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Original Articles

The Influence of Clinical Practice Nurses' Self-Leadership, Role Conflict, and Practice Environment on Patient Safety Competency
Jeong Hwa Heo, Ji Hyun Sung
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2025;31(4):458-468.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2025.0018
Purpose
This study aimed to examine the relationships among self-leadership, role conflict, practice environment, and patient safety competency, and to identify factors influencing patient safety competency in clinical practice nurses. Methods: A total of 152 clinical practice nurses from four university hospitals participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed to identify key predictors of patient safety competency. Results: Patient safety competency was positively associated with self-leadership, the practice environment, and the presence of regular educational programs tailored for clinical practice nurses. Self-leadership and the practice environment were identified as significant predictors, explaining 30% of the variance in patient safety competency. Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of fostering self-leadership and enhancing the practice environment to improve patient safety competency among clinical practice nurses. Tailored education and training programs aimed at strengthening self-leadership skills should be developed. Additionally, organizational efforts to optimize the clinical practice environment are essential to support safe and effective nursing practice.
  • 998 View
  • 54 Download
Purpose
This study investigated the effects of newly graduated nurses’ perceived readiness for nursing practice, resilience, and preceptors’ teaching behaviors on turnover intention.
Methods
A survey was conducted among 168 newly graduated nurses between August 7 and 31, 2023. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis.
Results
The factors that significantly affected turnover intention included preceptors' teaching behavior (β=-.29, p=.001) and resilience (β=-.21, p=.026). This model explained 32.0% of the variance.
Conclusion
Newly graduated nurses’ resilience and their initial training environment are key factors influencing turnover intention. Therefore, nursing managers should develop strategies to enhance the resilience of newly graduated nurses and improve training systems. Additionally, efforts should be made to promote positive teaching behaviors among the educators responsible for training newly graduated nurses.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Perceptions on Fixed Night Shift System and Turnover Intention of General Hospital Nurses
    Mi-Aie Lee, Hye-Jin Cho, Sung-Hee Ahn, Hyo-Ju Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2015; 21(5): 519.     CrossRef
  • 3,235 View
  • 201 Download
  • 1 Crossref
Purpose
This study aims to find ways to reduce the reality shock of newly graduated nurses by exploring the relationship between nursing practice readiness, social support from clinical nurse educators, and reality shock.
Methods
From August 24 to September 13, 2023, data were collected from 134 newly graduated nurses with less than 12 months of clinical experience, who were trained by clinical nurse educators at one general hospital and two tertiary hospitals in I City and G Province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 28.0 program.
Results
Reality shock was negatively correlated with nursing practice readiness (r=-.50, p<.001) and social support (r=-.19, p=.03), while nursing practice readiness was positively correlated with social support (r=.37, p<.001). Nursing practice readiness was identified as a significant predictor of reality shock in newly graduated nurses (β=-.46, p<.001), accounting for 31% of the variance in reality shock (F=18.82, p<.001).
Conclusion
To alleviate the reality shock of newly graduated nurses, it is important to improve their practice readiness and ensure systematic, continuous education for clinical nurse educators.
  • 1,216 View
  • 55 Download
Nursing Students‘Perception of Injustice in Clinical Practice
Hye Young Cho, Kyoung Ah Kang
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2023;29(4):433-445.   Published online September 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2023.29.4.433
Purpose
This study explores nursing students’ perception and experience of injustice in clinical practice and to devise ways to improve the quality and increase satisfaction with clinical practice.
Methods
This study was conducted from December 9-28, 2021 among 22 nursing students with clinical practice experience attending two universities in Jeollabuk-do. Focus group interviews were used for collecting data that were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results
A total of four main analysis units were derived from 220 statements comprising, the original data, and 30 concepts were identified through 112 meaningful statements. The injustice that nursing students perceived during clinical practice consisted of four categories: ‘not respected,’ ‘not guaranteed safety,’ ‘not protected by the system,’ ‘not resolved structural problems in clinical practice.’ Each category was derived from a statement based on the 'injustice in clinical practice' perceived by nursing students in the course of clinical practice.
Conclusion
To maintain quality in clinical practice and promote nursing students’ satisfaction with clinical practice, continuous problem analysis and multilateral efforts of clinical and educational institutions are considered necessary.
  • 691 View
  • 14 Download
Factors Affecting Political Competency of Advanced Practice Nurses
Wooyeong Park, Taewha Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2023;29(3):246-257.   Published online June 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2023.29.3.246
Purpose
This descriptive correlation study was designed to identify the job characteristics of advanced practice nurses (APNs) and the degree of nursing professionalism as factors influencing the political competency of APNs. Additionally, the relationship between these two factors and political competency was analyzed.
Methods
Data were collected through an online survey of 118 APNs from June 16 to September 16, 2021. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé ́’s test, Pearson’s correlation, and a multiple regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 25.0.
Results
Statistically significant differences were noted in the political competency of APNs based on age, workplace, position, experience as an APN, political education, and political party membership. Furthermore, political competency positively correlated with job characteristics and nursing professionalism. The factors affecting the political competency of APNs included skill variety, workplace, political education, political party membership, and nursing professionalism.
Conclusion
Findings of this study confirmed the importance of the political competency of APNs. Furthermore, policy efforts to promote independent job development reflecting the job characteristics of APNs and improvement in nursing professionalism are required, and support from professional nursing organizations is needed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Enhancing political competency among nurses and nursing students: A scoping review
    Min Kyoung Han, Jeonghyun Kim, Minjae Lee, Sujin Shin
    Nurse Education in Practice.2025; 87: 104497.     CrossRef
  • 1,097 View
  • 27 Download
  • 1 Crossref
A Systematic Content Analysis of the Closed Nursing Malpractice Claims Related to Patients’ Safety
Hea Kung Hur, Ki Kyong Kim, Ji Soo Jung
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2023;29(2):99-108.   Published online March 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2023.29.2.99
Purpose
The study aimed to classify patient safety accident and nursing malpractice types through a content analysis of litigation cases in which nurses were found guilty.
Methods
Data on malpractice cases were collected from the official website of the Korean judiciary. This analysis was conducted in stages according to the systematic content analysis method. A total of 46 cases consisting of 14 criminal cases and 32 civil cases were selected for analysis, and classified based on the types of safety accident and nursing malpractice.
Results
Eleven categories and 14 subcategories of accidents were extracted from 71 significant statements. The 11 categories of accidents consisted of falls, medication, burns, treatment, diet, medical equipment, delivery, exams, surgery, infection, and suicide. Five categories and 14 subcategories of nursing malpractice were extracted from 71 significant statements. The five categories of malpractice were as follows: failure to take affirmative action to prevent accidents, monitor, follow guidelines, use equipment properly, and reports.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the importance of nurses’ independent roles as patients’ safety managers. It can be used as primary data to develop organizational and educational support for nurses seeking to perform their professional roles in ensuring patient safety.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of Discussion-Based Legality-Focused Nursing Record Education on Nursing Students’ Knowledge, Self-Confidence, and Nursing Record Performance
    Dohye Kim, Kyoungrim Kang, Jeongyeong Jeon
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2025; 32(1): 14.     CrossRef
  • Influencing Factors of Coping Strategies in Mothers of High‐Risk Newborns: Perceived Stress and Nursing Support
    Jung‐A Kim, Hye‐Young Jang
    International Journal of Nursing Practice.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development of Guidelines for the Delegation of Nursing Tasks in Integrated Nursing Care Service
    Yeojin Yi, Haena Lim, Ji-Mee Kim, Jung-Hee Song
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(2): 114.     CrossRef
  • Characteristics of Nursing-related Patient Safety Incidents and Qualitative Content Analysis: Secondary data Analysis of Medical Litigation Judgment (2014~ 2018)
    Min-Ji Kim, Won Lee, Sang-Hee Kim, So-Yoon Kim
    Quality Improvement in Health Care.2023; 29(2): 15.     CrossRef
  • 2,919 View
  • 142 Download
  • 4 Crossref
Influence of Nursing Practice Readiness and Resilience on the Nursing Performance among New Nurses
Hae Ok Kim, Mun Hee Nam, Yo Na Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2022;28(4):352-360.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2022.28.4.352
Purpose
This study investigated the influence of nursing practice readiness and, resilience on the nursing performance of new nurses. Methods: Participants were 234 new nurses with 6-24 months of working experience at the wards in university and general hospitals in the B area and C areas. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS/Win 24.0, and frequency percentage, mean, and standard deviation were calculated, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses were performed, and the variable selection method was set as stepwise. Results: Nursing performance significantly differed by weekly job-related education (Z=10.01, p=.007) and salary satisfaction (Z=13.04, p=.001). The nursing performance of new nurses was positively correlated with nursing practice (r=.70, p<.001) and resilience (r=.51, p<.001). The significant predictors of nursing performance were nursing practice readiness (β=.61, p<.001), resilience (β=.16, p=.003), and job training hours (β=.11, p=.02). The explanatory power of these factors was 52.0% of the variance. Conclusion: To enhance the nursing performance of new nurses, it is necessary to improve nursing practice readiness, provide job training, and strengthen resilience. In addition, it is necessary to support programs at the institutional level for nursing performance.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Readiness for Practice among Senior Nursing Students in South Korea: A Cross-sectional Study
    Jihye Kim, Kyungmi Lee, Hye Suk Jun
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(1): 54.     CrossRef
  • The Moderating Effect of Nursing Organizational Culture on the Relationship between Resilience and Clinical Competence of New Graduate Nurses
    Hanna Lee, Eun-Jun Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(5): 483.     CrossRef
  • Assessing Needs for Practical Training in Intensive Care Unit to Enhance Nursing Education: A Focus Group Interview
    Sunah Park, Bokyoung Kim
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(2): 55.     CrossRef
  • Nursing practice readiness improvement program tailored for newly graduated registered nurses: A quasi-experimental study
    Eun A Kim, Ji Sun Lee, Young Sook Bong, Eun Hee Jang, Yang Hwa Lim, Jung Ah Kim, Nan Song
    Nurse Education Today.2024; 133: 106077.     CrossRef
  • The factors influencing the nursing practice readiness of new graduate nurses
    Mi Young Kim
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(4): 395.     CrossRef
  • 1,016 View
  • 54 Download
  • 5 Crossref
Expectation of Medical Personnel for the Roles of the Physician Assistants in a University Hospital
Mi Jung Ryu, Mina Park, Joungohn Shim, Eunsung Lee, Insun Yeom, Young Mi Seo
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2022;28(1):31-42.   Published online January 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2022.28.1.31
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to clearly classify the roles of Physician assistants and to identify obstacle factors and necessary factors for the operation of the system when they are performing the roles of Physician assistants. Methods: This is a descriptive research study to analyze the roles of Physician assistants and to understand the expected roles of Physician assistants according to each medical personnel (doctor, nurse, Physician assistants). Results: The obstacles to work are the lack of legal protection, and unclear work guidelines, and the matter necessary for the operation of the system is the legal protection. There were statistically significant differences in health collection ability, physical examination, drug response monitoring, and reporting in terms of the differences in role expectations considered by medical professionals regarding the roles of Physician assistants. Conclusion: Physician assistants need to develop various educational programs and materials, cultivate the ability to perform Physician assistants, and develop an advisory role through effective problem-solving between departments and increase the quality and satisfaction of Nursing care.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Legislation of Medical Support Tasks in the Nursing Act as a Foundation for Nursing Professionalism and Role Expansion
    Su Jung Choi
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2025; 37(2): 69.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of Clinical Practice Nurses' Self-Leadership, Role Conflict, and Practice Environment on Patient Safety Competency
    Jeong Hwa Heo, Ji Hyun Sung
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(4): 458.     CrossRef
  • Lessons from the US Advanced Practice Registered Nurse system
    Eun-Ok Im, Dongmi Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(4): 492.     CrossRef
  • Experiences of Patients and Their Families Receiving Medical Services Provided by Advanced Practice Nurses at Tertiary General Hospitals
    Mi-Kyeong Jeon, Su Jung Choi, Ji Eun Han, Eun Kyung Kwon, Jeong Hee Park, Jeong Hye Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(4): 594.     CrossRef
  • Legal and Practical Solutions for the Expanding the Roles of Medical Support Staff Nurses
    Su Jung Choi, Min Young Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 300.     CrossRef
  • Reflections on the Prospects of Korean Advanced Practice Nurses : Based on Flexner’s Professional Characteristics
    Eun Mi Kim, Su Jung Choi
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 1.     CrossRef
  • Development of Core Competency Scale for clinical nursing student educators
    Hyun Sook Park, Eun Hee Choi, Gyung Duck Kim, Young Hee Kim, Mi Yang Jeon, Hyenam Hwang
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(4): 345.     CrossRef
  • 1,377 View
  • 63 Download
  • 7 Crossref
A Structural Equation Model on Organizational Socialization of Nursing Students
Myung-Hee Kwak, Sung-Bok Kwon
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2021;27(2):96-106.   Published online March 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2021.27.2.96
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to build a hypothetical model and verify the validity among variables that influence the organizational socialization of nursing students. Methods: Data collection was conducted from fourth year nursing students to whom questionnaires were distributed from June 18 to July 28, 2019. Of the questionnaires 320 were returned. Thirty questionnaires were not returned and 19 questionnaires with insufficient answers were excluded. For final analysis 301 questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS/WIN version 24.0 and AMOS version 24.0.
Results
The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data. The goodness-of-fit of the study model was x 2 =522.672, df=284, p<.001, CFI=0.91, TLI=0.90, IFI=0.91, RMR=0.03, and RMSEA=0.05. The factors influencing nursing students’ organizational socialization were self-leadership and clinical practice competency. The factors influencing nursing students’ nursing core competencies were self-leadership and clinical practice competency. Conclusion: A professional nurse should be competent and competency can be improved by experiencing theoretical education and clinical practice education which are formal courses in nursing education. The study results suggest that developing and applying various teaching strategies and other programs along with the curriculum can increase organizational socialization in nursing students.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of Career Anchors on Nursing Students’ Professional Self-concept and Work Values
    Jae Woo Oh, Ji Ah Song
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(4): 435.     CrossRef
  • 786 View
  • 22 Download
  • 1 Crossref
Purpose
This study was conducted to identify the influences of critical thinking disposition and perceived nurse managers' leadership style on nurses' competency with evidence based practice in hospitals.
Methods
The participants were 147 nurses working in two university hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected during February and March in 2017 and were analyzed with Multiple Regression Analysis using SPSS/WIN 18.0.
Results
The most influential factor on nurses' competency of evidence based practice was critical thinking disposition (β=.55, p<.001), followed by transformation (β=.20, p=.011) which together explained their competency of evidence based practice up to 53.0%.
Conclusion
It is necessary to develop intervention programs and curriculum to enhance competence for nurses. It is also necessary to draw plans to develop nursing managers’ transformational leadership. Therefore not only clinical nurses but also throughout the organization, strategies and curriculums should be developed to help nurses perform evidence based practice.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The associations of grit, self-leadership, and followership with competency in evidence-based practice among nurses in Korea: a descriptive correlational study
    Ha-young Kim, Jin-il Kim
    Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2025; 27(2): 244.     CrossRef
  • Association between Nurses’ Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture, Willingness to Report Near Misses, Critical Thinking Disposition, and Nursing Care Activities for Patient Safety
    Da Eun Lee, Bo Gyeong Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 283.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Length of Employment and Head Nurse Leadership Style on the Clinical Competency of Staff Nurses in Taiwan
    Yu-Wen LIN, Chung-Fan NI, Shu-Fen HSU, Shiow-Luan TSAY, Heng-Hsin TUNG
    Journal of Nursing Research.2024; 32(3): e331.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Nursing Students’ Competencies Who Participated in Simulation Training on Competency with Evidence-based Practice
    Yeon Jeong Su
    Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2024; 12(1): 33.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Job Crafting on Evidence-Based Practical Skills of Dental Hygienists
    Min-ji Kim, Kyu-ri Kim, Yun-ji Kim, Seo-yeon Im, You-bin Cho, Ru-by Choi, Hee-jung Lim
    Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2023; 23(4): 330.     CrossRef
  • The Leadership Experience of Advanced Practice Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital Setting : Focus Group Interview
    Eun Sook Kim, Nayeon Kim, Su Jung Choi, Nari Kim, Young Hee Kim, Jung Yoon Lee, Eun-Hye Kim
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 48.     CrossRef
  • Validity and Reliability of a Korean Version of the ConCom Safety Management Scale
    Mi Young Kwon, Nam Yi Kim
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(23): 12514.     CrossRef
  • 1,386 View
  • 76 Download
  • 7 Crossref
Development of Korea version of the Practice Environment Scale for Advanced Practice Registered Nurses
Mi Jung Ryu, Woo Young Young, Eun Hee Hee
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2020;26(2):160-171.   Published online March 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2020.26.2.160
Purpose
To develop a Korean version of the practice environment scale that can verify the practice environment of advanced practice registered nurses (APRN) by verifying the validity and reliability of the Nurse practitioner's primary care organizational climate questionnaire developed by Poghosyan et al.
Methods
After translation using a committee approach and an expert group’s verification of the content validity, items were classified as 'professional visibility', 'APRN-administration relations', 'APRN-physician relations', 'independent practice and support' A total of 29 questionnaire items were developed for the four factors. Data were collected from 200 advanced practice registered nurses working at two advanced general hospitals and six general hospitals.
Results
In the confirmatory factor analysis, CFI, TLI, and RMSR evaluation indices were appropriate except for RMSEA. Partial validity was shown in convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the questions were well organized with four factors. Cronbach's ⍺ of the whole instrument was .93.
Conclusion
As a first attempt to measure the practice environment of the APRN in Korea, the results show that this questionnaire provides basic data for correct role setting and improvement of practice environment. This research will ultimately serve as a basis for cost-effective quality care.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of Role Conflict, Work Environment, and Meaning of Work on Job Embeddedness among Physician Assistants
    Kwang Hoon Seo, Tae Yeong Yang, Nam Gyu Park, Jung Eun Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 249.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of Clinical Practice Nurses' Self-Leadership, Role Conflict, and Practice Environment on Patient Safety Competency
    Jeong Hwa Heo, Ji Hyun Sung
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(4): 458.     CrossRef
  • Development and validation of a quality of healthy work environment instrument for shift nurses
    Sun-Hwa Shin, Eun-Hye Lee
    BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Job Roles of the Physician Assistants Working in the Surgical Departments of Tertiary Hospitals in Korea: Content Analysis
    Hyun Sook Lim, Hyang-In Cho Chung, Kyung Joo Choi
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(2): 155.     CrossRef
  • 1,116 View
  • 44 Download
  • 4 Crossref
Factors Influencing Intentional Rounding Performance of Tertiary General Hospital Nurses
Jaeseon Han, Yunhee Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2019;25(5):437-447.   Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2019.25.5.437
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of perceptions of patient rounding, self-leadership and nursing organization culture on intentional rounding performance.
METHODS
The participants for this study were 210 nurses who had the experience of patient rounding care in general hospitals in B and Y cities. Data were collected from February 5th to 22nd, 2018. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ² test, and independent t-test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing intentional rounding performance.
RESULTS
It was found that intentional rounding performance was carried out by 20.0% of the day shift nurses, 18.1% of the evening shift nurses, and 19.5% of the night shift nurses. The significant factors influencing intentional rounding performance were the recommended rounding time interval in wards and the use of rounding protocol in the wards (p < .050).
CONCLUSION
It is expected that nurses will be able to provide more advanced and efficient patient rounding by promising a systematic patient rounding time for intentional rounding and developing appropriate protocols for each ward.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Introducing and applying an intentional rounding program for nursing students in adult nursing practicum: Process and outcomes
    Heejung Choi, Jong Sun Ok, Eun-Young Noh, Young Hye Song, Jin Yi Choi
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2025; 31(3): 223.     CrossRef
  • Associations of perceptions of patient safety culture, job crafting, and perceptions of patient rounding with patient safety management activities among tertiary hospital nurses
    Saet-Byeol Kim, Yun-Hee Kim
    Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2024; 26(3): 259.     CrossRef
  • Development of an intentional rounding protocol for nursing undergraduates to apply in clinical practice
    Sueun Kim, Jong Sun Ok, Jin Yi Choi, Heejung Choi
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(4): 381.     CrossRef
  • Improving Patients’ Perception of the Quality of Nursing Services and Nurses’ Perception of Nursing Rounds through Purposeful and Timely Nursing Rounds
    Yun Sook Kim, Dong Yeon Kim, Na Young Kim, Jinsuk Kim, Young Eun Yang, Youmin Jeong, Hee Young Choi, Eun Oh
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(1): 12.     CrossRef
  • 753 View
  • 33 Download
  • 4 Crossref
Reflection-related Research in Korean Nursing: A Literature Review
Mikyoung Lee, Keum Seong Jang
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2019;25(2):83-96.   Published online March 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2019.25.2.83
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to analyze research on reflection in Korean nursing, and suggest future directions for effective application of reflective practice in Korean nursing education and practice.
METHODS
A review was performed using domestic databases including RISS, KISS, DBpia, and NDSL. Twenty-three papers were analyzed according to general characteristics, key variables regarding reflection, and findings regarding reflection.
RESULTS
Reflection in nursing research has received attention since 2005, generating almost half the publications in the last 3 years. Key variables regarding reflection were classified into reflection-related general term (34.7%), reflective action (8.6%), and reflection writing method (56.7%). Findings regarding reflection were categorized into correlation of reflection with other variables (26.1%), learning evaluation using a reflective journal (22.2%), effects of applying reflection as an intervention (47.4%), and Korean Self-Reflection and Insight Scale validation (4.3%).
CONCLUSION
Results indicate that reflection or reflective practice is an important component in integrating theories to practice, and that reflective practice is a prerequisite to becoming a professional nurse as well as a crucial tool for ideal changes in nursing. Considerable effort should be made to define the concept of reflective practice and effectively apply it to nursing education and practice in Korea.

Citations

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  • Category Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Research Competence Among Chinese Specialty Nurses: A Latent Profile Analysis
    Wenqiong Lin, Panpan Zhang, Songyao Li, Yaru Li, Ziru Fang, Yuning Wang, Hongmei Zhang
    Journal of Advanced Nursing.2025; 81(9): 5914.     CrossRef
  • Development for a concept mapping multicultural education program for Mother and Baby Unit nurses: a quasi-experimental study in South Korea
    Dahae Kang, Soonyoung Shon
    Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(1): 52.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Work–Life Balance and Nursing Reflection on the Nursing Performance of Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital
    Yoo Jin Hwang, Won Hee Jun
    International Journal of Nursing Practice.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of Clinical Nurses’ Communication Ability, Critical Reflection Competency, and Nursing Professional Self-efficacy on Medication Safety Competency
    Seongyoun Jang, Sujin Shin
    Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2025; 13(1): 43.     CrossRef
  • Development of Nursing Clinical Judgment Scale
    Shi Nae Kwon, Hyojung Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(6): 652.     CrossRef
  • Development of Critical Reflection Competency Scale for Clinical Nurses
    Sujin Shin, Eunmin Hong, Jiyoung Do, Mee Sun Lee, Youngsun Jung, Inyoung Lee
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(6): 3483.     CrossRef
  • Student nurse experiences in public healthcare clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
    Yun-Jung Choi, Youn-Joo Um
    Nurse Education Today.2022; 119: 105586.     CrossRef
  • Development and Preliminary Evaluation of the Effects of a Preceptor Reflective Practice Program: A Mixed-Method Research
    Heui-Seon Kim, Hye-Won Jeong, Deok Ju, Jung-A Lee, Shin-Hye Ahn
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(21): 13755.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Reflection Diaries after Dental Hygiene Students' Practice Experience at Public Health Center (Phenomenological Study)
    Moonsil Choi
    International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry.2022; 18(4): 118.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Korean Nursing Studies Applied in Interpersonal Caring Theory
    Heeyoung Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2020; 27(2): 116.     CrossRef
  • 1,321 View
  • 24 Download
  • 10 Crossref
Factors Influencing Managerial Competence of Frontline Nurse Managers
Ran Lee, Miyoung Kim, Sujin Choi, Hee Yeon Shin
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2018;24(5):435-444.   Published online December 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2018.24.5.435
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between nursing practice environment, resilience, job stress, communication skills, and managerial competence of frontline nurse managers and identify factors influencing their managerial competence.
METHODS
A descriptive research was carried out with 148 frontline nurse managers in six general hospitals. From August 16 to October 7, 2016 data were collected using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression using IBM SPSS/WIN 22.0.
RESULTS
Managerial competence of frontline nurse managers was positively correlated with nursing practice environment (r=.41 p < .001), resilience (r=.45, p < .001), communication skills (r=.38, p < .001) and was negatively correlated with job stress (r=−.27, p < .001). The factors influencing managerial competence were nursing practice environment (β=.29, p=.002) and resilience (β=.28, p=.007) in that order. The input variables explained 30.8% of managerial competence.
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that a policy guideline is needed to enhance managerial competence of frontline nurse managers. The policy guideline should include achieving an adequate level of nurse staffing to improve the nursing practice environment and providing frontline nurse managers with educational support and administrative assistance to increase their resilience.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • TOMADA DE DECISÃO GERENCIAL NA ENFERMAGEM HOSPITALAR
    Ilna Márcia Oliveira Rocha, IIsabel Cristina Kowal Olm Cunha, Alexandre Pazzetto Balsanelli, Elizabeth Bernardino, Francisco Rosemiro Guimarães Ximenes Neto
    Revista Enfermagem Atual In Derme.2025; 99(4): e025133.     CrossRef
  • Factors Impacting on Nurse Unit Managers’ Knowledge and Ability Importance of Managerial Competencies
    Jihae Lee, Miyoung Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 428.     CrossRef
  • Educational needs for nursing manager competency in Korean hospitals: multi-center cross-sectional study
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Nursing Tasks and Practice Environment for Nursing Work Perceived by Nurses Working on Comprehensive Wards versus General Wards
Sung Hee Ahn, Sun Hee Jung, Jung Hwa You, Mi Aie Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2018;24(1):10-20.   Published online January 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2018.24.1.10
PURPOSE
This study was performed to measure the level of nursing tasks and practice environment of nursing work (PENW) perceived by nurses working on comprehensive wards or general wards, and to investigate the relationship between these two variables.
METHODS
This study was a cross-sectional survey. Participants were 97 nurses working on comprehensive or general wards of one general hospital in Gyeonggido, Korea. Data were collected from October 17 to 21, 2016 using the structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS/PC ver 18.0 programs.
RESULTS
The scores for nursing tasks (performance, importance, and knowledge) perceived by nurses working on comprehensive wards were higher than nurses on general wards. The score for PENW perceived by nurses working on comprehensive wards was significantly higher than that of nurses on general wards. For comprehensive ward nurses, there was a relationship between nursing tasks and PENW, but no relationship was found for general ward nurses.
CONCLUSION
This findings show that nurses working on comprehensive wards evaluate nursing tasks and PENW higher than nurses working on general wards indicating that nursing managers should work to raise the perception of general ward nursing tasks and PENW.

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Nurses' Knowledge of Law, Law Consciousness, and Will to Practice
Mi Aie Lee, Keum Soon Byeon, Sunjoo Kang
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2017;23(3):290-300.   Published online June 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2017.23.3.290
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate nurses' knowledge of the law, consciousness, and will to practice and the relationships among factors affecting the will to practice.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression.
RESULTS
Most respondents were women (93.9%) and 75.6% of them had received basic education on law. The average score on knowledge of the law was 11.83±3.07 for general law and 10.42±3.32 for nursing law. The average score on consciousness of law and will to practice was 2.50±0.31 and 4.32±0.58, respectively. Differences were observed in knowledge of the law in terms of having taken a refresher course(F=5.87, p=.003); in consciousness of the law in terms of knowledge of the law (F=6.61, p<.002); and in will to practice according to age (F=7.30, p=.007) and educational level (F=13.08, p<.001). Factors influencing will to practice included behavioral and cognitive consciousness, general knowledge of law, and education. These factors explained 24% of the variance.
CONCLUSION
Nurses knowledge and consciousness regarding law was relatively lower than their will to practice. Systematic law education for nurses and repetitive research are recommended to prevent nursing malpractice.

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    Jonathan Bayuo
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    Haena Lim, Yeojin Yi
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Effects of an Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Education Program on EBP Practice Readiness and EBP Decision Making in Clinical Nurses
Ae Ri Na Nam, Eun Ho Lee, Jeong Ok Park, Eun Jung Ki, Su Min Nam, Mi Mi Park
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2017;23(3):239-248.   Published online June 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2017.23.3.239
PURPOSE
Today's clinical nurses deal with complex problems that need accurate evidence for practice and decision making. In this study the effectiveness of an EBP education program was examined.
METHODS
A pre-posttest design was used for this study and participants were 46 nurses working at a tertiary hospital located in Suwon, Korea. Date collection was done before and after the education program, from July 27 to October 2, 2015. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and ANCOVA with SPSS 21.0.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in scores before and after the EBP education program for EBP readiness: belief (t=-5.65, p<.001), implementation(t=-2.89, p=.006), competence (t=-4.21, p<.001), and for evidence-based decision making (t=-16.25, p<.001) by the nurses.
CONCLUSION
The findings indicate that the EBP education program has positive effects on EBP belief, implementation, competence and evidence-based decision making. In the future, it is necessary to reinforce the content of the program in the clinical workplace and to provide continuous education for clinical nurses.

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Review

Getting evidence in to practice tends to focus on strategies, theories and studies that aim to close the gap between research knowledge and clinical practice. The evidence to practice gap is more about systems than individual clinician decision making. The absence of evidence for administration and management in the organization of healthcare is persistent. Teaching nurses and providing evidence as the solution to evidence-based healthcare is no longer axiomatic. Previous studies have concluded that unit level strategies integrate multi-professional teams with organizational needs and priorities. This ‘best fit’ approach that characterizes how healthcare is structured and delivered. The published literature shows that increased readiness for change is aligned with integrated approaches informed by conceptual models. The Joanna Briggs Collaboration is the largest global collaboration to integrate evidence within a theory informed model that brings together academic centres, hospitals and health systems for evidence synthesis, transfer and implementation. The best approaches to implementation are tailored to local culture and context, benchmark against international evidence, combine a theory informed model and stakeholder perspectives to improve the structure and processes of health care policy and practice.

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Original Articles
Adaptation and Effects of the Evidence-based IPC Nursing Protocol on Prevention of Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism
Nam Yong Kim, Eun A Kim, Jae Yeun Sim, Soon Hee Jung, Hye Young Kim, Eun Hee Jang, Jee Hye Shin
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2017;23(1):63-75.   Published online January 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2017.23.1.63
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to adapt the standardized evidence-based nursing protocol using the IPC (intermittent pneumatic compression) intervention to prevent venous thromboembolism in surgical patients. Further, an investigation was done to measure knowledge on prevention of venous thromboembolism, surrogate incidence of venous thromboembolism and to assess IPC compliance in the study patients compared with those in surgical patients who underwent IPC intervention due to previous clinical experience.
METHODS
An analysis was done of the nine modules suggested by National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) in the adaptation manual of the clinical practice guideline for protocol adaptation. A nonequivalent control group post test design as a quasi-experiment was used to verify the effect of the IPC protocol.
RESULTS
There was a significant difference in knowledge of prevention of venous thromboembolism, IPC application time after intervention and the number of IPC applications between the experimental group (n=50) using the IPC nursing protocol and the control group (n=49). However, the symptoms of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism were not observed in either the experimental group or the control group after the intervention.
CONCLUSION
Results confirm that the standardized IPC nursing protocol provides effective intervention to prevent venous thromboembolism in surgical patients.

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  • Comparison of Internal Marketing, Job Satisfaction and Customer Orientation of Nurses by Size of Medical Care Institution; Small-medium Hospitals and General Hospitals
    Eun Su Do, Mi Ye Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2012; 18(1): 56.     CrossRef
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Factors Influencing of Evidence based Practice Competency and Evidence based Practice Readiness in General Hospital Nurses
Seang Ryu, Yun Sook Kim, Yun Hee Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2016;22(5):448-460.   Published online December 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2016.22.5.448
PURPOSE
The study was done to verify evidence-based practice (EBP) readiness and factors contributing to EBP competency in general hospital nurses.
METHODS
Participants were 219 nurses working in 7 general hospitals in G-city and J Province. Data were collected from May 12 to May 28, 2015 and analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression.
RESULTS
Mean score for EBP competency was 3.89±0.83, for critical thinking disposition, 3.35±0.36, for EBP attitude, 3.53±0.66, for beliefs about value of EBP, 3.42±0.56, for ability in research performance, 2.86±0.57, for time to devote to EBP, 2.57±0.69 and for organization support for EBP, 3.36±0.46. EBP competency was significantly correlated with critical thinking disposition (r=.37, p<.001), beliefs about value of EBP (r=.43, p<.001), ability in research performance (r=.44, p<.001), and time to devote to EBP(r=.33, p<.001). Factors influencing EBP competency in general hospital nurses were research performance (β=.29, p<.001), beliefs about value of EBP (β=.24, p<.001), critical thinking disposition (β=.15, p=.014), recognition of EBP (β=-.18, p=.002), which together explained 35% of total variance.
CONCLUSION
Findings indicate that introduction and activation of EBP in general hospitals is essential and development of systematic training programs to strengthen critical thinking disposition and EBP competency are needed.

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  • Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Evidence-Based Practice: A Cross-Sectional Study of Nurses at Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre @IIUM (SASMEC @IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
    Norfadzilah Ahmad, Aniawanis Makhtar, Nik Aisyah Abdullah, Suhaiza Mohd Fadzil
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARE SCHOLARS.2024; 7(3): 67.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Nursing Students’ Competencies Who Participated in Simulation Training on Competency with Evidence-based Practice
    Yeon Jeong Su
    Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2024; 12(1): 33.     CrossRef
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    Hyeyoung Hwang, Jennie C De Gagne, Leeho Yoo, Miji Lee, Hye Kyung Jo, Ju-eun Kim
    Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal.2024; 8: e50703.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Job Crafting on Evidence-Based Practical Skills of Dental Hygienists
    Min-ji Kim, Kyu-ri Kim, Yun-ji Kim, Seo-yeon Im, You-bin Cho, Ru-by Choi, Hee-jung Lim
    Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2023; 23(4): 330.     CrossRef
  • Integrating EBP into an undergraduate research methodology course using the Star Model of Knowledge Transformation: A mixed-method study
    Chi Eun Song, Hyunyoung Park, Moonju Lee, Kathleen R. Stevens
    Nurse Education Today.2021; 105: 105021.     CrossRef
  • Influences of Critical Thinking Disposition, Nurse Managers' Transformation and Transactional Leadership Style on Nurses' Competency with Evidence Based Practice
    Geum Ah Lee, Sung Hee Shin, Suk Jeong Ko
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(4): 305.     CrossRef
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    Chi Eun Song, Weon Gyeong Kim, You Jin Lim
    Heliyon.2019; 5(10): e02650.     CrossRef
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Effect of Nurses' Incivility Experienced by Nursing Student, Coping on Burnout in Clinical Practice
Yunkyung Hong, Younghae Kim, Hyunmi Son
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2016;22(4):323-331.   Published online September 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2016.22.4.323
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of nurse's incivility experienced by nursing students and coping against incivility on burnout in clinical practice.
METHODS
A cross-sectional correlation study design was used. The subjects were 120 nursing student from four universities in Busan and Yangsan, South Korea. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data on incivility, coping, and burnout. Finally total 117 nursing students' data was analyzed except 3 nursing students who had never experienced nurse's incivility for clinical practice. Data analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression.
RESULTS
97.5% of subjects (n=120) experienced incivility. Incivility was positively correlated with seeking social support coping, avoiding focused coping and burnout. Incivility and avoiding focused coping had a significant positive effect on burnout. The explained variance for burnout was 10.0% and avoiding focused coping was the most significant factor in burnout.
CONCLUSION
Most of nursing students experience the nurses' incivility. Judging incivility as a difficult problem to solve, students use more avoiding focused coping strategy and burnout is increased. Therefore education is needed to improve the coping strategies at incivility. Additionally colleges and hospitals should establish the formal reporting system to handle the incivility.

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    Eun Jung Lee, Mi-Hae Sung, Hye-Kyong Ahn, Yun Ah Kim
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A Study on the Mediating Effect of Emotional Intelligence between Perfectionism and Burnout in Advanced Practice Nurses (APN)
Gie Ok Noh, Kyung Sook Park, Young Soon Im
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2016;22(2):109-118.   Published online March 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2016.22.2.109
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to analyze relationships between perfectionism, burnout, and emotional intelligence in APN and to identify the mediating effect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between perfectionism and burnout.
METHODS
A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure perfectionism, burnout, and emotional intelligence. Data were collected from 121 APN working in five advanced general hospitals and two general hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation and Hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program.
RESULTS
Mean scores for each variable were: perfectionism 3.57 (on a 5-point scale), burnout 3.32 (on a 7-point scale), and emotional intelligence 5.00 (on a 7-point scale). Self-oriented perfectionism had a positive correlation with burnout, as did socially prescribed perfectionism. Emotional intelligence was a significant variable reducing burnout, as it also had a reverse buffering effect on the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and burnout. Explanatory power of the final model based on variables was 34%.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest a mediating direction regarding burnout by demonstrating that emotional intelligence plays a direct and reverse buffering role to self-oriented perfectionism, which can be used to reduce burnout in APN.

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    Feridun KAYA, Zehra Nesrin BİROL
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Analysis of Students Experience related of Nursing Management Clinical Practice: Text Network Analysis Method
Kyeong Hwa Kang, Soyoung Yu
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2016;22(1):80-90.   Published online January 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2016.22.1.80
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze students experiences during clinical practice in nursing management.
METHODS
Assessing through computerized databases, self-reflection reports of 57 students were analyzed. Text network analysis was applied to examine the research. The keywords from each student's reports were extracted by using the programs, KrKwic and NetMiner.
RESULTS
The results of the keyword network analysis of what students learned in the nursing process included 27 words. The keyword network analysis of what students learned from the problem solving process included 23 words and the keyword network analysis of improvements in Clinical Practice of Nursing included 31 words.
CONCLUSION
Studies related to clinical practice have been increasing, and themes of the studies have also become broader. Further research is required to investigate factors affecting clinical practice specifically in nursing management. Further comparative studies are necessary to define differences in clinical practice systems related to improving nursing students competency.

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Effects of Clinical Learning Environment on Clinical Practice Stress and Anxiety in Nursing Students
Eun Young Kim, Seung Hee Yang
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2015;21(4):417-425.   Published online September 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.4.417
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify factors in the clinical learning environment that affect clinical practice stress and anxiety in nursing students.
METHODS
Participants were 210 senior nursing students from two universities who had completed their clinical experience. Data were collected from self-report questionnaires and analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 Program.
RESULTS
The mean scores for the clinical learning environment, the clinical practice stress, and anxiety were 3.16+/-0.68, 2.98+/-0.66, and 43.74+/-10.18 points, respectively. The regression analysis showed that the clinical learning environment contributed to 13% of the stress and 20% of the anxiety in the nursing students with the conditions controlled for general characteristics, department satisfaction and social support.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that the clinical learning environment should be carefully assessed to reduce nursing students' stress and anxiety from clinical practice. Therefore, collaboration between nursing universities and teaching hospitals is necessary to optimize clinical learning environment.

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Experiences of Ethical Issues and Needs for Ethics Education in Clinical Nurses
Ja Hyun Shin, Seok Hee Jeong, Myung Ha Lee, Youngran Yang
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2015;21(3):327-339.   Published online June 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.3.327
PURPOSE
This study was done to identify the experiences of ethical issues and needs for ethics education in clinical nurses.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was used and data were collected in 2013. Participants were 428 clinical nurses working in the general units of seven medical hospitals. The Ethical Issues in Clinical Practice Tool was used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS/WIN 19.0.
RESULTS
'Providing care with a possible risk to your health' was the most frequent and disturbing ethical problems for nurses. The highest helpful ethical topic was 'the patients' right, autonomy and informed consent'. The ethical issue experience was significantly different according to education level, work units, and type of employment. The necessity of ethics education was statistically different according to age, religion, level of education, duration of working as RN, position, shift type, and continuing education about nursing ethics.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study show that nursing educators need to provide practical ethics education based on frequent ethical issues and helpful education topics. These findings can be used in developing effective education strategies for clinical nurses and nursing organizations to improve nurses' ethical decision-making abilities.

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Effects of Nursing Practice Environment, Compassion Fatigue and Compassion Satisfaction on Burnout in Clinical Nurses
Mi Young Han, Min Sook Lee, Ju Young Bae, Young Suk Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2015;21(2):193-202.   Published online March 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.2.193
PURPOSE
The purposes of this study was to identify the effects of nursing practice environment, compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction on burnout in clinical nurses.
METHODS
Participants selected for the final analysis were 208 nurses working in 2 general hospitals in Busan and Masan. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and Hierarchial Multiple Regression with SPSS/WIN 18.0.
RESULTS
Compassion fatigue had a significant positive effect on burnout, while Compassion satisfaction had a negative effect on burnout, but Nursing practice environment had no effect on burnout. The explained variance for burnout was 61% and compassion satisfaction was the most significant factor in burnout of nurses.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate that to reduce burnout in clinical nurses it is necessary to develop programs to increase nurses' compassion satisfaction and decrease compassion fatigue.

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Factors Affecting Nursing Students' Practice of Patient Safety Management in Clinical Practicum
Seung Hye Choi, Haeyoung Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2015;21(2):184-192.   Published online March 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.2.184
PURPOSE
This study was done to assess nursing students' practice of patient safety management (PSM), identify factors affecting PSM and provide basic data to develop education programs to strengthen students' competencies for patient safety.
METHODS
In this descriptive research the practice of PSM by nursing students was examined and predictive factors were identified. Participants were junior and senior nursing students from 7 universities in 7 cities. Self-report questionnaires were used for data collection.
RESULTS
Significant positive correlations were found between knowledge of PSM, perception of the importance of PSM and practice of PSM. In multivariate analysis, women students, participation in patient safety education in school, knowledge of PSM, and practice of PSM predicted high perception of the importance of PSM. In multivariate analysis, senior year and participation in patient safety education in school predicted higher knowledge of PSM. In multivariate analysis, perception of the importance of PSM predicted high practice of PSM.
CONCLUSION
In this study, knowledge was not found to directly affect PSM practice, but was found to affect the perception of the importance of PSM, a significant predictive variable. Thus, the importance of PSM should be strongly emphasized during education.

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Affecting Factors on Stress of Clinical Practice in Nursing Students
Ae Kyong Lee, Hye Sook You, In Hyae Park
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2015;21(2):154-163.   Published online March 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.2.154
PURPOSE
This descriptive study was done to identify factors that influence stress related to clinical practice for nursing students.
METHODS
Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 278 students from two nursing colleges located in G metropolitan city and one nursing college in C region.
RESULTS
The factors that most influenced stress for the nursing students during their clinical practice were critical thinking disposition, clinical competence, year, and gender. Especially, the result showed that higher critical thinking disposition and clinical competence correlated with lower stress in clinical practice.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that improving nursing students' critical thinking ability and clinical competence would help to relieve stress during clinical practice and increase the ability to cope with stress efficiently. The development of a variety of teaching and learning strategies and education in both theoretical and clinical practice education would be necessary to achieve this goal.

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Factors Influencing Competency in Evidence-based Practice among Clinical Nurses
Yeon Sook Kim, Jimee Kim, Mi Mi Park
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2015;21(2):143-153.   Published online March 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.2.143
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to describe competency in evidence-based practice (EBP) among clinical nurses and to explore critical thinking disposition (CTD) and organizational culture (OC) as possible predictors for competency in EBP. Also this study was conducted to identify baseline data for purpose of developing evidence-based OC to ensure safety of patients and to improve quality of nursing services in clinical setting.
METHODS
With a descriptive correlation study design, a competency in EBP questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of nurses (N=393) from a single general hospital in Gyeonggi Province.
RESULTS
The overall mean score for competency in EBP was 3.03+/-0.53. Factors influencing competency in EBP were education (beta=0.23, p<.001), attendance at lectures on EBP (beta=0.18, p<.001), intellectual eagerness & healthy skepticism (beta=0.27, p<.001) among CTD, and hierarchy-oriented OC (beta=0.14, p=.005), which explained about 35% of the total variance.
CONCLUSION
Critical thinking and competency in EBP should be part of nursing education especially for undergraduate students as well as strengthening clinical practice by activation of EBP. The results of this study that hierarchy-oriented OC, is a significant predictor for competency in EBP is difficult to accept. Its seemed to require further exploration.

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Factors Influencing Nurse Turnover Intention in Small and Medium Sized Hospitals in the Metropolitan Area
Youn Sun Hwang, Kyeong Hwa Kang
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2014;20(5):576-586.   Published online December 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2014.20.5.576
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing nurse turnover intention in small and medium sized hospitals in the metropolitan area.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey design was used. A questionnaire was distributed to the nurses in small and medium sized hospitals. The data of 209 nurses was analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression.
RESULTS
Organizational commitment and age were identified as factors influencing turnover intention. These factors explained 56.8% of variance of turnover intention.
CONCLUSION
Results suggest that establishment of organizational commitment needs to be discussed and continuously developed. Further study is also necessary to identify the key mechanism in nurse turnover intention.

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A Concept Mapping Study on Clinical Stress for Nursing Students during Clinical Practice
Hee Kyoung Hyoung, Youn Sook Ju, Shin Il Im
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2014;20(4):394-404.   Published online September 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2014.20.4.394
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the conceptual structure of stressors experienced by nursing students during clinical practice.
METHODS
Ten men and 10 women nursing college students were interviewed. The results were 208 ideas. By synthesizing and editing these ideas, the final statement was trimmed down to 39 questions. The next step was to have the participants classify these 39 final questions. They were asked to rate stress scores using a five-point scale. Through multidimensional scaling analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis yielded dimensions and clusters.
RESULTS
Results of the study showed 2 dimensions which were classified as 'interpersonal relationship-practice system' and 'identity-practice environment'. It also yielded 8 clusters which were classified as 'role confusion', 'gender discrimination', 'attitudes of medical personnel and patients', 'comparison between fellow students', 'difference between theory and practice', 'disestablishing the role of practice guide', 'interference with training', and 'problems of the practice environment'. Further, stress factors and stress levels were differentiated depending on the gender of the student.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study indicate that educators who are developing clinical practice programs and clinical practitioners should consider stressors during clinical practice and the educational implications to nursing students.

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Factors associated with New Graduate Nurses' Reality Shock
Kyung Mi Sin, Jeong Ok Kwon, Eun Young Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2014;20(3):292-301.   Published online June 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2014.20.3.292
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect reality shock in new nurses.
METHODS
Participants were 216 newly graduated nurses with less than 1 year experience in 5 university and 10 general hospitals in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongnam, A self-report questionnaire was completed by the nurses between November 18 and December 25, 2013. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and hierarchial multiple regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 Program.
RESULTS
Average scores for work environment and environmental reality shock were 2.63+/-0.33 and 2.66+/-0.43 points respectively. Regression analysis showed that with the nurses' demographic and work characteristics controlled, work environment explained 4.2% of the reality shock. Factors significantly affecting reality shock included nurses' changing residence because of job (beta=.21, p=.001), whether they were able to work on the unit of their choice (beta=-.13, p=.031) and whether they had a choice in days off (beta=-.14, p=.038).
CONCLUSION
When these factors are considered, reduction in nurses' reality shock requires improvement in work environment, placing new nurses in a department of their choice and allowing them a choice in off-duty days. These measures would also help achieve organizational goals and develop the new nurses as professional nurses.

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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the practice environment of nursing and the critical thinking disposition of clinical nurses in local general hospitals.
METHODS
A convenience sample of 468 registered nurses was obtained from three local general hospitals. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire during November, 2012. The survey tools were the K-PES-NWI verified by Cho et al (2011) and the critical thinking disposition instrument developed by Yoon (2004). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA with Scheffe test and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 18.0.
RESULTS
The mean score for practice environment of nursing was 3.3+/-0.4 and for critical thinking disposition, 2.3+/-0.4. There were statistically significant differences in critical thinking disposition according to age, education, length of career, current position, and marital status. In multivariate analysis, factors related to critical thinking disposition were collegial nurse-physician relations and education level.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study indicate that collegial nurse-physician relations in the nursing practice environment are related to nurses' critical thinking disposition, and thus, it is important to improve the practice environment as well using individual approaches including on-the-job training to improve nurses' critical thinking disposition.

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The Relationship between Nursing Professionalism, Clinical Decision Making Abilities, and Job Performance in Advanced Practice Nurses
Young Soon Kim, Jung Suk Park
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2013;19(5):613-621.   Published online December 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2013.19.5.613
PURPOSE
To identify the extents of nursing professionalism, clinical decision making abilities and job performance of advanced practice nurses and investigate the relationship among the variables.
METHODS
Participants, selected by a convenience sampling method, were 135 advanced practice nurses working in 4 tertiary care general hospitals in 'B' Metropolitan City and in 1 tertiary care general hospital in 'J' city. Data collection was done from January 15 to February 28, 2013 using self-reporting questionnaires.
RESULTS
The average score for nursing professionalism of study participants was 81.19+/-7.56. for clinical decision making abilities, 140.42+/-9.62 and for job performance, 102.54+/-10.30. These averages are relatively high. The relationship between the extent of nursing professionalism and the extent of clinical decision making abilities showed an intermediate level positive correlation (r=.45, p<.001). The relationship between the extent of nursing professionalism and the extent of job performance was also an intermediate level positive correlation (r=.42, p<.001). The extent of clinical decision making abilities and the extent of job performance was an intermediate level positive correlation (r=.41, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
Developing a program, which can improve nursing professionalism and clinical decision making abilities of nurse, is required to enhance their job performance.

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Hospital Nurses' Uses of Evidence, and Barriers to and Enablers of Evidenced-based Practice
Jee In Hwang
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2013;19(2):292-303.   Published online March 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2013.19.2.292
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' experience of evidence-based nursing practice in general hospitals.
METHODS
Data were collected from 13 nurses through in-depth interviews about their experiences with evidence-based practice. The research questions were "What kind of evidence are you using in your practice?" and "What are the barriers to and enablers of evidence-based practice that you have experienced?" Qualitative data from field and transcribed notes were analyzed using qualitative content analysis methodology.
RESULTS
Major themes of using evidence were identified as 'research as primary valid evidence', 'information from local context and internet as realistic evidence', and 'clinical experience as pragmatic evidence'. Patient experience was not used as evidence in solving nursing problems. Barriers to and enablers of evidence-based practice were linked. They included both external, organizational factors and individual factors. Main issues were 'lack of evidence and poor work environment', and major facilitating factors were 'improving knowledge and skills related to evidence-based practice' and 'communicating and sharing evidence'.
CONCLUSION
The study findings provide useful information for understanding nurses' experience of using external and internal evidence along with their meaning. A multidimensional approach is needed to overcome barriers to and implement evidence-based practice.

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No abstract available.

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Development of Nursing Practice Guidelines for Non-humidified Low Flow Oxygen Therapy by Nasal Cannula
Ae Ri Na Nam, Woo Hyun Bae, Mi Mi Park, Eun Jeong Ko, Byung Nam Park, Jeong Ok Park, Ji Yeoung Yim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2013;19(1):87-94.   Published online January 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2013.19.1.87
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide a basis for non-humidified low flow oxygen by nasal cannula and to provide a guide for consistent care in nursing practice.
METHODS
A methodological study on the development of guidelines with experts' opinions on collected items, framing PICO questions, evaluating and synthesizing texts which were searched with the key words (low flow oxygen, nasal cannula, humidification of oxygen, guideline) from web search engines.
RESULTS
Of the 45 researched texts on the web, 9 texts relevant to the theme were synthesized and evaluated. All patients with humidified or non-humidified oxygen therapy reported that they had no discomfort.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that there are no tangible grounds for patients' perceived differences between the humidified and non-humidified oxygen under 4L/min supplied by nasal cannula. with oxygen. Therefore, non-humidification oxygen therapy is strongly advised when suppling under 4L/min oxygen by nasal cannula (recommended grade A).

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DICS Behavior Pattern and Medication Errors by Nurses
Eun Kyung Kim, Soon Young Lee, Mi Ran Eom
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2013;19(1):28-38.   Published online January 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2013.19.1.28
PURPOSE
Human factor is one of the major causes of medication errors. The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' perception and experience of medication errors, examine the relationship of Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, Conscientiousness (DISC) behavior patterns and medication errors by nurses.
METHODS
A descriptive survey design with a convenience sampling was used. Data collection was done using self-report questionnaires answered by 308 nurses from one university hospital and two general hospitals.
RESULTS
The most frequent DISC behavioral style of nurses was influence style (41.9%), followed by steadiness style (23.7%), conscientiousness style (20.4%), and dominance style (14.0%). Differences in the perception and experience level of medication errors by nurses' behavioral pattern were not statistically significant. However, nurses with conscientiousness style had the lowest scores for in experience of medication errors and the highest scores for perception of medication errors.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study show that identification of the behavior pattern of nurses and application of this education program can prevent medication errors by nurses in hospitals.

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    Eunjoo Lee
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A Grounded Theory-Based Approach to Practice Adaptation Process of Hemodialysis Unit Nurses
Eui Jung Park, Young Hae Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2013;19(1):128-137.   Published online January 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2013.19.1.128
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to generate a grounded substantive theory for the practice adaptation process of hemodialysis unit nurses.
METHODS
Participants in this study were 10 nurses working in one of two hemodialysis units. Data were collected through tape recorded in-depth interviews done between December, 2011 and February, 2012. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology.
RESULTS
From the participants' statements, 43 concepts, 18 subcategories and 10 categories were extracted through the open cording process. The 10 categories were: "Burden", "Role conflict", "Fearful", "Conflict of emotion", "Lack systematic job training", "Lack support system", "Compassion", "Rapport created", "Sense of duty", and "Growth." The core category was discovered to be 'recognized growth'. Phenomenon was identified as 'burnout' and this series of processes was categorized as having three stages: 'conflict', 'acceptance', 'growth'.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study provide useful information about the needs of Hemodialysis Unit Nurses during the practice adaptation process based on their stages and types of practice adaptation. Finally, this study contributes data for the development of intervention programs that support the Hemodialysis Unit Nurses' practice adaptation.

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Impact of Unit-level Nurse Practice Environment on Nurse Turnover Intention in the Small and Medium Sized Hospitals
Jeong Ok Kwon, Eun Young Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2012;18(4):414-423.   Published online December 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2012.18.4.414
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the unit-level nurse practice environment on nurse turnover intention in the small and medium sized hospitals.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire survey with 308 nurses in 38 nursing units of 6 small and medium sized hospitals, having over 200 beds and under 300 beds and located in B metropolitan city. Data were collected from July 20 to August 10, 2011. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression.
RESULTS
The mean turnover intention in nurses of small and medium sized hospitals was 3.52+/-0.53. Factors affecting turnover intention in the nurses included age, work unit, monthly income, number of night-duties, work hours per day and unit-level nurse practice environment. The unit-level nurse practice environment accounted for 15% of turnover intention when other variables were controlled.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study indicate that nurse turnover intention is associated with the nurse practice environment at the unit level. Small and medium sized hospitals can improve nurse retention and lower turnover intention by changing the nurse practice environment of unit, such as creating better support services and nurse participation in hospital affairs.

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Oncology Advanced Nurses' Use of Outcome Indicators and Perception of Outcome Evaluation
Young Hee Sung, Moon Sook Hwang, Young Hee Yi
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2012;18(2):189-201.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2012.18.2.189
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore the use of outcome indicators and perception of outcome evaluation of oncology advanced practice nurses (APNs).
METHOD
A total of 111 oncology APNs from hospitals which have over 400 beds were surveyed. The participants' use of outcome indicators and perception of outcome evaluation were collected using a questionnaire including 84 outcome indicators for APNs developed by Sung et al. and 13 items on APNs' contribution to the hospitals developed by Kleinpell (2005). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and chi2 test.
RESULT
Twelve items out of 84 outcome indicators were used over 50% of the time and 57 items could be used in the future by the participants. Seven of the 10 top-ranking outcome indicators in use were education related and were also expected to be used frequently in the future. The score for participants' perception of outcome evaluation was average-high, 3.82 out of 5.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of the study show that the main outcome indicator for oncology APNs is education related, and thus the use of education related outcome indicators is recommended to make oncology APNs' activities be more visible.

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Factors Influencing Turnover Intention of Nurses in Small-medium sized Hospitals
Ki No Kang
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2012;18(2):155-165.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2012.18.2.155
PURPOSE
This study was done to examine the relationships among practice environment, nursing professionalism, career commitment, and turnover intention in nurses working in small-medium sized hospitals.
METHOD
This study utilized a descriptive correlational design. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from 362 nurses in 7 small-medium sized hospitals and analyzed with SPSS 18.0.
RESULT
The mean scores for practice environment, nursing professionalism, career commitment, and turnover intention were 2.29 on a 4-point scale and 3.13, 2.78, 3.51 on a 5-point scale, respectively. The practice environment showed significantly positive correlations with nursing professionalism and career commitment. Nursing professionalism showed a significantly positive correlation with career commitment. The highest significant negative correlation was between practice environment and turnover intention. Nursing professionalism and career commitment had negative correlations with turnover intention. Factors having significant influence on turnover intention included age, assigned ward, average wage, practice environment, and career commitment. These factors explained 43.0% of variance in turnover intention. Practice environment was identified as the most important variable in explaining turnover intention.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study demonstrate the necessity of improving the practice environment and increasing nurses' career commitment if turnover intention in small-medium sized hospitals is to be lowered.

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Level of Beliefs, Knowledge and Performance for Evidence-Based Practice among Nurses Experienced in Preceptor Role
Jae Yong Yoo, Eui Geum Oh
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2012;18(2):202-212.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.0000/jkana.2012.18.2.202
PURPOSE
As Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) has increasingly been proven as a means of cost-effective and higher-quality healthcare, its successful implementing are challenging. This study done to identify EBP beliefs, knowledge and performance among nurses experienced as a preceptor.
METHOD
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 249 preceptor nurses working in 9 general hospitals in Korea. Reliable and valid questionnaires (EBP beliefs scale, Evidence Based Practice Questionnaire, Research-related activities) were used and the data were analyzed using SPSS win 17.0.
RESULT
Perceived beliefs on EBP were relatively positive (mean score 3.57 out of 5), and the level of knowledge was moderate (4.21 out of 7). However, performance of EBP was low (3.82 out of 7). Regularity in reading research journals and searching evidences using core web-database were rarely conducted. Statistically significant correlations were found between beliefs, knowledge and performance of EBP (all p<.05).
CONCLUSIONS
This result indicates that education and training programs to facilitate EBP performance are needed among preceptor nurses.
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Effects of an Education Program on Prevention of Malpractice using Precedent Cases related to Patient Safety in Safety Perception, Safety Control, Autonomy and Accountability in Clinical Nurses
Ki Kyong Kim, Mal Soon Song, Jun Sang Lee, Young Sin Kim, So Young Yoon, Jee Eun Back, Hea Kung Hur
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2012;18(1):67-75.   Published online March 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.0000/jkana.2012.18.1.67
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of an education program on safety perception, safety control, autonomy and accountability in clinical nurses. Precedent cases related to patient safety were used in the education program.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest measures was used. Participants in the study, 72 nurses in the experimental group, 71 nurses in the control group, were enrolled for 3 months. The education program was composed of the 20 precedent cases related to patient safety from home and foreign countries.
RESULTS
The major findings of this study were as follows: Safety perception (p=.000), Safety control (p=.000), attitude toward autonomy (p=.000), and attitude toward accountability (p=.000) improved after the education program.
CONCLUSION
The findings from this study indicate that an education program using precedent cases is an efficient method to improve behavior and change attitudes towards protecting patients' safety and preventing malpractice claims against nurses.
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Development of Telephone Consultation Algorithm for Patient Discharged with Ophthalmic Disease
Hyun Jung Lee, Hyeoun Ae Park
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2011;17(3):336-348.   Published online September 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2011.17.3.336
PURPOSE
This methodological study was done to develop a telephone consultation algorithms and practice guidelines for patient discharged with ophthalmic diseases.
METHODS
The ophthalmic problems of the patients were identified and expert knowledge on managing the problems was acquired. Algorithms and practice guidelines were developed based on the expert knowledge. The content validity of algorithms and practice guidelines was evaluated by the experts.
RESULTS
The preliminary algorithms and practice guidelines were developed from 60 detailed signs and symptoms and 45 nursing interventions. The experts agreed that 57 detailed signs and symptoms linked with nursing interventions were valid, with the content validity index over 80%. Meeting with nurse experts and ophthalmologists was convened to review the rest of the 3 detailed signs and symptoms linked with nursing interventions. Finally, 60 detailed signs and symptoms and 46 nursing interventions were confirmed.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that the algorithms and practice guidelines are effective decision-making tools and utilization of these algorithms and practice guidelines is expected to improve the quality of clinical nursing and patient satisfaction.

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Relationship of Self-leadership, Stress and Satisfaction in Clinical Practice of Nursing Students
Nam Young Yang, Sun Young Moon
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2011;17(2):216-225.   Published online June 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2011.17.2.216
PURPOSE
In this study, the relationship between self-leadership, stress, and satisfaction among nursing students in clinical practice was examined.
METHOD
The participants were 273 nursing students. Data collected from September to December 2010 were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression.
RESULTS
The mean scores for self-leadership (3.72+/-.41), stress (3.45+/-.59), and satisfaction (3.11+/-.38) in clinical practice were above average. Self-leadership was significantly different according to year, interpersonal relationships, and satisfaction with nursing as a major. Stress in clinical practice was significantly different according to gender, year, and health status. Satisfaction in clinical practice was significantly different according to year, interpersonal relationships, and satisfaction with nursing as a major. Significant correlations were found between self-leadership and satisfaction in clinical practice, and stress and satisfaction in clinical practice. Year, self-leadership, interpersonal relationships, and stress in clinical practice were factors influencing satisfaction in clinical practice (20.0%).
CONCLUSION
These findings indicate that there is a need to improve self-leadership, and to lessen stress in clinical practice to improve nursing students' satisfaction with clinical practice. The above-mentioned results should be reflected in the development of effective teaching methods for clinical practice.

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Importance, Satisfaction and Contribution of Advanced Practice Nurses' Role Recognized by Health Care Professionals
Myung Sook Cho, Young Ae Cho, In Gak Kwon, Min Jeong Seo, Hye Jin Baek
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2011;17(2):168-179.   Published online June 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2011.17.2.168
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify level of recognition of the importance, satisfaction and contribution of APNs' role by physicians, nurses, and advanced practice nurses.
METHOD
Perceived importance and satisfaction were measured with a 23-item questionnaire on APN role with 5 subcategories. APNs' contribution was investigated using a 13-item outcome questionnaire developed by the researchers. Between August 15 and October 31, 2009, the researchers collected data from 68 physicians, 265 nurses, and 23 APNs all working in a single tertiary hospital. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis Test with Bonferroni's Correction and scatter plot.
RESULT
The importance (3.24~3.39, 4 point scale), satisfaction (3.02~3.13, 4 point scale), and contribution of APNs' role (3.39~4.12, 5 point scale) were well recognized by the health care professionals. All the three health care professional groups rated APNs' contribution high in medical service management, continuity of care, patient accessibility, improvement in patient satisfaction, and patient and family education. 'Importance-Satisfaction Analysis' showed that patient data management by APNs needed greater effort.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings show that the importance, satisfaction, contribution of APNs' role are recognized, and indicate a need for further development of APNs' role through efforts to overcome the gaps identified through this research.

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PURPOSE
This study was done to develop a web-based diagnostic evaluation program for nurses to prevent malpractice liability.
METHODS
A comprehensive review of the literature and 9 specialist interviews were used to search for learning goals and content for protection for nurses from malpractice. Data on needs for learning goals were collected from 56 hospital nurses who agreed to complete a self-report questionnaire. The diagnostic program was evaluated between September 2008 and August 2009 by 35 new hospital nurses using an application of the web-based program evaluation tools by Chung (2000).
RESULTS
A comprehensive review of the literature and interviews were used to search for learning goals and content. The evaluation program was composed of the 73 questions for diagnostic evaluation under 23 learning goals and 6 grand learning goals which included the principles of law, patient's rights, legal responsibility, patient's safety, regulation on nursing practice and patient's rights protection. Evaluation of the program showed that the mean for program evaluation was 3.43 (SD=.37).
CONCLUSION
This diagnostic evaluation program could be an efficient method for teachers and learners to improve nurses' behavior in protecting the patient's rights and preventing malpractice claims.

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The Impact of Nursing Professionalism on the Nursing Performance and Retention Intention among Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses
Kyoung Ja Kwon, Kyoung Hee Ko, Kyung Won Kim, Jung A Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2010;16(3):229-239.   Published online September 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2010.16.3.229
PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate the impact of nursing professionalism on the nursing performance and retention intention among psychiatric mental health nurses.
METHODS
As a descriptive correlational study, this study sampled 206 psychiatric mental health nurses in six hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi area through convenience sampling. Data were collected from March 2 to 31, 2009 using a self-report questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 16.0.
RESULTS
In the subscales of professionalism, the 'Sense of calling' had the highest mean score while the 'Professional organization' had the lowest mean score. A significant positive correlation was observed in nursing professionalism, nursing performance and retention intention. According to an analysis on the impact of each subscale of nursing professionalism on nursing performance and retention intention, the 'Sense of calling' and 'Autonomy' were the most significant predictor variable.
CONCLUSION
The results confirmed that the improvement of psychiatric mental health nurses' professionalism increases their nursing performance and retention intention and the 'Sense of calling' and 'Autonomy' are critical prediction factors. It is necessary to come up with a strategy which strengthens nursing professionalism in order to improve psychiatric mental health nurses' performance and retention intention.

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