch-oriented nursing organizational culture (β=.17, p=.006) and clinical career, and these variables explained 23.0% of generational conflict in organization. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that it is necessary to improve relation-oriented nursing organizational culture and avoid hierarch-oriented nursing organizational culture to decrease generational conflict in organization.

Citations

• The Effect of Work Value, Psychological Ownership and Nursing Working Environment on Intention of Retention in Hospital Nurses
  Ji Hey Kim, Yoon Ju Cho, So Eun Jang
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 62.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nursing Competence on Job Satisfaction across Career Stages
  Eun Young Oh, Mi Won Kim, Heon Ju Yoo, Seung Hee Choi, Sa Rang Lee, Chung Sook Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(3): 258.     CrossRef
• Workplace bullying among Korean registered nurses: A meta-aggregation of qualitative studies
  Eun-Jun Park, Hyunwook Kang, Ji Woon Ko
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(4): 450.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the effects of organizational silence and organizational justice on bullying among hospital nurses in their workplace. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted on 235 full-time nurses in Korea. Data were collected online using Google Docs from 14 June to 9 July 2021. Results: Nurses who were male, below 30 years of age, unmarried, had less than five years of clinical experience, had worked in special departments, and had no prior experience with workplace bullying were more vulnerable to workplace bullying than nurses with other characteristics. Workplace bullying of hospital nurses was positively correlated with their acquiescent silence and defensive silence, and negatively correlated with their procedural justice and interactional justice. Factors influencing workplace bullying of hospital nurses were defensive silence, bullying experience (have), distributive justice, acquiescent silence, gender (male), and marital status (single). These six variables explained 55% of workplace bullying in hospital nurses. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it could be concluded that nursing managers should keep organizational silence low, organizational justice high, and pay more attention to nurses who are vulnerable to bullying in their workplace.

Citations

• Development of the Hospital Nurses’ Silence Behavior Scale
  Soojin Chung, Jee-In Hwang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(2): 279.     CrossRef
• Effect of Leader-Member Exchange on Patient Safety Culture in Perioperative Nurses: The Mediating Role of Organizational Silence
  Nayeop Lee, Yoonju Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(5): 462.     CrossRef
• Influence of Clinical Nurses’ Organizational Silence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment Moderated by Organizational Justice
  Shin Ae Hwang, Haeyoung Min
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 416.     CrossRef
• Relationship between Ethical Climate, Workplace Bullying, and Turnover Intention of Hospital Nurses in Korea
  Mi-Aie Lee, Hyun Ju Park, Bonghwa Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 457.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to confirm the mediating effect of group efficacy in the relationship between transformational leadership and servant leadership of nursing managers recognized by new nurses and organizational socialization of new nurses. Methods: Survey data from 121 new nurses were analyzed. The independent variables were transformational and servant leaderships, the dependent variable was the organizational socialization, and the mediating variable was the collective efficacy. The mediating effect of group efficacy in the relationship between transformational leadership, servant leadership, and organizational socialization was analyzed by hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Furthermore, the Sobel test was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the pathway. Results: In the relationship between transformational leadership, servant leadership, and organizational socialization, the collective efficacy showed partial mediating effect. Conclusion: To promote organizational socialization of new nurses, it is necessary to organize a nursing delivery system or induce an organizational atmosphere that allows the employees to perform together effectively. It is believed that managers and nurses should work co-operatively and create a model system that helps them achieve their common goals that correspond with the aims, values, and beliefs of the organization.

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the influence of role conflict, head nurses’ super leadership and nursing organizational culture on organizational commitment among male nurses. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 221 male nurses who had worked for more than six months in university hospitals, general hospitals, and clinics. Data were collected using structured, self-administered questionnaires on role conflict, head nurse super leadership, nursing organizational culture, and organizational commitment. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis, independent t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and regression analysis. Results: Organizational commitment had a significant positive correlation with head nurse super leadership, innovation-oriented culture, and relation-oriented culture; however, it had a significant negative correlation with role conflict and task-oriented culture. Among the general characteristics, the significant factors influencing organizational commitment among male nurses were number of beds and departments. Furthermore, among the main variables, innovation-oriented culture, task-oriented culture, role conflict, and head nurse super leadership influenced organizational commitment. Conclusion: To increase male nurses’ organizational commitment, it is necessary to create an innovative organizational culture, reduce role conflicts, and improve head nurse super leadership.

Citations

• Organizational Culture and Resulting Leadership Behaviors: Empirical Evidence from Social Workers in Kuwait
  Hamad Adel Alaslawi
  Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership & Governance.2024; 48(5): 582.     CrossRef
• “I’d Rather Do It Single-Handed”—Nursing Students’ Struggles with Group Assignments: A Qualitative Study
  Aimei Mao, Pak-Leng Cheong, Iat-Kio Van, Hon-Lon Tam
  Education Sciences.2023; 13(10): 1053.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of team trust on the relationship between the authentic leadership of the nursing unit manager as perceived by the nurses and the nurses’ organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Methods: Data were collected from 276 nurses working over six months at a university hospital. The research model was designed based on the PROCESS Macro model 4 and analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 program. Results: The results show that authentic leadership and team trust had strong correlations with nurses’ organizational citizenship behavior. Nursing unit managers’ authentic leadership had a direct effect on team trust and organizational citizenship behavior. Team trust had a direct effect on organizational citizenship behavior. There was a mediation effect of team trust between authentic leadership and the organizational citizenship behavior of nurses. Conclusion: To increase team trust in nursing units, the institution should provide systematic support such as education and training program to enhance the authentic leadership of nursing unit managers.

Citations

• Influence of Self-leadership, Managers’ Authentic Leadership, and Nurses' Organizational Culture Relationships on Hospital Nurses’ Organizational Silence: A Mixed Method Study
  Hyun-Ju Lee, So-Young Kang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 404.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to construct and test a hypothetical model based on the Incivility Spiral model for identifying the factors of workplace incivility of nurses and determining if incivility evolve to bullying. Methods: The data were collected from nurses working at 9 hospitals in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Daejeon, Changwon, and Busan province from July 1 to August 15, 2019, using structured questionnaires. Finally, the data from 274 nurses were analyzed. Results: The goodness-of-fit of the hypothetical model was at a good level and 10 out of 13 hypotheses were supported. The workplace incivility was both directly and indirectly affected by anger tendency, leadership of head nurses, and communication competence and directly affected by civility culture. Each of the variables affecting workplace incivility was also found to be a significant factor indirectly affecting workplace bullying and workplace incivility was a factor directly affected on workplace bullying. The variables in this study accounted for 57% of workplace incivility and 65% of workplace bullying. Conclusion: In order to prevent workplace bullying, it is important to initially manage workplace incivility, and for this, clear standards and policies for workplace incivility should be prepared and utilized.

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate factors affecting the job embeddedness of clinical nurses. Methods: Participants were 204 nurses working in four general hospitals. Data were collected from September 3 to October 8, 2020 and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The mean scores for positive psychological capital, organizational justice, and job embeddedness were 3.31±0.38, 3.16±0.46, and 3.17±0.38, respectively. The job embeddedness of the participants had a positive correlation with optimism (r=.57, p<.001), hope (r=.56, p<.001), self-efficacy (r=.44, p<.001), and resilience (r=.38, p<.001) in the sub-factors of positive psychological capital. It also had a positive correlation with procedural (r=.58, p<.001), distributive (r=.52, p<.001), and interactional (r=.35, p<.001) justice in the sub-factors of organizational justice. The factors affecting nurses’ job embeddness were procedural justice, optimism, position, distributive justice, and hope. In addition, the explanatory power of the model was 60% (F=39.11, p<.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that to improve the job embeddedness, positive psychology-based coaching and counseling programs suitable for individual clinical nurses, organizational management through transparent procedures and objective and systematic distribution are needed. In addition, a position system suitable for the characteristics of a nursing organization is required.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Clinical Nurses’ Perception of Structural and Content Career Plateau
  Ji Hye Kim, Ji Yun Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(4): 534.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Job Embeddedness in Emergency Room Nurses: Focus on Positive Psychological Capital, Gratitude, and Anger Expression
  Sa Rang Joo, Mi-Jung Kang
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(4): 383.     CrossRef
• The impact of perceived organizational justice on young nurses’ job performance: a chain mediating role of organizational climate and job embeddedness
  Jiamei Song, Xindi Shi, Xiaojia Zheng, Guangli Lu, Chaoran Chen
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of emotional labor and work-life balance on the organizational commitment of nurses in comprehensive nursing care service wards. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed. Data collection was conducted for a total of 171 nurses in comprehensive nursing care service wards in two H university hospitals in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from March 5 to 30, 2021 using questionnaires on topics including emotional labor, work-life balance, organizational commitment, and general characteristics. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Organizational commitment was influenced by working experience in current unit, future work plan, emotional modulation efforts in profession, patient-focused emotional suppression, and work-life balance. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that in order to increase organizational commitment, it is important to support organizational efforts and systems such as an emotional management program that can strengthen the positive aspects of emotional labor, and leisure activities and childcare support programs that can improve work-life balance.

Citations

• Impact of Emotional Labor and Positive Psychological Capital on the Turnover Intention of Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19: A Descriptive Survey Study
  Mira Kwon, Yeoungsuk Song, Majd T. Mrayyan
  Journal of Nursing Management.2024; 2024: 1.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to identify the effects of nursing work environment, job crafting and organizational commitment on nurses’ job satisfaction perceived by nurses Methods: The research model was designed based on Hayes’s PROCESS macro model 6. Participants were 122 nurses from general hospitals. A survey was conducted and data were collected in March 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations and Hayes's PROCESS macro method for mediation. Results: Job satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation with the nursing work environment, job crafting and organizational commitment. Furthermore, job crafting and organizational commitment had a mediating effect on the relationship between the nursing work environment and job satisfaction. Conclusion: The impact of the nursing work environment on job satisfaction among general hospital nurses was mediated by job crafting and organizational commitment. Considering the mediating effects of job crafting and organizational commitment on the relationship between nursing work environment and job satisfaction, a strategy should be developed for enhancing job crafting and organizational commitment to improve nurses’ working environments and, thus, their job satisfaction.

Citations

• Effect of a Nursing Practice Environment, Nursing Performance on Retention Intention: Focused on the Mediating Effects of Nursing Professional Pride
  Shin Hee Kim, Mi Sook Oh, Yun Bok Kwak
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(1): 64.     CrossRef
• Hemşireler İçin Ekip İş Becerikliliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması
  Oya Çelebi Çakıroğlu, Gamze Tunçer Ünver, Naile Boduç
  Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi.2024; 11(2): 260.     CrossRef
• Affecting factors of clinical dental hygienists’ intention on retention
  Hye-Jin Lee, Hee-Hong Min
  Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2024; 24(1): 27.     CrossRef
• Nurses Job Crafting
  Sabrein Mahmoud Ali Khalifa Khattab, Marwa Samir Sorour, Sally Mohammed Farghaly Abdelaliem
  JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration.2023; 53(12): 641.     CrossRef
• Effects of Clinical Nurses’ Job Crafting on Organizational Effectiveness Based on Job Demands-Resource Model
  Eun Young Lee, Eungyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(1): 129.     CrossRef
• Effects of Job Crafting, Burnout, and Job Satisfaction on Nurses' Turnover Intention: A Path Analysis
  Mihee Chung, Sujeong Han
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(2): 281.     CrossRef
• Concept Analysis of Nurses’ Job Crafting
  Sujeong Han, Eunha Jeong
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(3): 375.     CrossRef
• Association of Job Crafting and Perception of Patient Safety Culture with Patient Safety Management Activities among Hospital Nurses
  Jung Sook Kim, Ji-Soo Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(4): 382.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the effects of preceptors' teaching behavior, resilience, and organizational socialization on new graduate nurses' intention to stay. Methods: Data were collected from 167 new graduate nurses working at a university hospital for a period of three months to one year and analyzed using SPSS 24.0, PROCESS Macro ver. 3.5. Results: The results show that preceptors' teaching behavior, resilience, and organizational socialization had strong correlations with new graduate nurses' intention to stay. Preceptors' teaching behavior directly affected new graduate nurses' resilience and intention to stay. However, the results showed that preceptors' teaching behavior did not affect organizational socialization. Resilience directly affected organizational socialization and intention to stay, and had a simple mediation effect between preceptors' teaching behavior and intention to stay. Moreover, resilience and organizational socialization were found to be significant mediators between preceptors' teaching behavior and intention to stay. Conclusion: The results suggest that preceptors' teaching behavior is a key factor that strengthens new graduate nurses' intention to stay, as it promotes successful organizational socialization by improving their resilience and helping them overcome transition shock.

Citations

• Personal and Workplace Characteristics as Predictors of Intent‐To‐Stay Among Registered Nurses: An Exploratory Quantitative Multicentre Study
  Ming Marcus Chua, Wei How Darryl Ang, An Ling Siew, Hui‐Chen Chen
  Journal of Advanced Nursing.2025; 81(6): 3045.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing preceptor nurses' clinical teaching behavior: A cross-sectional study
  Kyeong Hye Kim, Sujin Shin
  Nurse Education Today.2025; 146: 106555.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Newly Graduated Nurses' Perceived Nursing Practice Readiness, Resilience, and Preceptors' Teaching Behavior on Turnover Intention
  Jinhee Kim, Eunhee Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(2): 167.     CrossRef
• Evaluating Burnout and Resiliency in New Graduate Nurses
  Bryce Catarelli, Patrick Nobles, Michael Aull, Fan Yi
  JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration.2023; 53(5): 259.     CrossRef
• Effects of Preceptors’ Clinical Teaching Behavior on the Field Adaptation of New Graduate Nurses: Mediating Effects of Self-Leadership and Resilience
  Eunjung Kim, Eungyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 577.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nursing Unit Managers’ Authentic Leadership, Transformational Leadership, and Transactional Leadership on Turnover Intention in Advanced Beginner Nurses: Mediation Effects of Positive Psychological Capital
  Eun Jeong Kim, Eungyung Kim, Son Ja Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 409.     CrossRef
• Development and Preliminary Evaluation of the Effects of a Preceptor Reflective Practice Program: A Mixed-Method Research
  Heui-Seon Kim, Hye-Won Jeong, Deok Ju, Jung-A Lee, Shin-Hye Ahn
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(21): 13755.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study investigated patient safety culture, safety knowledge, incident reporting attitude, and safety nursing activities, and determined the factors influencing nurses’ safety nursing activities at a nationally designated infectious disease hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with 169 nurses. Data analysis, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 26.0. Results: Factors influencing safety nursing activities included patient safety culture (β=.26, t=2.39, p=.018), safety knowledge (β=.25, t=2.67, p=.009), and mild severity (β=.17, t=2.52, p=.013). These variables explained 31.0% of the safety nursing activities. Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to establish an organizational culture that emphasizes patient safety by establishing safety management regulations for quarantined patients and provision of education on patient safety for employees to empower them to respond to emerging infectious diseases. Additionally, it is essential to operate given the patient’s severity and to increase knowledge about patient safety through regular education based on quarantine facilities and environmental management regulations.

Citations

• Exploring research trends in nursing organizational culture using topic modeling
  Eun-Jun Park, Chan Sook Park
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2024; 30(4): 371.     CrossRef
• Risk Factors for Falls or Fractures in Stroke Patients: An Analysis of 2020 Patient Sample Data
  Miso Lee, Mikyung Moon
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2024; 27(1): 58.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between career management, organizational justice, and job rotation attitude among tertiary hospital nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. The participants were 195 nurses with more than one year of experience working at tertiary care hospitals. Data was collected with self-reported questionnaires from April to May 2018. Data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 25.0 for windows including descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score of career management of participants was 3.14±0.49 (range 1~5), organizational justice was 2.95±0.53 (range 1~5), and job rotation attitude was 4.02±0.97 (range 1~7). There were significant positive correlations among the participants' career management, organizational justice, and job rotation attitude. 37% of job rotation attitude was explained by position, organizational justice, career management, and the frequency of job rotation experience in the regression model. Conclusion: This study provided the empirical evidence that it is necessary to improve the perception of organizational justice, and to establish a systematic job rotation in order for nurses to positively recognize job rotation.

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the effect of a job crafting intervention program for hospital nurses to confirm the effect on the organizational commitment of clinical nurses, and their embeddedness and organizational well-being in the workplace. Methods: The study used a non-equivalent control group pre-test and post-test design, which included 68 nurses working at a general hospital. The job crafting intervention program was held for a total of 5 weeks from May 27 to June 27, 2019, and the program lasted for 2 weeks including 2 h each. The program effectiveness was assessed through a self-reporting survey of program participants 2 weeks prior to application, 2 weeks after application, and 6 weeks after application. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, chi-squared test, independent t-test, and repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance using the SPSS 26.0 for Windows. Results: Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups regarding job crafting (F=6.20, p=.003), task crafting (F=8.37, p<.001), cognitive crafting (F=6.29, p=.003), embeddedness (F=8.49, p<.001), and organizational well-being (F=4.90, p=.009). Conclusion: The job crafting intervention program can be actively utilized to induce efficient nursing staff management in hospitals, expanding it into hospital nurse's work area and developing nurse's job crafting further.

Citations

• Job crafting, positive psychological capital, and social support as predictors of job embeddedness on among clinical nurses- a structural model design
  Mi-Soon Yun, Miyoung Lee, Eun-Hi Choi
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Clinical Nurses’ Job Crafting on Organizational Effectiveness Based on Job Demands-Resource Model
  Eun Young Lee, Eungyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(1): 129.     CrossRef
• Concept Analysis of Nurses’ Job Crafting
  Sujeong Han, Eunha Jeong
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(3): 375.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was done to identify the effect of the nurses practice environment and organizational justice on organizational silence in nurses. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used. Participants were 162 nurses in general hospitals. Measurements included the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, the Organizational Justice Scale, and Organizational Silence Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN program. Results: Nurses' organizational silence, nurses practice environment and organizational justice were correlated, and the influence of social networking, marital status, education level and interactive justice on acquiescence silence were 21% and statistically significant. The effect of work units, work experience and procedural justice on defensive silence were 20%, and the effect of education level and procedural justice on prosocial silence were 12% and statistically significant. Conclusion: Interaction justice affected the Acquiescent silence, and procedural justices affected the defensive silence and prosocial silence. Therefore, nursing managers should improve their organizational culture so that the procedural justices that focus on the process of distributing compensation results and the interaction justice that focuses on fair treatment among members can be recognized by nurses. Then nurses can be encouraged to actively engage and express their opinions about the organization.

Citations

• Influence of Clinical Nurses’ Organizational Silence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment Moderated by Organizational Justice
  Shin Ae Hwang, Haeyoung Min
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 416.     CrossRef
• Effect of Leader-Member Exchange on Patient Safety Culture in Perioperative Nurses: The Mediating Role of Organizational Silence
  Nayeop Lee, Yoonju Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(5): 462.     CrossRef
• Influence of Self-leadership, Managers’ Authentic Leadership, and Nurses' Organizational Culture Relationships on Hospital Nurses’ Organizational Silence: A Mixed Method Study
  Hyun-Ju Lee, So-Young Kang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 404.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Clinical Nurses’ Perception of Structural and Content Career Plateau
  Ji Hye Kim, Ji Yun Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(4): 534.     CrossRef
• Assessment of nurses’ workplace silence behaviour motives: A cross-sectional study
  Hanadi Mohammed Alhojairi, Naglaa Abdelaziz Mahmoud Elseesy, Sabah Mahmoud Mahran, Maram Ahmed Banakhar, Fatmah Alsharif
  International Journal of Nursing Sciences.2024; 11(5): 553.     CrossRef
• Effects of Organizational Silence and Organizational Justice on Bullying among Hospital Nurses at Work
  Mi-Aei Lee, Bi-Joo Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Effect of Ethical Leadership on Nurses’ Organizational Silence: The Mediating Role of Organizational Justice
  Jiachen She, Ruixing Zhang, Yanan Li, Yongxia Mei, Hongfeng Li, Malakeh Malak
  Journal of Nursing Management.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
• العلاقة بين العدالة التنظيمية والصمت التنظيمي للعاملين: دراسة تطبيقية
  أماني موسى عبدالجليل
  مجلة ابن خلدون للدراسات والأبحاث.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Influence of Speaking Up Climate, Psychological Safety, Organizational Learning Culture, and Supervisor Support for Patient Safety on Clinical Nurses’ Silence Behavior
  Hyunju Ji, Seung Eun Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(3): 388.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to build a hypothetical model and verify the validity among variables that influence the organizational socialization of nursing students. Methods: Data collection was conducted from fourth year nursing students to whom questionnaires were distributed from June 18 to July 28, 2019. Of the questionnaires 320 were returned. Thirty questionnaires were not returned and 19 questionnaires with insufficient answers were excluded. For final analysis 301 questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS/WIN version 24.0 and AMOS version 24.0.
Results
The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data. The goodness-of-fit of the study model was x ² =522.672, df=284, p<.001, CFI=0.91, TLI=0.90, IFI=0.91, RMR=0.03, and RMSEA=0.05. The factors influencing nursing students’ organizational socialization were self-leadership and clinical practice competency. The factors influencing nursing students’ nursing core competencies were self-leadership and clinical practice competency. Conclusion: A professional nurse should be competent and competency can be improved by experiencing theoretical education and clinical practice education which are formal courses in nursing education. The study results suggest that developing and applying various teaching strategies and other programs along with the curriculum can increase organizational socialization in nursing students.

Citations

• Effects of Career Anchors on Nursing Students’ Professional Self-concept and Work Values
  Jae Woo Oh, Ji Ah Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(4): 435.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effect of self-leadership and shared leadership in the relationship between work-life balance and organizational socialization among hospital nurses. Methods: Survey data from 159 nurses in 5 general hospitals were analyzed. The independent variable was work-life balance, the dependent variable, organizational socialization, and the leadership parameters were self-leadership and shared leadership. The hypothesis was tested using the maximum likelihood method (ML) to analyze the covariate structure. For statistical significance of the direct and indirect effects of the hypothetical model, bootstrapping was used. Results: In the relationship between work-life balance and organizational socialization, self-leadership had no mediating effect, but shared leadership showed complete mediation. Conclusion: Individuals should strive to maintain work-life balance through health management and role-sharing, and organizations should analyze factors that hinder work-life balance and present policies to reduce them. In addition, to improve shared leadership, positive interactions are required, such as sharing problems, collecting opinions, and functioning as a positive role model among members of the organization.

Citations

• Effects of Shared Leadership and Communication Competence on Nursing Team Effectiveness in Comprehensive Nursing Service Units: Focusing on the Team Nursing System
  Hye Jin Kim, Eunjoo Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(2): 143.     CrossRef
• Impact of positive psychological capital and shared leadership on nurses’ organizational well-being: a descriptive survey study
  HyunJoo Lee, Dong-Hee Kim, Yujin Kim
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef