Purpose
This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to explore leadership-related variables among nurses in the novice and advanced beginner stages, identify research trends, and analyze effect sizes to provide evidence for developing a nursing leadership program. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and NECA (National Evidence based Healthcare Collaborating Agency) guidelines. Literature was searched from February 26 to April 26, 2024 using databases including KISS, KMbase, RISS, KoreaMed, Science ON, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Korean nursing journals. Meta-analysis was performed using R version 3.6.2. Results: From 589 articles, five studies were selected. Self-leadership was most frequently studied topic (80.0%). Leadership antecedents with k≥2 included preceptor’s clinical teaching behavior (correlation effect size [ESr], 0.34). For leadership outcomes, effect size analyses for cases with k≥2 indicated resilience (ESr, 0.72), nursing performance (ESr, 0.69), and organizational socialization (ESr, 0.31), with resilience demonstrating the largest effect. Conclusion: Preceptor’s clinical teaching behavior, resilience, nursing performance, and organizational socialization were identified as critical factors in leadership of the nurses at novice and advanced beginner stage. Enhancing leadership requires preceptor support, which can improve resilience and help early-career nurses overcome challenges. Therefore, strategies for leadership development must include specific measures to ensure preceptor support.

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to provide academic basic data by quantitatively integrating variables related to information literacy competence of Korean nursing students. Methods: This study is a meta-analysis study to systematically review the research on information literacy competence of Korean nursing students and related variables to identify the effectiveness of each variable group. The selection criteria for the analysis subjects were determined using the PICOS framework in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) systematic review reporting guidelines. Theses and journal articles published from September 1, 2024, to September 30, 2024, were searched. Results: The effect sizes of the sub-variables of each variable group showed that the personal thinking competence group showed the largest effect size in the order of problem-solving ability (Fisher’s Z=.90) and critical thinking ability (Fisher’s Z=.57); the professional competence group showed evidence-based practice (Fisher’s Z=.84), clinical performance (Fisher’s Z=.65), learning engagement (Fisher’s Z=.51), communication ability (Fisher’s Z=.49), and academic achievement (Fisher’s Z=.45); and the professional competence group showed privacy awareness (Fisher’s Z=.51), professionalism (Fisher’s Z=.42), and ethical awareness (Fisher’s Z=.41). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop a program to strengthen the information literacy competence of nursing students. Furthermore, there is a need to develop curricula and teaching-learning strategies to enhance information utilization capabilities, along with sustained attention to practice-based educational models tailored to AI and digital environments.

Purpose
This concept analysis aimed to deepen the understanding of Quiet Quitting among nurses by identifying its antecedents, defining attributes, and consequences.
Methods
This study employed Walker and Avant’s conceptual analysis framework.
Results
Quiet Quitting among nurses is defined as “a state in which individuals pursue harmony between their work and personal lives by performing only the minimum required tasks, rejecting workplace initiatives, and expressing passive resistance to organizational and job dissatisfaction.” Key antecedents include “fatigue resulting from changes in the healthcare environment”, “lack of managerial competence”, “role stress”, “toxic organizational culture”, “financial problem” and “Generation Z’s evolving perspective on work”. The analysis highlight five primary concerns: a decline in nursing care quality, increased likelihood of job turnover, conflicts with colleagues and supervisors, reduced job satisfaction, and a diminished personal competency.
Conclusion
This study provides a clear definition of Quiet Quitting among nurses and establishes a theoretical basis for addressing the issue. Additionally, it underscores the need for further research, including the development of measurement tools, to better understand and mitigate this phenomenon.

Purpose
To validate the Korean version of the Attitudes towards Men in Nursing Questionnaire (K-AMnQ) using a sample of Korean nurses.
Methods
To measure the perceptions of male nurses, this study translated and adapted the AMnQ developed in India to the Korean context and collected data from 319 nurses. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted on the collected data to verify convergent validity and discriminant validity, and the Korean version of the male nurse recognition scale was finalized with three factors and nine questions.
Results
The analysis showed that the scale had both validity and reliability.
Conclusion
This tool can be used to improve attitudes and interventions among male nurses.

Purpose
This study aimed to explore customer perspectives of nursing services in tertiary hospitals.
Methods
The data comprised mobile Voice Of Customer (VOC) data related to “nursing” or “nurses” generated from June 25, 2019, to December 31, 2022, in a tertiary hospital. A total of 44,727 VOC data points were collected, of which 4,040 were selected for the final analysis. Text network analysis and topic modeling were conducted using NetMiner 4.5.1.
Results
Topic modeling identified five topics for positive aspects and four topics for areas requiring improvement. The positive aspects were: 1) sincere nursing care; 2) rapid response from professional medical staff; 3) teamwork for delivering customer-centric services; 4) provision and coordination of system-based healthcare services; and 5) customer-focused responsiveness. The areas requiring improvement were: 1) demand for skilled nursing care tailored to customer expectations; 2) demand for enhanced communication and reduced mechanical responses; 3) demand for appropriate handling of diverse situations; and 4) demand for overall improvements to the healthcare system, including reservation systems.
Conclusion
These results may be used to enhance customer and patient experiences in tertiary hospitals and are necessary for utilization from a hospital management perspective.

Purpose
This study aimed to develop a colleague solidarity scale for nurses and to verify its validity and reliability.
Methods
Initial items were extracted through an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with twelve clinical nurses. These items were subjected to content validity testing by ten experts and face validity testing by five nurses. Subsequently, the final tool was developed using a validity and reliability test comprising 53 preliminary items. Survey data were collected from 548 hospital nurses.
Results
In the exploratory factor analysis, four factors and 33 items were selected, yielding a total cumulative variance ratio of 66.7%. Through the confirmatory factor analysis, the final tool consisting of 4 factors and 31 items was developed. The factors were as follows: “mutually beneficial community,” “nurse identity.” “rigid organizational experience,” and “supportive interaction.” These factors were verified through convergent and discriminant validity testing. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach’s ⍺= .94).
Conclusion
This tool can serve as the basis for developing programs and strategies to strengthen solidarity among nurses by identifying the current level of colleague solidarity among hospital nurses and enhancing their understanding of it.

Purpose
This study aimed to identify factors influencing nursing professionalism among outpatient nurses.
Methods
Data were collected through a self-evaluation survey of 157 nurses from general and tertiary hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Importance-Performance Analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis.
Results
The mean scores were as follows: importance, 3.29 out of 5; performance, 2.50 out of 4; role conflict, 3.23 out of 5; and nursing professionalism, 3.23 out of 5. There were statistically significant positive correlations between the importance (r=.32, p<.001) and performance (r=.38, p<.001) of nursing activities and professionalism. There were statistically significant negative correlations between role conflict and nursing professionalism (r=-.20, p=.014). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the importance of nursing activities, performance of nursing activities, role conflict, working department, and sex explained 33.0% of outpatient nurses’ professionalism (F=8.66, p<.001).
Conclusion
The findings indicate educational system about important and highly accomplished tasks would be useful to improve nursing professionalism of outpatient nurses. Furthermore, reducing role conflicts by clearly distinguishing tasks is necessary to increase nursing professionalism.

Citations

• Impact of Nursing Professionalism, Ethical Sensitivity, and the Clinical Learning Environment on Nursing Students' Intention to Report Near Misses and Adverse Events
  Sookhee Yoon, Ha-Young Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2025; 32(2): 209.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the effects of the nursing practice environment and reciprocity among hospital nurses on their intent to leave, and to investigate the mediating effect of reciprocity in this process.
Methods
This study was conducted with 218 full-time nurses working for more than 6 months at four general hospitals located in two cities in South Korea. Data were collected using questionnaires from July 26 to August 12, 2022, and analyzed using IBM SPSS/WIN 23.0 and SPSS Process Macro.
Results
The nursing practice environment (r=-.38, p<.001) and reciprocity (r=-.33, p<.001) were negatively related to the intention to leave. The nursing practice environment and reciprocity affected intent to leave, reciprocity had a partial mediating effect between the nursing practice environment and intent to leave.
Conclusion
Nursing managers should strengthen the nursing work environment and reciprocity levels to reduce nurses’ intention to leave. Additionally, nursing managers need to effectively manage the organizational culture so that nursing services can be provided in a friendly medical culture that values fair and equal cooperation.

Purpose
This conceptual analysis aimed to reveal the “role conflict of physician assistants with nursing licenses in Korea” by defining and organizing its concept.
Methods
This study used the conceptual analysis process of Walker and Avant.
Results
The role conflict of Korean physician assistant nurses can be defined by the following attributes: “Confusion of identity,” “Psychological burden of work,” “Anxiety and fear of legal responsibility,” “Anxiety about an uncertain future,” “Relative deprivation,” “Sense of neglect,” and a “Lack of sense of belonging.” The antecedents identified were: “unclear work boundaries,” “absence of work guidelines,” “excessive work and poor environment,” “Absence of regulations and administrative regulation,” “Exclusion from unfair treatment and promotion,” “Difficulty measuring job performance,” “Absence of job autonomy,” and “Physician group interest pursuit.” The consequences were: “Decreased job satisfaction,” “Decreased sense of achievement,” “Decreased self-esteem,” “Limited growth,” “Increased turnover intentions,” “Exhaustion of mind and body,” “Career identity crisis,” and “Frustrations.” Conclusion: This study provides basic data for constructing a theory concerning role conflict among Korean dedicated nurses and promotes the development of measurement tools. Furthermore, it meaningfully presents both theoretical grounds for reducing the role conflict of dedicated nurses and evidence for legalization.

Citations

• Effects of Role Conflict, Work Environment, and Meaning of Work on Job Embeddedness among Physician Assistants
  Kwang Hoon Seo, Tae Yeong Yang, Nam Gyu Park, Jung Eun Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 249.     CrossRef
• Role Transformation and Adaptation of Physician Assistants during the 2024 Medical Workforce Shortage: A Phenomenological Study
  Tae Yeong Yang, Nahyun Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 259.     CrossRef
• A study on the job performance, importance, and educational needs of clinical practice nurses in tertiary hospitals
  Hyemi Lee, Youngmee Ahn, Min Sohn, Minhee Suh
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2025; 31(3): 315.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Clinical Practice Nurses' Self-Leadership, Role Conflict, and Practice Environment on Patient Safety Competency
  Jeong Hwa Heo, Ji Hyun Sung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(4): 458.     CrossRef
• Legal and Practical Solutions for the Expanding the Roles of Medical Support Staff Nurses
  Su Jung Choi, Min Young Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 300.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the mediating effect of leader-member exchange (LMX) on the relationship between nursing unit managers’ethical leadership and nurses’turnover intentions.
Methods
A cross-sectional nationwide survey was performed using structured questionnaires. A total of 225 clinical nurses working in general tertiary hospitals were recruited through proportional quota sampling; the quota used represented the location of working hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected through an online survey and snowball sampling from June to September 2022 and analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. A mediation analysis was performed using a simple mediation model applying the PROCESS macro with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval.
Results
In bootstrapping, the indirect effect (X→M→Y) was statistically significant (B=-0.77, 95% CI:-1.02 to -0.50). LMX showed a mediating effect on the relationship between nursing unit managers’ethical leadership and clinical nurses’ turnover intention. In this model, the total effect was B=-0.93 (p<.001).
Conclusion
These findings suggest that LMX must be considered when making a strategy for nursing retention in the hospital setting. Nursing unit managers with ethical leadership could decrease nurses’ turnover intention by improving the LMX.

Citations

• Effect of Nursing Professionalism on Turnover Intention among Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Job Embeddedness
  Ja In Kim, Seok Hee Jeong, Hyoung Eun Chang, Sunmi Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(4): 446.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Job Competency Scale (JCS) for insurance review nurses working in hospitals.
Methods
The initial items were generated through a literature review and interviews with 10 experts. The content validity of the items was evaluated through content validity and face validity tests. Data from 301 insurance review nurses working in hospitals were analyzed using item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent validity; reliability was tested using Cronbach’s ⍺.
Results
The final JCS consisted of 25 items and five factors (knowledge integration, professional ethics, communication and interpersonal relationship, information literacy and problem solving, self-development) that explained 72.4% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the theoretical model comprising 25 items satisfied all goodness-of-fit parameters. Convergent validity was confirmed by the Task Performance Scale for insurance review nurses (r=.53, p<.001). The total Cronbach’s ⍺ score for scale was .94.
Conclusion
The JCS was found to be a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to measure the job competency of insurance review nurses working in hospitals.

Purpose
This study investigated the effects of job embeddedness and resilience on the relationship between job rotation stress and nursing work performance among clinical nurses. Methods: We conducted a nationwide online survey with 205 nurses employed at advanced general or general hospitals. Data were collected from August 17 to October 5, 2021. We analyzed the data using various descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffé test, Welch test, Games-Howell test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, multiple regression, and the PROCESS macro with a 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval. These analyses were conducted using SPSS Windows Software version 23.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro version 3.5.2. Results: Nurses' job embeddedness mediated the relationship between job rotation stress and nursing work performance (B=-0.02, p<.05). Furthermore, their resilience moderated this mediated relationship, also known as moderated mediation, with job embeddedness as the mediating factor (B=-0.02, p<.05). Conclusion: These findings imply that, when devising a strategy to improve the nursing work performance of nurses undergoing job rotation, their resilience levels should be considered. Reducing job rotation stress while concurrently enhancing job embeddedness is essential for enhancing the nursing work performance of nurses with high levels of resilience.

Purpose
This study investigated the effects of nursing unit managers' authentic, transformational, and transactional leadership styles on positive psychological capital and turnover intention in advanced beginner-stage nurses (ABNs).
Methods
The study included 157 nurses with clinical experience ranging form more than one year to less than 3 years in three general hospitals. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS/WINdows software version 26.0.
Results
Authentic, transformational, and transactional leadership styles of nursing unit managers increased the positive psychological capital of ABNs, thereby lowering their turnover intention. Additionally, the turnover intention of ABNs was negatively correlated with the authentic, transformational, and transactional leadership styles of a nursing unit manager and positive psychological capital. Positive psychological capital showed a mediating effect in the relationship between authentic, transformational, and transactional leadership styles of nursing unit manager and turnover intention of ABNs.
Conclusion
To reduce ABNs turnover, medical institutions and nursing organizations should focus on enhancing nursing unit managers’ transformational and authentic leadership styles. Moreover, as transactional leadership has been found to decrease the turnover intention among ABNs, nursing unit managers should carefully consider their responsibilities and resources allocation to provide conditional compensation support to nurses.

Purpose
A descriptive survey-based study was undertaken to determine how emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between social support and resilience by clinical nurses, thereby providing primary data for improving resilience.
Methods
This study involved a descriptive survey of 202 nurses working in four general hospitals. Using SPSS/WIN 26.0, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and multiple regression analyses were conducted.
Results
Social support had a statistically significant positive correlation with emotional intelligence (β=.49, p<.001) and resilience (β=.47, p<.001). Emotional intelligence showed a statistically significant positive correlation with resilience (β=.66, p<.001). Emotional intelligence was found to have a partial mediation effect on the relationship between social support and resilience (z=5.76, p<.001).
Conclusion
The study also discovered that social support and emotional intelligence are factors influencing clinical nurses' resilience. Furthermore, it evident that emotional intelligence has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social support and resilience. Therefore, it is necessary to consider nurses’ emotional intelligence at the individual level to effectively improve resilience through social support.

Citations

• Effects of Job Stress, Social Support, and Infection Control Fatigue on Professional Quality of Life among Nurses in Designated COVID-19 Hospitals
  Minyoung Shin, Woojoung Joung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 603.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to clarify and analyze the concept of a career plateau among clinical nurses.
Methods
Using Walker and Avant’s concept analysis framework, 20 articles on the career plateau of clinical nurses were selected for this study.
Results
The attributes of the clinical nurses’ structural career plateau were “unmet need for vertical movement” and “accepting of promotion restrictions”. The attributes of the clinical nurses’ content career plateau were “job repetition”, “involuntary job fixation”, “work lethargy”, “low expectations for nursing professional development,” and “indifference to care recipients”. The antecedent factors for the nurses’ career plateau were “lack of organizational support”, “lack of respect from the organization, bosses, and colleagues”, “personal problems arising or remaining unresolved”, “limited autonomy”, and “absence of role models”. As a consequence of the career plateau, job satisfaction, nursing competency, and nursing quality decreased, while burnout and turnover intention increased.
Conclusion
This study is significant in that it clarified the concept and attributes of the clinical nurses’ career plateau by reflecting the characteristics and purpose of nursing.

Citations

• Experiences With a Substitution System for Clinical Nurses' Leave of Absence: A Qualitative Study
  Ae R. Kim, Jeong H. Hong, Seieun Oh, Sangwoon Cho, Hye J. Baek
  Research in Nursing & Health.2025; 48(1): 63.     CrossRef
• Core Competencies and Associated Determinants for Infection Control Nurses by Career Stage Following COVID-19
  Sun Jung, Jeong Sil Choi
  Korean Journal of Healthcare-Associated Infection Control and Prevention.2025; 30(1): 50.     CrossRef
• The effect of malicious and benign envy on career plateau in nurses: a cross-sectional study
  Şehrinaz Polat, Tuğba Yeşilyurt Sevim, Nilgün Göktepe, Leyla Afşar-Doğrusöz
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the occupational performance and development needs, and specifically the priority needs, of general hospital nurses according to their career levels so as to help create an effective nursing management competency development program. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 203 nurses working at three advanced general hospitals in G metropolitan city and C province. The participants completed a questionnaire about behavioral indicators which measured their nursing management performance and development needs. Their career levels were divided into four. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Borich need, and the Locus for Focus model. Results: The mean levels of nursing management performance and competency development needs were 2.78±0.75 and 4.07±0.58, respectively. There was a significant difference in nursing management performance and development needs according to career level (F=6.18, p<.001, F=12.35, p<.001). Priority need analysis showed that level 1, level 2, level 3, level 4 nurses had higher demands for self-development and adaptation to new changes/organization/nursing work performance and information management role/creativity development, respectively. Conclusion: The findings provide a basis for training systems that differentiate between contents and degrees of nursing management competency based on career level to develop nursing human resources.

Citations

• Education in General Radiological Examination Methods Analysis of Improvement Needs
  Young-Ju Moon, Woo-Taek Lim, Young-Cheol Joo, Hong-Ryang Jung, Cheong-Hwan Lim
  Journal of Radiological Science and Technology.2024; 47(6): 523.     CrossRef
• Influence of Emotional Intelligence of Experienced Nurses on Nursing Managerial Competence: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Communication Competence
  Yunji Kang, Jeong-Hee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(1): 79.     CrossRef
• Need analysis for managerial competencies of nurse managers in general hospitals
  Hee-Kyoung Jeong, Seongmi Moon
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2024; 30(1): 82.     CrossRef
• Educational needs for nursing manager competency in Korean hospitals: multi-center cross-sectional study
  Seung-Min Lee, Beob-Wang Ahn, Mi Yu
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study analyzed news titles related to nurses in Korea before and after the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic, and aimed to identify the implications of media reports. Methods: Data from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected from BIGKINDS regarding Korean nurses. Text mining and CONCOR analysis were conducted on the top 30 keywords using TEXTOM and Ucinet 6. Results: From the findings of this study, keywords were related to Taewom and Newborn death in 2019. Additionally, because of COVID-19 and the controversy over the encouragement of President Moon Jae-in, Taewom was included in 2020. Using CONCOR analysis, 6 clusters (characteristics and results of major incidents, the issue related target, Newborn abuse, Taewom, drugs, nursing education) were generated in 2019, and 6 clusters (emergency room, hero, controversy, Taewom, COVID-19, hospital infection) were generated in 2020. Conclusion: Before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the news headlines of nurses consisted of negative keywords, while there were few positive news headlines. In order to improve the image of nurses, it is necessary to continuously analyze media trends and establish strategies accordingly.

Citations

• Agendas on Nursing in South Korea Media: Natural Language Processing and Network Analysis of News From 2005 to 2022
  Daemin Park, Dasom Kim, Ah-hyun Park
  Journal of Medical Internet Research.2024; 26: e50518.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Caring for Cohort-Isolated Patients among Nurses in Locked Psychiatric Units
  Hyeran An, Kyungmi Kim, Jongeun Lee, Sunhwa Won
  Healthcare.2023; 11(19): 2650.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was explored the current nursing issues in the COVID-19 era by analyzing newspaper articles. Methods: The search term “nurse” was used to collect newspaper articles from 2020. Pre-processing and semantic network analysis and topic group clustering were conducted using the NetMiner program to analyze the collected articles. Results: A total of 256 articles were identified, and four topics were extracted. The core keywords were “medical care”, “hospital”, “COVID-19” and “medical workforce”. The extracted topics were “work environment related to response to infectious diseases”, “utilization of nursing resources”, “excessive nursing work”, and “shortage of nursing workforce”. Conclusion: Our findings provide useful information for understanding social perspectives of critical nursing issues in the COVID-19 era. Most of the extracted topics are the actual problems that nurses have faced for a long time. Now, nurses must proactively address current nursing issues to respond to national disasters and provide quality nursing care.

Citations

• Analysis of Headline News about Nurses Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Su-Mi Baek, Myonghwa Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(4): 319.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify trends in nursing ethics education research for Korean nursing students and nurses. Methods: The data search was conducted in July 2020; domestic and foreign academic journals were targeted for the search. A combination of search terms was entered into major databases, and the year of publishing was limited to the last 10 years (2010~2020). Results: The systematic review analyzed 25 experimental and 13 non-experimental studies, and education methods included lectures, discussions, role play, film-use classes related to nursing ethics, action learning, and case-based learning. The meta-analysis of 12 studies revealed that ethical education has significant differences in effect size of biomedical ethics, critical thinking, moral judgment, and moral sensitivity. A subgroup analysis of education methods showed that in addition to traditional lecture and discussion education methods, there were significant differences in the effect size of sense of biomedical ethics between the following two methods: lecture and discussion including additional methods and lecture and discussion only. Conclusion: Ethics education for nursing students and nurses has been found to be effective in improving ethics-related competencies, and various teaching methods other than lectures and discussions must be utilized.

Citations

• A Review of Undergraduate Medical Ethics Education in Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing in South Korea
  Eun Kyung Choi
  Korean Journal of Medical Ethics.2025; 28(3): 157.     CrossRef
• Development and Application of Biomedical Ethics Education e-Learning Contents for College Students Based on Scenarios Using Generative Artificial Intelligence
  Bon-Jin Koo
  Journal of Digital Contents Society.2024; 25(10): 3091.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to explore nurses’ experience in caring for COVID-19 patients. Methods: A total of 10 nurses working in a COVID-19 ward of a public hospital in South Korea were recruited using purposeful sampling. Individual telephone interviews were conducted and then transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Two categories of nurses’ experience in caring for COVID-19 patients emerged; “unstable psychological status” and “adaptation and self-esteem”. “Shortage of staff due to the increase in infected people”, “poor environment due to the urgent construction of a COVID-19 ward”, “unstable operating system”, and “excessive demands and verbal abuse from patients” were “obstacles”, while “cooperation and consideration between colleagues” and “interest and support from the manager” were found to be “sources to boost morale” for nurses in caring for COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: This study can be fundamental data for a deeper understanding of the experiences and challenges faced by frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. It is necessary to provide psychological support for nurses and establish a well-structured nursing care system in order to fight a pandemic such as COVID-19.

Citations

• The Mediating Effects of COVID‐19 Infection Control Fatigue on Quiet Quitting: Focusing on Organisational Justice, Role Ambiguity and Job Satisfaction
  Jaejin Kang, Wonseok Jeong, Seungju Kim
  Journal of Advanced Nursing.2025; 81(7): 3952.     CrossRef
• Assessing work-related fatigue and burden among Egyptian oncology nurses: a cross-sectional study
  Ghada O. El-Khawaga, Abdel-Hady El-Gilany, Heba Ali Hamed Mohamed
  BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Experiences of Person‐Centred Care Among Nurses in COVID‐19 Wards: A Qualitative Study
  Myoungsuk Kim, Yongmi Lee, Hyun‐Ju Kang
  Nursing Open.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Experiences of COVID-19 dedicated ward nurse managers in South Korea: a qualitative study
  Rosa Yoon, Minkyung Gu, Mira Park, Sohyune Sok
  Frontiers in Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Terminal Care Performance of Nurses Caring for COVID‐19 Patients: A Cross‐Sectional Descriptive Study
  Juyeon Oh, Dong‐Hee Kim, Yujin Kim
  Nursing Open.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Depression Among Nurses in General Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Job Demands, Post-traumatic Stress, and Social and Organizational Support
  Si Hyun Baek, Jeong-Hee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 306.     CrossRef
• A Delphi Study on the Changes in Work, Organizational Culture, and Health Issues of Nurses at Tertiary Hospitals in South Korea during the COVID‐19 Pandemic
  MiRa Yun, WonJong Kim, Boas Yu, Eun-Hi Choi, Paolo C. Colet
  Journal of Nursing Management.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Nurses’ Experiences with the Use of Electronic Nursing Record: A Qualitative Study
  Yul Hee LEE, Min Sun KIM, Hee Jung KIM
  Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2024; 24(3): 110.     CrossRef
• Korean Hospital Nurses’ Experiences with COVID-19: A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Findings
  Suk-Jung Han, Hee-Jung Hong, Bok-Soon Shin
  Healthcare.2024; 12(9): 903.     CrossRef
• Improving Emerging Infectious Disease Control Based on the Experiences of South Korean Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Systematic Review
  Ha-Young Park, In-Sun Yeom
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing nurses' compliance related to the use of personal protective equipment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A descriptive cross‐sectional study
  Eun‐Jin Kim, Yeon‐Hwan Park, Hye‐Ran Choi
  Nursing Open.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Influence of Job Stress and Resilience on Burnout of Clinical Nurses Working in Small and Medium-Sized Hospital: Focusing on Comparing National Safety Hospital and COVID-19 Dedicated Hospital
  Su-Young Jang, Young Ko
  Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2023; 23(2): 65.     CrossRef
• Mediation Analysis of Emotional Intelligence on the Relationship between Social Support and Resilience by Clinical Nurses in COVID-19
  Hye-Yeon Shin, Myoung-Lyun Heo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(3): 181.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Psychiatric Nurses Working in a Closed Psychiatric Unit during the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Ji Young Kim, Hyun Kyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(4): 374.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Caring for Cohort-Isolated Patients among Nurses in Locked Psychiatric Units
  Hyeran An, Kyungmi Kim, Jongeun Lee, Sunhwa Won
  Healthcare.2023; 11(19): 2650.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting the Preparedness to Care for Patients with Highly Infectious Diseases among Nursing Staff in Long-term Care Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
  Ye Seul Lee, Min Hye Lee
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(1): 35.     CrossRef
• Priority Analysis of Needs for COVID-19 Infection Control Education for Nurses at a Medium-Sized Hospital
  Hee Kang, Jin Im, Hee-Young Kang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(4): 472.     CrossRef
• Awareness of the epidemiological investigation tasks of the nurse in charge of COVID-19 epidemiological investigations
  Haeng-Mi Son, Won-Hee Choi, Hye-Ryun Yang, Young-Hui Hwang
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(4): 433.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing the Educational Needs and Nursing Intention Regarding COVID-19 Patient Care among Undergraduate Nursing Students
  Eun-Joo Ji, Eun-Kyung Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(23): 15671.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting Fatigue among Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Haeyoung Lee, Seunghye Choi
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(18): 11380.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the job characteristics of the integrated nursing care wards. Methods: For 388 nurses working in the integrated nursing wards of 30 hospitals, the importance, performance frequency, and difficulty of nursing tasks were analyzed using 31 job categories (678 items). Nursing tasks were analyzed using ImportancePerformance Analysis by hospital type. Results: Tertiary hospitals and general hospitals were analyzed using Importance-Performance Analysis, and the categories of general nursing intervention, spiritual and end of life nursing, and nursing during examination differed by hospital type. Other tasks into the same categories. 'Keep up the Good Work' includes 12 tasks: nursing assessment, medication and blood transfusion, admission or discharge management, and cooperation and coordination. 'Concentrate Here' had three tasks: emergency care, education to nurses, self-development. 'Possible Overkill' included supportive contact, environmental management, and product management. 'Low Priority' has ten tasks, including administration and organization management, facility management. Conclusion: Nurses had different perceptions of importance and difficulty according to the tasks. Nursing during the examination, general nursing intervention, spiritual nursing, and end-of-life nursing were placed in different domains according to hospital type. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the nursing tasks and plan to improve workforce management, reflecting these differences.

Citations

• Effects of a mobile simulation program for nursing delegation: A randomised controlled trial
  Haena Lim, Yeojin Yi
  Nurse Education in Practice.2025; 83: 104283.     CrossRef
• Effects of Shared Leadership and Communication Competence on Nursing Team Effectiveness in Comprehensive Nursing Service Units: Focusing on the Team Nursing System
  Hye Jin Kim, Eunjoo Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(2): 143.     CrossRef
• Job performance of nurses with gerontological nurse practitioner certification: A descriptive survey study
  Suyeon Kim, Minjae Lee, Sujin Shin
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2025; 27(2): 199.     CrossRef
• Nursing-Related Behavioral Patterns among Hematologic Cancer Ward Nurses
  Sol-Ha Jeong, Jeongsoo Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2025; 25(3): 146.     CrossRef
• Influence of Work Environment, Missed Nursing Care, and Non-Nursing Tasks of Hospital Nurses on Job Stress
  Ji Yeong Park, Kyoung Ja Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 246.     CrossRef
• Cancer Patients' and Caregivers' Experiences Admitted to Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Wards: An Exploratory Qualitative Research
  Sarah Lim, Mee Young Cho, Hyun Joo Shin, Ki Yeon Song, Soo Kyoung Shim, Yoon Jung Lee, Hea Jin Kwon, Ji Eun Kim, Hui Ean Kim, Hyun Ja Park, Han Wool An, So Jeong Hyeon, Sue Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2024; 24(4): 173.     CrossRef
• An exploratory study of nursing tasks that induce physical and mental stress among hospital nurses
  Younhee Kang, Aekyeong Jin
  Applied Nursing Research.2024; 80: 151853.     CrossRef
• An exploratory study of the practical impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing tasks in clinical settings
  Younhee Kang, Hyeyoung Hwang
  Applied Nursing Research.2024; 76: 151790.     CrossRef
• Development of Guidelines for the Delegation of Nursing Tasks in Integrated Nursing Care Service
  Yeojin Yi, Haena Lim, Ji-Mee Kim, Jung-Hee Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(2): 114.     CrossRef
• Comparison of Nursing Needs and Nursing Performance Perceived by Patients and Nurses in Integrated Nursing Care Service Wards in Small and Medium-Sized Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
  Hee-Sun Choi, Young Shin Cho
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(3): 234.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to define and clarify the concept of colleague solidarity experienced by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A hybrid model method was used to investigate the dimensions, attributes, and definitions of the concept. In the theoretical phase, 20 articles selected through literature review by including nursing and related disciplines were analyzed. For the fieldwork phase, in-depth interviews were conducted with nine nurses who took care of infected patients with COVID-19 at Infectious Diseases Specialized Hospital. Results: The dimensions identified were consistently observed in the field phase, however, more attributes were found newly from the fieldwork phase. In the final phase, the concept of colleague solidarity among the nurses was found to have three dimensions with nine attributes. The interaction dimension had four attributes as voluntary support, mutual respect, open communication, and virtuous circle. The motivation dimension had two attributes of sense of communion and calling. Lastly, the relationship dimension had three attributes of unity, mutually equal relationship, and comradeship. Conclusions: This study is meaningful in observing how the concept of colleague solidarity, which is relatively unfamiliar to domestic nurses, appears in the clinical field during a national crisis and analyzing the concept.

Citations

• Korean Hospital Nurses’ Experiences with COVID-19: A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Findings
  Suk-Jung Han, Hee-Jung Hong, Bok-Soon Shin
  Healthcare.2024; 12(9): 903.     CrossRef
• Development of Colleague Solidarity Scale for Nurses
  Moon Yeon Kong, Nah-Mee Shin
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(5): 504.     CrossRef
• Effects of Job Stress, Social Support, and Infection Control Fatigue on Professional Quality of Life among Nurses in Designated COVID-19 Hospitals
  Minyoung Shin, Woojoung Joung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 603.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing burnout among Korean nurses caring for patients with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
  Seon Yeong Lee, Mi-Ae You, Jeong Ah Ahn, Eun Ji Seo
  Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2023; 25(4): 276.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was done to determine whether the Korean version of the cyberbullying scale developed for adolescents is applicable to newly graduated nurses. Methods: This scale was composed of 14 items with the one-factor structure to measure the degree of cyberbullying and 1 item with multiple responses the media used for cyberbullying. Online survey data were collected from 279 newly graduated nurses who worked in hospital. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis were conducted using SPSS/WIN 26.0 and AMOS 26.0. Results: The one-factor structure was validated through confirmatory factor analysis (x ² =360.22, df=77, Normed Fit Index (NFI)=.91, Tucker Lewis index (TLI)=.92, Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=.93, and Root Mean-Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA)=.12). The correlation coefficient between cyberbullying and workplace bullying was .50 (p<.01), confirming the criterion-related validity. The Korean version of the cyberbullying scale showed reliable internal consistency with a Cronbach’s ⍺ for the total scale of .97. Conclusion: Findings from this study demonstrate that the Korean version of the cyberbullying scale has satisfactory construct validity and reliability to measure cyberbullying experience among newly graduated nurses. The use of this scale will be valuable for future practice and research related to cyberbullying.

Citations

• Greener Communication: To Make Better Understand the Interaction between Aging and the Environment
  Irwansyah, Niken Febrina Ernungstya
  IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2022; 1111(1): 012070.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was done using quantile regression to identify the factors affecting nurses’ turnover intention. Methods: A sample of 163 nurses, who had worked in hospitals for more than 6 months, was recruited from two online nursing communities. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires, which included turnover intention, workplace bullying, empowerment, and sociodemographic and job characteristics. Collected data were analyzed using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation coefficients, and quantile regression. Results: The factors affecting turnover intentions by quantile were partially different, but the predicting factors over 50% quantile were workplace bullying (Q50, b=0.15, p=.002; Q75, b=0.10, p=.025; Q90, b=0.12, p=.012), structural empowerment (Q50, b=-0.64, p<.001; Q75, b=-0.55, p=.005) and experience in current unit (Q75, b=-0.04, p=.013; Q90: b=-0.05, p=.002). Conclusion: Different factors have an influence on nurses’ turnover intention level. Nursing organizations need to develop customized management strategies to address nurses' turnover intention levels based on policies that reduce workplace bullying and strengthen structural empowerment.

Citations

• The Impact of Nursing Organizational Culture and Workplace Bullying on Nursing Performance
  Naeyoung LEE
  THE JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2025; 37(5): 1272.     CrossRef
• Relationship between Ethical Climate, Workplace Bullying, and Turnover Intention of Hospital Nurses in Korea
  Mi-Aie Lee, Hyun Ju Park, Bonghwa Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 457.     CrossRef
• Relationship between a University Hospital Nurses’ Structural Empowerment and Quality of Nursing Work Life: Mediating Effect of Psychological Empowerment
  Eun Bee Baek, Sun Hyoung Bae
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(2): 159.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was done to identify the mediating effect of biomedical ethics awareness in the relationship between moral sensitivity and perceived ethical confidence among nursing students. Methods Participants were 211 nursing students from 7 universities in G city. A self-report questionnaire was used to measure moral sensitivity, biomedical ethics awareness, and perceived ethical confidence. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, and multiple regression analysis using Baron and Kenny's method. Results Moral sensitivity was significantly positively correlated with biomedical ethics awareness (r=.52, p<.001) and perceived ethical confidence (r=.60, p<.001). Biomedical ethics awareness was also significantly correlated with perceived ethical confidence (r=.50, p<.001). Also, biomedical ethics awareness (β=.25, p<.001) showed a partial mediating effect on the relationship between moral sensitivity and perceived ethical confidence. Conclusion The impact of moral sensitivity on perceived ethical confidence in nursing students was mediated by biomedical ethics awareness. Therefore, it is suggest that strategies for improving biomedical ethics awareness in nursing students should be considered when developing an educational program for enhancing their perceived ethical confidence.

Citations

• Assessing the relationship between ethical reasoning confidence and self-esteem among female nursing students for enhancing the quality of work life: A cross-sectional study
  Shaherah Yousef Andargeery, Sally Mohammed Farghaly Abdelaliem
  Medicine.2024; 103(14): e37614.     CrossRef
• Mediating effect of moral sensitivity on the relationship between nursing professionalism and ethical decision-making confidence in nursing students
  Bae-Hwa Kang, Hye-Young Cho
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(2): 180.     CrossRef
• The impact of nursing students’ biomedical and artificial intelligence ethical awareness, ethical values, and professional self-concept on their ethical decision-making confidence
  Seungmi Park, Insun Jang
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(4): 371.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was done to explore research trends on start-up intention of college students in Korea.
Methods
Articles published from 2014 to 2018 were searched. Search term was “start-up intention.” At the first search, 2,137 articles were extracted from academic databases (DB). One hundred forty six articles were used in the systematic review and 88 articles were used in the meta analysis.
Results
There were 384 variables explored in relation to start-up intention. In the correlation and regression analysis, self efficacy and risk taking showed statistical significance in most research. In the meta analysis, career orientation, start-up preparation behavior, and start-up attitude showed statistical significant effect size.
Conclusion
We propose that structural equation model analysis be conducted to find causal relation among variables affecting start-up intention of college students. This will contribute to development of theoretical models for the activation of nursing entrepreneurship.

Citations

• Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention of Clinical Nurses in Korea: A Cross-sectional Study
  Jieon Hong, Yunsoo Kim, Kyu Eun Lee
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(4): 382.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing job satisfaction among ambulatory care nurses.
Methods
Data were collected through a self-evaluation survey of 129 nurses in one tertiary hospital. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Importance-Performance Analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis.
Results
The mean scores were: for importance, 3.18 out of 4, for performance, 2.24 out of 4, for professional self-concept, 2.92 out of 4, and for job satisfaction 2.77 out of 5. There were statistically significant positive correlations between professional self-concept and job satisfaction (r=.37, p<.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that satisfaction with professional self-concept, clinical career, and age explained 47.0% of the job satisfaction of ambulatory care nurses (F=37.51, p<.001). Satisfaction with professional self-concept, clinical career, and age were statistically significant predictors of job satisfaction.
Conclusion
Findings indicate motivation programs according to clinical career would be useful to improve job satisfaction of ambulatory care nurses. Additionally, continuous education should be provided to strengthen the professional self-concept of nursing professionals in both undergraduate curricula and clinical fields.

Citations

• The Patient Safety Management Activities of Hospital Nurses: An Importance and Performance Analysis
  Eunha RYOO, Hyunbong PARK, Na Yeon SHIN, Soyoung YU
  Journal of Nursing Research.2025; 33(3): e396.     CrossRef
• Associations among Gerontological Nursing Knowledge, Attitudes Toward Ageism, and Therapeutic Communication Competency: A Cross-sectional Online Survey among Outpatient Nurses in General Hospitals
  Sunhee Kim, Heejung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2025; 34(2): 164.     CrossRef
• Patient Safety Personnel's Task analysis using Importance and Performance Analysis
  EunJung Shin, JeongYun Park
  Quality Improvement in Health Care.2024; 30(1): 44.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Nursing Competency and Professional Self-concept of Outpatient Nurses Caring for Cancer Patients on Job Satisfaction
  Young Hwa Won, Hee Sun Lee, Kyeom Bi Kim, Jee Yoon Kim, Jeong Hye Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2024; 24(4): 165.     CrossRef
• Effects of Professional Self-concept and Nursing Organizational Culture on Intention of Retention of Middle-aged Nurses
  Jinju Kim, Yeongmi Ha
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(2): 130.     CrossRef
• Influence of Importance and Performance of Nursing Activities and Role Conflict on Professionalism in Outpatient Nurses
  Jueun Cheon, Hye-Young Jang, Minjae Kim, Milye Jung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 235.     CrossRef
• A Phenomenological Study on the Work Experience of Explanation Nurse
  A-Yeon Kim, Yeojin Yi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(3): 191.     CrossRef

Purpose
To develop a Korean version of the practice environment scale that can verify the practice environment of advanced practice registered nurses (APRN) by verifying the validity and reliability of the Nurse practitioner's primary care organizational climate questionnaire developed by Poghosyan et al.
Methods
After translation using a committee approach and an expert group’s verification of the content validity, items were classified as 'professional visibility', 'APRN-administration relations', 'APRN-physician relations', 'independent practice and support' A total of 29 questionnaire items were developed for the four factors. Data were collected from 200 advanced practice registered nurses working at two advanced general hospitals and six general hospitals.
Results
In the confirmatory factor analysis, CFI, TLI, and RMSR evaluation indices were appropriate except for RMSEA. Partial validity was shown in convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the questions were well organized with four factors. Cronbach's ⍺ of the whole instrument was .93.
Conclusion
As a first attempt to measure the practice environment of the APRN in Korea, the results show that this questionnaire provides basic data for correct role setting and improvement of practice environment. This research will ultimately serve as a basis for cost-effective quality care.

Citations

• Effects of Role Conflict, Work Environment, and Meaning of Work on Job Embeddedness among Physician Assistants
  Kwang Hoon Seo, Tae Yeong Yang, Nam Gyu Park, Jung Eun Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 249.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Clinical Practice Nurses' Self-Leadership, Role Conflict, and Practice Environment on Patient Safety Competency
  Jeong Hwa Heo, Ji Hyun Sung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(4): 458.     CrossRef
• Development and validation of a quality of healthy work environment instrument for shift nurses
  Sun-Hwa Shin, Eun-Hye Lee
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Job Roles of the Physician Assistants Working in the Surgical Departments of Tertiary Hospitals in Korea: Content Analysis
  Hyun Sook Lim, Hyang-In Cho Chung, Kyung Joo Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(2): 155.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to identify and define the concept of job-esteem of the hospital nurses.
METHODS
Data were analyzed using the hybrid model, introduced by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim. Data were obtained from a relevant literature review and also from the in-depth interviews of twelve nurses with clinical experience of more than 3 years.
RESULTS
The concept of job-esteem of the hospital nurses was finally analyzed with 5 attributes and 13 indicators of 3 dimensions. The attributes of the personal dimension were professional self-awareness, professional competence, the attribute of organizational dimension was respect and recognition of the organization, the attributes of social dimension were social trust and respect, driving forces of job retention.
CONCLUSION
The job-esteem of hospital nurses is defined as beliefs and values used to evaluate or as expectations of self in the job through which hospital nurses van find professional self-awareness and competence, identify respect and recognition of the organization, recognize the driving forces of social trust, respect and job maintenance. This study is meaningful in that the concept of job respect of hospital nurses was analyzed and basic data for the development of a job-esteem scale for hospital nurses was provided.

Citations

• Factors Influencing the Mental Well-being of Shift Nurses
  Yu Jin Lee, Chung Hee Woo
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2025; 34(1): 54.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nursing Work Environment on Intention to Stay of Hospital Nurses: A Two-Mediator Serial Mediation Effect of Career Motivation and Job-Esteem
  Yu Na Lee, Eungyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(6): 622.     CrossRef
• Factors related to retention intention of new dental hygienists : focusing on working environment
  
  Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Development of Job-Esteem Scale for Korean Nurses
  Hyun Ju Choi, Kwuy Im Jung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(3): 444.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of nurse's work interruptions.
METHODS
Walker and Avant's concept analysis method was used to analyze this concept. Relevant articles published before August 2018 were searched through MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, KISS, and RISS databases using “interruption,”“work or task,” and “nurse” as keywords.
RESULTS
The attributes of work interruption by nurses were as follows: 1) new tasks to do; 2) cognitive transition of work priorities; 3) loss of work continuity; 4) tasks to be resumed. The antecedents of work interruption were intrusion of unplanned events, internal and external factors that result in nurses forgetting their original intentions, an unpredictable work environment, and cultural climate where interruptions are considered as a part of the work process. The consequences of work interruption were decline in job satisfaction, trigger of work errors, lengthening of work completion time, decline in work productivity, increase in work stress, and delay of transferring needed information in a timely manner.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study provide basic data to reduce the negative consequences of nurses' work interruptions, and contribute to expanding the knowledge necessary for improving patients' safety and nurses' performance.

Citations

• Frequency and Associated Factors of Interruptions During the Medication Administration Process Among Nurses in South Korea: A Cross‐Sectional Study
  Seung Gyeong Jang, Eun Young Choi, Seung Ju Baek, Hye‐Mi Moon, Sang Hee Hong, Jin Kyung Cho, Won Lee
  Journal of Advanced Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Assessing the Suitability of Interruption Intervention Strategies in Nursing Medication Administration: A Delphi Study
  Seung Ju Baek, Seung Gyeong Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Soo Ok Han, Won Lee
  Quality Improvement in Health Care.2024; 30(1): 88.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Work Interruption on Workload and Perception of Patient Safety Culture in Ward Nurses
  Doo-Nam Oh, Ye-Won Lee
  Quality Improvement in Health Care.2022; 28(2): 2.     CrossRef
• Development and Validation of a Nursing Work Interruption Scale
  Eun-Jeong Yu, Eun-Nam Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(20): 13487.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was undertaken to understand the determinants of job satisfaction for hospital nurses in Korea. Organization culture is deemed as a strong factor which contributes to overall job satisfaction.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted using five electronic databases to identify Korean studies for the years 1998 to 2017. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software Ver 2.0 was then utilized in data analysis.
RESULTS
A meta-analysis of data from 36 studies indicated that the overall effect size of correlation between organizational culture and job satisfaction was moderate (ESr=.36), and publication year was negatively associated with these factors in the meta-regression model. In addition, the magnitude of the types of organizational culture and job satisfaction varied according to size of the hospitals: innovation-oriented culture for secondary hospitals (ESr=.49) and relation-oriented culture for tertiary hospitals (ESr=.46). Lastly, of four different organizational cultures, innovation-oriented culture showed the strongest correlation with job satisfaction (ESr=.50), followed by relation-oriented culture (ESr=.49), and task-oriented culture (ESr=.30).
CONCLUSION
Results indicate that nursing organization culture plays a significant role in Korean nurses' job satisfaction. The implication of the study is that creating an innovation-oriented and relation-oriented culture in hospitals may effectively promote nurses' job satisfaction more than hierarchy-oriented culture.

Citations

• Effects of social support on organizational commitment among experienced nurses experiencing department rotation: the mediating effect of organizational socialization
  Young Jun Jang, Jeong A Jeong, Yu Seung Ban, Seon Hwa Park, Eun Jee Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(3): 364.     CrossRef
• The effectiveness of a training program on perceptions of caring culture among Turkish nurses: A quasi‐experimental trial
  Mehmet Gülşen, Adalet Kutlu
  International Nursing Review.2024; 71(1): 122.     CrossRef
• Organizational culture: a systematic review
  Addisalem Tadesse Bogale, Kenenisa Lemi Debela
  Cogent Business & Management.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Moderating Effect of Nursing Organizational Culture on the Relationship between Resilience and Clinical Competence of New Graduate Nurses
  Hanna Lee, Eun-Jun Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(5): 483.     CrossRef
• Factors related to the organizational silence of Korean nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Kyungja Kang, Jeong-Hee Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(3): 302.     CrossRef
• Cross-Sectional Association and Influencing Factors of Job Satisfaction and Burnout Among Nurses in Macao
  Kinfong Leong, Pedro Fong, Chiufai Kuok, Lirong Meng
  Sage Open.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Professional Quality of Life in Intensive Care Unit Nurses of University Hospitals
  Sun Jung Moon, Haena Jang
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2022; 15(3): 23.     CrossRef
• Research on the determinants of public employees’ quality of work life: relocation of Korean government agencies to Sejong City
  Soonae Park, Hyo Joo Lee, Sung Min Park
  International Review of Public Administration.2021; 26(4): 390.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Importance and Performance of Nursing Activities, and Professional Self-Concept on Ambulatory Care Nurses' Job Satisfaction
  Yeo Jung Kim, Haena Jang, Jeong Hee Kwon, Jin Ju Hwang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(3): 262.     CrossRef
• Clinical nurses’ beliefs, knowledge, organizational readiness and level of implementation of evidence-based practice: The first step to creating an evidence-based practice culture
  Jae Yong Yoo, Jin Hee Kim, Jin Sun Kim, Hyun Lye Kim, Jung Suk Ki, Tim Schultz
  PLOS ONE.2019; 14(12): e0226742.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
In this study a systematic review and meta-analysis was used to examine the variables related to self-leadership in Korean clinical nurses.
METHODS
A search and screening of the literature uncovered, 49 related studies done between 2003 and 2016 were then reviewed. A meta-analysis of 44 studies from doctoral dissertations, master's thesis and published articles was also carried out. The correlational effect size (ESr) for each related variable was calculated.
RESULTS
Sixty-nine related variables were identified from the systematic review. Twenty-three (5 personal, 13 professional and 5 organizational) variables were eligible for meta-analysis. The overall effect size was .47. The personal factors (ESr=.48) and the professional factors (ESr=.44) had larger effect size than the organizational factors (ESr=.28). Factors with the largest effect size among personal, professional and organizational factors were self-efficacy (ESr=.58), nursing service (ESr=.68) and supervisor's leadership (ESr=.36) respectively.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study show that for Korean clinical nurses individual factors including personal or professional factors have a stronger impact on self-leadership than organizational factors. It is necessary to develop interventions and training programs which focus on improving self-efficacy to promote self-leadership in clinical nurses.

Citations

• Relationship between Social Awareness and Self-Leadership Capabilities: A survey of Indonesian librarians
  Nining Sudiar, Mohamad Noorman Masrek, A’dillah Mustafa
  Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal.2025; 10(SI27): 37.     CrossRef
• Factors Associated with Nurse Self-Leadership: A Cross-Sectional Study of Nurses Working at Public Health Centers and Primary Healthcare Posts
  Saeryun Kim, Younkyoung Kim
  Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 195.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing the clinical competence of nursing students
  Kino Kang, Mihae Im
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(1): 57.     CrossRef
• The Mediating Effect of Professional Values on the Relationship Between Self-Leadership and Compassion Competence of Community Mental Health Nurses
  Hye Young Kim, Won Hee Jun
  Western Journal of Nursing Research.2024; 46(7): 501.     CrossRef
• Factors related to the organizational silence of Korean nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Kyungja Kang, Jeong-Hee Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(3): 302.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Nursing Professionalism on the Nursing Performance in Intensive Care Unit Nurses
  Sunyoung Jung, Hyojung Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(4): 451.     CrossRef
• Effects of Self-leadership, Professional Self-concept, Emotional Labor on Professional Quality of Life in Hospital Nurses
  Yu-Yeong Kyun, Mi-Aie Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 447.     CrossRef
• Variables related to self-leadership of Korean nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Myung Hee Cho, In Ja Jung, Mi Kyung Park
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(3): 213.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing career preparation behavior of nursing students: A systemic review and meta-analysis
  Seon Nyeo Kim, Mi Sun Bang, Hae Yoon Shin, Sue-Kyung Sohn
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(3): 225.     CrossRef
• A Literature Review of Research on Leadership of Korean Hospital Nurse
  Sunmi Kim, Myoung Hee Seo, Seok Hee Jeong, Hee Sun Kim, Yoon Lee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(5): 404.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The study was done to analyze attributes of emotional labor experienced by clinical nurses working in domestic hospitals and to develop tools for measurement.
METHODS
The concept of nurse emotional labor was verified through concept analysis based on Hybrid model. The preliminary Nurse Emotional Labor Scale were examined for content validity, reliability and validity. The scale was verified with 500 nurses working in general hospitals located in Kangwon-do.
RESULTS
Attributes of the nurse emotional labor concept were derived from three types: surface type, internalize type and control behaviors and identified as having six constitutive factors: conscious surface behaviors, casual behaviors, empathy effort, repress, solve and endure. The results of the construct validity test of the tool showed 8 factors. The Nurse Emotional Labor Measurement Tool had a significant correlation (r=.35, p < .001) with the Scale of Morris & Felman in result of criterion-related validity. And the internal consistency reliability Cronbach's α coefficient was .93.
CONCLUSION
The development process showed that to accurately describe emotional labor of nurses, it is necessary to consider not only quantitative aspects but also qualitative aspects and content aspects.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Burnout in Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Room Nurses for Patients Who Attempted Suicide
  Hyo Jung Lee, Nayoon Lee
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2025; 18(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Emotional labour and turnover intention among nurses in China: Mediating effects of nurse–patient relationship and self‐rated health
  Zhixin Liu, Huanyu Zhang, Junping Liu, Juan Zhao, Yajie Feng, Jie Liu, Siyi Tao, Wei Liu, Dandan Zou, Chen Wang, Nan Wang, Zhaoyue Liu, Xinru Liu, Lin Wu, Libo Liang, Weilan Xu, Qunhong Wu, Chaojie Liu
  International Nursing Review.2024; 71(4): 841.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Emotional Labor, Positive Psychological, Capital, and Rewards on the Retention Intention among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Ward Nurses in Regional Public Hospitals
  Kyung Jin Jeon, Min Jeong Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(2): 181.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting on Turnover Intentions of Emergency Department Nurses who have Experienced Verbal Abuse
  Gyoo-Yeong CHO, Mi-Kyung SEO
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2021; 33(2): 314.     CrossRef
• Effect of Emotional Coaching Program for Clinical Nurses on Resilience, Emotional Labor, and Self-efficacy
  Kyung Ryu, Jong Kyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(3): 419.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
To systematically review research articles that examined factors affecting Korean clinical nurses' intention to stay in their jobs.
METHODS
Articles related to Korean clinical nurses and published both in Korean and English languages were retrieved from computerized databases using a manual search. Data extraction, quality assessment, and analysis including meta-analysis were completed.
RESULTS
The review included 15 studies. There was strong evidence for the effects of 19 factors on Korean clinical nurses' intention to stay. Factors were categorized into three major categories; demographic, extrinsic, and intrinsic factors. In the meta-analysis of 10 articles, career experience of more than 6 years was the main factor that led to high intention to stay (OR=−0.5, p < .001). Job performance related factors (28.1%) and nursing work environment or organizational climate for caring (21.9%) were studied as the main extrinsic factors. Job related attitude (28.1%) including job satisfaction and organizational commitment and nursing value (15.6%) were studied as the main intrinsic factors.
CONCLUSION
Expert nurses are more likely to retain their current positions as well as quality workplace environments or psychological capitals. Healthcare organizations must be responsible for improving professional and psychological capital of beginner nurses and affecting change for a warm organizational environment.

Citations

• Effects of Grit and Nursing Work Environment on Work Engagement in Clinical Nurses
  Young Ju Kim, Hye Young Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 312.     CrossRef
• Healthcare Professionals' Job Satisfaction and Its Determinants in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
  Diriba Teshome, Metages Hunie, Moges Gelaw, Basazinew Chekol, Wubet Alebachew, Demeke Mesfin Belay, Bekalu Getnet, Dereje Zewdu, Seyoum Hailu, Simegnew Kibret, Efrem Fenta
  Nursing Open.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Self-Management Interventions for Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review
  Hyejin Lee, Chan Mi Kang
  Healthcare.2025; 13(15): 1918.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Job Stress and Grit on the Retention Intentions of General Hospital Nurses
  Byoung Hee An, Moon Sook Shim
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2025; 39(2): 235.     CrossRef
• Effects of Professional Self-concept and Nursing Organizational Culture on Intention of Retention of Middle-aged Nurses
  Jinju Kim, Yeongmi Ha
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(2): 130.     CrossRef
• The effects of clinical competence and field adaptation on the retention intention of new nurses
  Gyeong Hee Park, Deulle Min
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2024; 30(3): 253.     CrossRef
• Role of Organizational Commitment in Mediating Relationship between Professional Autonomy and Retention Intention among Public Hospital Nurses
  Maria Choi, Hye Young Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 224.     CrossRef
• Effects of grit, calling, and resilience on the retention intention of general hospital nurses
  Gi Ran Lee, Imsun Lee, Mihee Chung, Jiyeon Ha
  International Nursing Review.2024; 71(4): 766.     CrossRef
• Factors Associated with Female Nurses’ Intention to Stay after Returning from Parental Leave in South Korea: A Cross Sectional Study
  Mihae Im, Jihyun Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(1): 1.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Positive Psychological Capital, Perceived Value of Work, and Nurse Practice Environment on Retention Intention in Small-Medium Sized Hospital Nurses
  Su Hye Kwon, Miseon Bang, Young Kyoung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 189.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Career Nurses Balancing Clinical Nursing with Ongoing Studies
  Yunhyung Kim, Yeonsook Joo, Eun Hee Kang, Jeong Hye Kim
  Journal of Korean Association for Qualitative Research.2024; 9(3): 215.     CrossRef
• Growth Overcoming Obstacles as a Clinical Nurse Educator: A Qualitative Study
  Gi Won Choi, Sun Ju Chang, Kyoung‐eun Lee, Joo Ri Kim, Ha Na Jeong
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Exploring nurses' experiences: Abandoning the profession and migrating for improved opportunities
  Paola Galbany-Estragués, Miquel Àngel Giménez-Lajara, Glòria Jodar-Solà, Rocio Casañas, Maria Romeu-Labayen, Encarnación Gomez-Gamboa, Olga Canet-Vélez
  Applied Nursing Research.2024; 77: 151787.     CrossRef
• Effects of External Employment Opportunities, Nursing Professionalism, and Nursing Work Environments on Korean Hospital Nurses’ Intent to Stay or Leave
  Mi-Aie Lee, So-Hee Lim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(5): 4026.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nursing Work Environment on Intention to Stay of Hospital Nurses: A Two-Mediator Serial Mediation Effect of Career Motivation and Job-Esteem
  Yu Na Lee, Eungyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(6): 622.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Work Value, Psychological Ownership and Nursing Working Environment on Intention of Retention in Hospital Nurses
  Ji Hey Kim, Yoon Ju Cho, So Eun Jang
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 62.     CrossRef
• Structural Equation Modeling of Advanced Beginner-Stage Nurses' Intention to Continue Employment
  Seung-Hee Lee, Hwasoon Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 517.     CrossRef
• Effects of Job Embeddedness, Professional Self-concept, and Work-life Balance on Clinical Nurses’ Intention to Stay
  Ae-ri Choi, Jee-In Hwang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 353.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting Nurse Retention Intention: With a Focus on Shift Nurses in South Korea
  Eun-Young Cho, Hwee Wee
  Healthcare.2023; 11(8): 1167.     CrossRef
• Factors related to the organizational silence of Korean nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Kyungja Kang, Jeong-Hee Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(3): 302.     CrossRef
• Influence of Nurses’ General and Job-related Characteristics, Nursing Practice Environment, and Grit on the Intent to Stay among Operating Room Nurses
  Jeongha Lee, Haejung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(3): 203.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Leader-Member Exchange Relationship, Perceived Organizational Support, and Work-Life Balance on Tertiary Hospital Nurses’ Retention Intention
  Ji Hoe Yoon, Hyojung Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(1): 13.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing RNs' Intention to Stay in Nursing Homes: Multilevel Modeling Approach
  Sunyeob Choi, Jiyeon Lee
  Journal of Gerontological Nursing.2023; 49(7): 40.     CrossRef
• Factors related to the nurses’ intention to stay in the Iranian context: A multicenter cross-sectional study
  Parisa Mohammadi, Fatemeh Gheiasi, Kourosh Amini
  Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery.2023; 20(1): 35.     CrossRef
• Do parenting stress, work-family conflict, and resilience affect retention intention in Korean nurses returning to work after parental leave?: a cross-sectional study
  Young-Eun Jung, Mi-Hae Sung
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2022; 28(1): 18.     CrossRef
• Relationship among Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Resilience, and Retention Intention in Nurses who had Perceived Traumatic Events
  Jin Young Lee, Ja Yun Choi
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(4): 403.     CrossRef
• Effects of Non-Pharmacological Interventions to Improve the Sleep of Korean Elderly: A Systematic Review
  Yunhee Park, Hyun Jung Yun
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(1): 67.     CrossRef
• Effects of Leadership Styles of Nursing Managers on Turnover Intention of Hospital Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Yunjeong Cho, Seok Hee Jeong, Hee Sun Kim, Young Man Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(5): 479.     CrossRef
• Effects of Positive Psychological Capital, Job Crafting and Job Satisfaction on Intention of Retention in Hospital Nurses
  Eun-Ah Lee, Yeongmi Ha
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(5): 586.     CrossRef
• Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors Among Health Care Professionals Working in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review
  Hailemichael Kindie Abate, Chilot Kassa Mekonnen
  Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2021; Volume 14: 821.     CrossRef
• Why Do They Stay? Intention to Stay among Registered Nurses in Nursing Homes
  Ji Yeon Lee, Juh Hyun Shin
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(22): 8485.     CrossRef
• Effect of Nursing Organizational Culture, Organizational Health, and Job Crafting on Intent to Stay among Registered Nurses
  Hun Ha Cho, Eun-Young Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(2): 172.     CrossRef
• Factors associated with the nurses’ intent to stay in China, Japan, and Korea: an integrative review
  Ting Xue, Wen-Bin Jiang, Meng-Di Ma, Jie Zhang, Ming-Hui Lu, Yong-Mei Jiang
  Frontiers of Nursing.2020; 7(3): 269.     CrossRef
• Development of Ethical Nursing Competence Self-rating Scale for Clinical Nurses
  Borah Kang, Heeyoung Oh
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(5): 482.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting New Graduate Nurses' Intention on Retention in Hospitals: Focused on Nursing Organizational Culture, Empowering Leadership and Organizational Socialization
  Eun Gyung Kim, Myun Sook Jung, Jong Kyung Kim, Sun Ju You
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(1): 31.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing career preparation behavior of nursing students: A systemic review and meta-analysis
  Seon Nyeo Kim, Mi Sun Bang, Hae Yoon Shin, Sue-Kyung Sohn
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(3): 225.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Organizational Justice, Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence on Intention of Retention in Reemployed Nurses
  Yu Ri Jung, So Young Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 501.     CrossRef
• Effect of Nursing Professionalism and Organizational Communication on Intent to Stay in Geriatric Hospital Nurses
  Bi-Joo Kim, Mi-Aie Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(5): 455.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was done to clarify nurses' duties, tasks and task elements and to develop a job description for clinical nurses on general and intensive care units in tertiary-level hospitals, and dramatically reflect changing medical trends in Korea.
METHODS
The job description was developed based on the Developing a Curriculum Method (DACUM). The questionnaire included frequency, importance, and difficulty of duties, tasks and task elements, measured on a 4-point scale. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Data were collected from September 4 to 7, 2017, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and a scattered graph.
RESULTS
The job description consisted of 10 duties, 38 tasks, and 51 elements. Of the 10 duties, the highest duty in order of importance was ‘Direct nursing care’ followed by ‘Infection control’. The highest duties according to frequency and difficulty were ‘Document and notify’ and ‘Research and quality improvement’. ‘Safety management’ and ‘Infection control’ were considered as relatively simple duties, however, these two duties were still included as important jobs for clinical nurses.
CONCLUSION
The job descriptions for clinical nurses developed from this study contain nursing ethics and safety as well as infection control, to faithfully reflect clinical nurses' jobs.

Citations

• Analysis of Nursing Task in Integrated Nursing Care Wards by Hospital Type
  Yeojin Yi, Haena Lim, Ji-Mee Kim, Jung-Hee Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(2): 131.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to explore patients' experience of participation in their hospital care.
METHODS
Face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview guide were conducted with a total of 21 patients in a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Collected data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis.
RESULTS
Two categories of patients' experience of participation in hospital care emerged: 1) Reactive participatory activity, 2) active participatory activity. Major participatory activities included ‘complying with medical instructions’, ‘listening’, ‘responding’ and ‘questioning’. Healthcare professionals' attentive attitudes and explanation, and availability of care equipment were facilitating factors affecting patient participation in their care, whereas limited accessibility to and poor communication with healthcare professionals, inconvenient patient room, and patient factors were barriers to their participation.
CONCLUSION
The findings in this study reveal that patients tend to participate in their care in a reactive way and that healthcare professionals have a significant role in facilitating patients' participation. Furthermore, the care environment and patient factors need to be considered to promote patient participation in hospital care.

Citations

• The Mediating Role of Patient Safety Perception in the Relationship between Right to Know and Patient Participation among Inpatients
  Sun-Hwa Shin, On-Jeon Baek
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2025; 37(2): 114.     CrossRef
• Illness Experience of Glaucoma Patients
  Hyeon ae Lee, Seon Nyeo Kim, Hwa Young Kim, Sue Kyung Sohn
  Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 99.     CrossRef
• The development and effectiveness of a video education program for echocardiography outpatients
  YoungSook Jeon, Joohyun Lee
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2024; 30(4): 401.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Outpatients’ Experiences of Patient Participation on Patient Satisfaction in Korea
  Shinae Ahn
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(2): 88.     CrossRef
• Hospital Nurses’ Experience of Patient-Centered Nursing
  Soojin Chung, Jee-In Hwang
  Quality Improvement in Health Care.2021; 27(1): 26.     CrossRef
• Good Nursing Experience of Patients with Cancer in a Korean Cancer Hospital
  Eunyoung E. Suh, Hye Jin Yoo, Jeong Hee Hong, In Gak Kwon, Hyunju Song
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2020; 13(3): 51.     CrossRef
• Patient Participation in Patient Safety and Its Relationships with Nurses' Patient-Centered Care Competency, Teamwork, and Safety Climate
  Jee-In Hwang, Sung Wan Kim, Ho Jun Chin
  Asian Nursing Research.2019; 13(2): 130.     CrossRef
• Safety Education Programs for Patients and Families in Overseas Institutions
  Yoon-Sook Kim, Mi-Jeong Kwak, Moon-Sook Kim, Hyun-Ah Kim, Hyuo-Sun Kim, Ja-Hae Chun, Jee-In Hwang
  Quality Improvement in Health Care.2019; 25(1): 2.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was done to clarify the concept analysis of positive psychological capital.
METHODS
Walker and Avant's concept analysis process was used in this study. CINAHL, ProQuest, Web of science, NDSL, RISS databases from 2004 to 2016 were searched using the keywords ‘Positive psychological capital’ and ‘PsyCap’. Sixty-one relevant articles and three book were finally selected.
RESULTS
Analysis of identified literature indicated that positive psychological capital attributes were developable potential, positive cognition, expression of emotion, multiple psychological capability, and resources with positive effect. The antecedents were goal achievement, training, leader's motivation, and supportive organizational environment. The consequences were overall wellbeing which is composed of individual's physical, psychological and social wellbeing and enhancement of work outcome.
CONCLUSION
The findings in this study provide a definition of the concept of positive psychological capital and theoretical evidence for the future research for nurses including program development.

Citations

• Impact of positive psychological capital and shared leadership on nurses’ organizational well-being: a descriptive survey study
  HyunJoo Lee, Dong-Hee Kim, Yujin Kim
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Analyzing the effect of dental hygienists’ resilience and subjective career success on their relationship with intention to stay
  Soo-Auk Park
  Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2025; 25(2): 153.     CrossRef
• Factors affecting pediatric nurses’ development of partnerships with parents of hospitalized children: An evaluation based on the stress-coping adaptation model
  In Young Cho, So Hyoung Hong, Ji Yeong Yun
  Journal of Child Health Care.2025; 29(1): 53.     CrossRef
• The impact of perceived stress on job satisfaction among nurse managers: a moderated mediation model of job burnout and psychological capital
  Hengyu Hu, Shuying Chang, Gang Tian, Zhen Li, Lu Chang, Junmei Zhang, Chunyan Cheng, Hongmei Zhang, Panpan Cui
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Affecting factors of clinical dental hygienists’ intention on retention
  Hye-Jin Lee, Hee-Hong Min
  Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2024; 24(1): 27.     CrossRef
• Job crafting, positive psychological capital, and social support as predictors of job embeddedness on among clinical nurses- a structural model design
  Mi-Soon Yun, Miyoung Lee, Eun-Hi Choi
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Nursing Performance of Intensive Care Unit Nurses: Role of Clinical Reasoning Competence, Positive Psychological Capital, and Nursing Work Environment
  MiRim Heo, Haena Jang
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(2): 83.     CrossRef
• Effect of positive psychological capital on burnout in public hospital nurses: Mediating effect of compassion fatigue is greater than compassion satisfaction
  Sin Ah Kim, Sung Reul Kim, Hye Young Kim
  Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The relationship between psychiatric nurses’ perceived organizational support and job burnout: Mediating role of psychological capital
  Yingxue Tang, Yingxuan Wang, Haiying Zhou, Juan Wang, Rui Zhang, Qinghua Lu
  Frontiers in Psychology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The effect of grit on the work engagement of nurses: The mediating effects of positive psychological capital and burnout
  Mi Kyung Park, Won Hwa Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(2): 161.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nursing Unit Managers’ Authentic Leadership, Transformational Leadership, and Transactional Leadership on Turnover Intention in Advanced Beginner Nurses: Mediation Effects of Positive Psychological Capital
  Eun Jeong Kim, Eungyung Kim, Son Ja Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 409.     CrossRef
• Impact of dental hygienists’ positive psychological capital, growth mindset, and self-leadership on retention intention
  Hye-Eun Cho, Ji-Yeon Lee
  Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2023; 23(6): 441.     CrossRef
• Influence of Work Environment, Job Engagement, and Positive Psychological Capital on Job Embeddedness of Hospital Nurses
  Hee Jung Kwag, Nam Young Yang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(2): 109.     CrossRef
• Structural Equation Modeling of Advanced Beginner-Stage Nurses' Intention to Continue Employment
  Seung-Hee Lee, Hwasoon Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 517.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Positive Psychological Capital and Organizational Justice on Job Embeddedness of Clinical Nurses
  Youn Shin Lee, Heeyoung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(3): 228.     CrossRef
• Influences of positive psychological capital, interpersonal competence, and character on caring efficiency in nursing students
  Suhye Kwon, Minjoo Hong, Min Ryu, Haeyun Shin
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(4): 411.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing nurses’ intention to care for patients with COVID-19: Focusing on positive psychological capital and nursing professionalism
  Sun-a Jeong, Jinhee Kim, César Leal-Costa
  PLOS ONE.2022; 17(1): e0262786.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Emotional Labor, Positive Psychological, Capital, and Rewards on the Retention Intention among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Ward Nurses in Regional Public Hospitals
  Kyung Jin Jeon, Min Jeong Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(2): 181.     CrossRef
• Influences of Job Stress and Positive Psychological Capital on Turnover Intention among Novice Nurses
  Soonjeong Kwon, Moonhee Gang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(3): 159.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Organizational Commitment of Nurses in Korean Red Cross Blood Center: Focusing on Positive Psychological Capital, Communication Ability, and Social Support
  Sun Young Park, Jae Soon Yoo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(2): 179.     CrossRef
• Prediction Model for Nursing Work Outcome of Nurses: Focused on Positive Psychological Capital
  Soon Neum Lee, Jung A Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Effects of Positive Psychological Capital, Reward on Retention Intention of Hospital Nurses
  Sun-Joo Cho, Su-Jin Lim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 563.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nurses' Positive Psychological Capital, Self-Leadership, and Relational Bonds on Organizational Commitment
  Shi Nae Kwon, Hyo Jung Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(3): 241.     CrossRef
• Psychological Capital Mediates the Association between Job Stress and Burnout of among Korean Psychiatric Nurses
  Sooyeong Kim, YoungRan Kweon
  Healthcare.2020; 8(3): 199.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify nursing service costs associated with all health care costs incurred by the institution.
METHODS
This study was an empirical case study research in which the nursing cost was separated from total medical cost. The nursing cost index was calculated through a cost allocation method after summarizing costs for personnel, raw materials and administration of each department in one public hospital. The 2014 budget plan, published in ‘Public Hospitals Alert’, was used as data and the data were analyzed using the Microsoft Office EXCEL 2013 program.
RESULTS
When comparing total medical costs and nursing costs, the nursing cost were 27.14% of the total medical cost. The nursing cost per nurse per hour was calculated as â‚©29,128 The nursing cost per inpatient per day was calculated as â‚©157,970, and the administration cost per patient was calculated as â‚©133,710.
CONCLUSION
The results of the research present the process of cost allocation of specific cost elements in the hospital and evidence for administrative costs which in the past have been only vaguely formulated. These are the significant implications of this study.

Citations

• Developing and testing a Korean patient classification system for general wards based on nursing intensity
  Yukyung Ko, Bohyun Park, Hanju Lee, Donghwan Kim
  Nursing Open.2021; 8(4): 1870.     CrossRef
• A Study on the Status of Application of Health Insurance Fees for Nursing Activities of Nurses in Rehabilitation Unit
  Oon Hee Yee, Sun-Houng Kim, Mihwa Cho, Kyung Hee Moon, Seungyoung Lee
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2021; 24(1): 1.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study aimed to identify research trends in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration from 2013 to 2015.
METHODS
For this study, 171 articles were analyzed. Research designs, participants, research settings, sampling, and data analyses methods were reviewed using established analysis criteria. Keyword centrality and clusters were generated by keyword network analysis.
RESULTS
Most of studies used quantitative methods (82.5%), and sampling mainly focused on nurses (68.8%). The most commonly used data analyses methods were t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and regression. The most central keywords were turnover and empowerment. Network analysis generated four network groups: 1) burnout; 2) turnover; 3) happiness; and 4) nursing professionalism.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study identify current trends and interests in Korean nursing administration research. The findings from this study suggest that future studies include a variety of research methods and maintain appropriate research ethics.

Citations

• Future Outlook of Nursing Management Research: Analysis of Articles Published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration from 2012-2021
  Eungyung Kim, Sung-Hyun Cho, Jihyun Kim, Jong Kyung Kim, Eunhee Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 553.     CrossRef
• Nurses’ Experience and Satisfaction as Research Participants in Nursing Research - A View of Protecting Vulnerable Populations: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
  Go-Eun Lee, Sanghee Kim
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(6): 565.     CrossRef
• Research trends in Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion from 1984 to 2021
  Nan-He Yoon, Young-Bok Kim, Hyunjong Song, Jieun Lee, Jung Eun Choi
  Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2022; 39(5): 127.     CrossRef
• Using Text Network Analysis for Analyzing Academic Papers in Nursing
  Chan Sook Park
  Perspectives in Nursing Science.2019; 16(1): 12.     CrossRef
• Verification of air brush effectiveness using cosmeceutical ingredients
  Hyun Jung Kim, Min Sook Jung, Jeong Min Shin, Yu Kyung Hur
  Biomedical Dermatology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Analysis of Theory-applied Research in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration (2007~2016)
  Hyunju Ji, Soyun Hong, Yi-Rang Jeong, Kyung Hee Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(2): 130.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Qualitative Research Published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration (First publication to the end of 2016)
  Kwang-Ok Park, Soyoung Yu, Eunhee Lee, Jee-In Hwang, Miyoung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2017; 23(4): 427.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this research was to provide patients with safe preoperative preparatory procedures by removing any risk factors from the preparatory procedures by using failure mode and effects analysis, which is a prospective risk-managing tool.
METHODS
This was a research design in which before and after conditions of a single group were studied, Failure mode and effects analysis were applied for the preparatory procedures done before operations.
RESULTS
The preparation omission rate before the operation decreased from 2.70% to 0.04%, and operation cancellation rate decreased from 0.48% to 0.08%.
CONCLUSION
Failure mode and effects analysis which remove any risk factors for patients in advance of the operation is effective in preventing any negligent accidents.

Citations

• Assessment of Radiation Safety Incident Risk Factors in Radiation Oncology Department Using the P-mSHEL Factor Analysis Model
  Young-Lock Kim, Dae-Gun Kim, Jae-Hong Jung
  Journal of Radiological Science and Technology.2024; 47(4): 287.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of nurses' safety within the context of the hospital environment.
METHODS
We used Rodgers' method of evolutionary concept analysis and reviewed the relevant literature and noted and categorized characteristics that appeared frequently.
RESULTS
Nurses' safety was defined as safe status and safe activity among nurses. Three key defining attributes were identified as: (a) the minimization of actual or perceived risk, (b) personal duties and rights, and (c) ensuring within a safe working environment. Antecedents of nurses' safety were categorized into three dimensions: (a) individual, including vigilance and knowledge gained through education and training; (b) institutional, including safety provision in the organizations; and (c) national, including legislation. The outcomes of nurses' safety included the following: (a) continued competence in nurses' work; (b) enhancement of the quality of patient care; and (c) reductions in nurses' turnover rates.
CONCLUSION
Nurses' safety ensures that qualified nurses are able to continue to perform their duties and provide good patient care. The findings of this study could contribute to future research examining nurses' safety. In addition, appropriate tools must be developed to measure the concept.

Citations

• Factors affecting nurses' attitudes towards risks in the work environment: A cross‐sectional study
  Sibel Gülen, Ülkü Baykal, Nilgün Göktepe
  Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(7): 3264.     CrossRef
• Occupational stressors in oncology nurses: A qualitative descriptive study
  Mozhgan Soheili, Fariba Taleghani, Fariba Jokar, Maryam Eghbali‐Babadi, Mehran Sharifi
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2021; 30(21-22): 3171.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to identify nurses' role in the delivery of health guidance service within the annual health guidance membership service.
METHODS
Dynamic job analysis process was applied with vertical job analysis and horizontal job analysis through a focus group workshop and expert survey.
RESULTS
As a result of this study, job description was established with 4 duties, 11 tasks, 60 task elements. Major duties consisted of 'professional nurse practice', 'coordination and cooperation', 'education and consultation', and 'administrative work and improvement'. A job process map was also framed.
CONCLUSION
The results can be used to establish nurses' role in providing health care service. Ongoing research on nurse's role as a health guider will be a fundamental base for health care service development and will contribute to expansion of common health management services.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze students experiences during clinical practice in nursing management.
METHODS
Assessing through computerized databases, self-reflection reports of 57 students were analyzed. Text network analysis was applied to examine the research. The keywords from each student's reports were extracted by using the programs, KrKwic and NetMiner.
RESULTS
The results of the keyword network analysis of what students learned in the nursing process included 27 words. The keyword network analysis of what students learned from the problem solving process included 23 words and the keyword network analysis of improvements in Clinical Practice of Nursing included 31 words.
CONCLUSION
Studies related to clinical practice have been increasing, and themes of the studies have also become broader. Further research is required to investigate factors affecting clinical practice specifically in nursing management. Further comparative studies are necessary to define differences in clinical practice systems related to improving nursing students competency.

Citations

• Examining Students’ Experience with the Nursing Management Practicum Based on the Service Design
  Yoomi Jung, Myungja Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(3): 214.     CrossRef
• Development of a Simulation Program related to Patient Safety: Focusing on Medication Error
  Mi Yu, Eun-Young Kim, Jong Kyung Kim, Youngjin Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(2): 107.     CrossRef
• Locational Factors Influencing Initial Application Rates for Apartment Sales : Hakse-kwon, Yeokse-kwon, Soopse-kwon and Their Respective Proximity to Educational Institutes, Subway Station and Green/Open Spaces as Advertised in Newspapers
  Hye-Lin Myoung, Yunwon Choi, Heeyeun Yoon
  Journal of Korea Planning Association.2020; 55(1): 85.     CrossRef
• Experience of Nursing Management Practice in Graduate Nurses
  Kwang-Ok Park, Jong Kyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(4): 259.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing on Self-directed Learning in Clinical Practice of Nursing Students
  Eunsoo Lee, Miyoung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2019; 25(2): 163.     CrossRef
• The Network Analysis of Nursing Diagnoses for Children Admitted in Pediatric Units Determined by Nursing Students
  Mikyung Moon
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2017; 42(3): 223.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Research Articles Published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration for 3 Years (2013~2015): The Application of Text Network Analysis
  Tae Wha Lee, Kwang-Ok Park, GyeongAe Seomun, Miyoung Kim, Jee-In Hwang, Soyoung Yu, Seok Hee Jeong, Min Jung, Mikyung Moon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2017; 23(1): 101.     CrossRef
• Semantic Network Analysis of Online News and Social Media Text Related to Comprehensive Nursing Care Service
  Minji Kim, Mona Choi, Yoosik Youm
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2017; 47(6): 806.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide a concept analysis of nursing leadership.
METHODS
The concept analysis process of Walker and Avant (2011) was used. A review of the literature was conducted using several databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, Ovid-Medline, DBpia, and KISS. The databases were searched using the following terms 'nursing leadership', 'nursing' & 'leadership', and 'nurse & 'leadership', and for studies published from January 2000 to March 2015. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied.
RESULTS
Analysis of these studies indicated nursing leadership attributes were individual growth, collaboration, nursing excellence, creative problem solving, and influence. The antecedents of nursing leadership were the individual maturity level, construction of mutual trust and confidential relationships, and a job requirement. The consequences were improvement in nursing productivity, development of a supportive work environment, and satisfaction with the nursing profession.
CONCLUSION
The findings in this study provide a definite concept of nursing leadership. The findings also provide the theoretical evidence for the development of nursing leadership competencies in nursing students and professional nurses.

Citations

• Effects of a nursing leadership program on self-leadership, interpersonal relationships, clinical performance, problem-solving abilities, and nursing professionalism among nursing students in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study
  Sunmi Kim, Young Ju Jeong, Hee Sun Kim, Seok Hee Jeong, Eun Jee Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(1): 137.     CrossRef
• Leadership of Novice and Advanced Beginner Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Sunmi Kim, Myoung Hee Seo, Seok Hee Jeong
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(4): 371.     CrossRef
• Impact of Leadership in Sustainability of Nursing Education: Qualitative Paradigm
  M.A Zakari Nazik, Hanadi Hamadi, Ebtesam Abdulrahman Jibreel, Nadia Aljaber, Ahmed Almohesan
  Advanced Health Science and Technology Journal.2025; 1(1): 39.     CrossRef
• Global research trends in nursing leadership from 1985 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis
  Changchang Chen, Xutong Zheng, Wenjie Chen, Hezi Mu, Man Zhang, Hongjuan Lang, Xuejun Hu
  Leadership in Health Services.2024; 37(3): 359.     CrossRef
• General Nurses’ Nursing Leadership Experience in Patient Care: Applying Focus Group Interviews
  Ji-Mee Kim, Haena Lim, Yeojin Yi, Jung-Hee Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(1): 19.     CrossRef
• Factors Related to Emotional Leadership in Nurses Manager: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Se Young Jang, Chan Mi Park, Eun Hee Yang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(2): 119.     CrossRef
• Effects of Patient Safety Management System, Leadership, and Communication Types on Nurse’ Patient Safety Management Activities
  Eunji Lee, Haejung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 367.     CrossRef
• The Leadership Experience of Advanced Practice Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital Setting : Focus Group Interview
  Eun Sook Kim, Nayeon Kim, Su Jung Choi, Nari Kim, Young Hee Kim, Jung Yoon Lee, Eun-Hye Kim
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 48.     CrossRef
• Nursing leaders' perceptions of the state of nursing leadership and the need for nursing leadership education reform: A qualitative content analysis from South Korea
  Hae‐Ok Kim, Insook Lee, Byoung‐Sook Lee
  Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(7): 2216.     CrossRef
• Development of international nursing standard–based curriculum for North Korean nurses
  Younhee Kang, Insook Yang, Eliza Lee, Chohee Bang
  International Nursing Review.2022; 69(4): 503.     CrossRef
• Nursing Leadership Competencies among New Nurses: Perceptions of Nursing Managers’
  Jimee Kim, Sung Kyung Hong, Mi Mi Park, Jae Sun Yu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(5): 344.     CrossRef
• Concept Analysis of Leadership Activities in the Nursing Students
  Jeong-Soo KIM
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2021; 33(3): 667.     CrossRef
• A Literature Review of Research on Leadership of Korean Hospital Nurse
  Sunmi Kim, Myoung Hee Seo, Seok Hee Jeong, Hee Sun Kim, Yoon Lee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(5): 404.     CrossRef
• Reliability and Validity of the Clinical Competency Scale for Nursing Students
  Bo Young Kim, Myeong Jeong Chae, Yun Ok Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2018; 29(2): 220.     CrossRef
• Validity and Reliability of the Nurses' Self-Concept Instrument (NSCI) for Registered Nurses in Long-term Care Hospitals
  Jung Mi Ryu, Myoung Soo Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(4): 366.     CrossRef
• A Study on Evaluation System for Nursing Bachelor Degree Program Outcomes: Focus on Improvement in Nursing Leadership Ability
  Keum Seong Jang, Bok Nam Kim, Seok Hee Jeong, Yun Min Kim, Jung Sook Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(5): 540.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was done to evaluate validity and reliability of the Korean version of the expanded nursing stress scale (ENSS).
METHODS
Forward-backward translation of ENSS from English to Korean was conducted. The translated instrument was pilot-tested and administrated to 285 nurses who worked in five general hospitals in Korea. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Validity was evaluated through construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity.
RESULTS
The Korean version of ENSS showed a reliable internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha .95 and composite reliability .99. Model fit indexes for 46 items were validated by confirmatory factor analysis(goodness of fit index .82, Tucker-Lewis index .92, root mean square error of approximation .04), indicating suitable construct validity. Factor loading of the 48 items (.47~.88) and average variance extracted out of nine factors (.52~.71.) indicated satisfactory convergent validity. Some values of square of the correlation coefficient between factors (.12~.89) were higher than average variance extracted values of each factor (.52~.71) so that it partly satisfied discriminant validity.
CONCLUSION
Findings show that the Korean version ENSS has good reliability and suitable validity; therefore, can be used to assess and identify Korean nurses' job stress.

Citations

• AI‐Assisted Tailored Intervention for Nurse Burnout: A Three‐Group Randomized Controlled Trial
  Gumhee Baek, Chiyoung Cha
  Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Intentions to leave the job and nursing profession among nurses in Kenya’s referral hospitals: exploring the effects of organizational culture, work-related stress and job satisfaction
  Evans Kasmai Kiptulon, Miklós Zrínyi, Adrienn Ujváriné Siket
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Occupational Stress and Sleep Quality Among Hungarian Nurses in the Post-COVID Era: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Nóra Rozmann, Katalin Fusz, John M. Macharia, Dávid Sipos, Zsuzsanna Kivés, Orsolya Kövesdi, Bence Raposa
  Healthcare.2025; 13(16): 2029.     CrossRef
• Influence of emotions on clinical performance in acute care: A scoping review
  Cheng En Xi, Sylvain Boet, Alexandre Assi, Lindsey Sikora, Meghan M. McConnell, Maheshkumar Baladaniya
  PLOS One.2025; 20(8): e0329445.     CrossRef
• Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) as a job-stress assessment tool for nurses
  
  e-Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors influencing job stress in pediatric nurses during the pandemic period: Focusing on fatigue, pediatric nurse−parent partnership
  Bo Yeong Jeon, Sun Jeong Yun, Hye Young Kim
  Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Transforming nursing work environments: the impact of organizational culture on work-related stress among nurses: a systematic review
  Evans Kasmai Kiptulon, Mohammed Elmadani, Godfrey Mbaabu Limungi, Klara Simon, Lívia Tóth, Eva Horvath, Anna Szőllősi, Dahabo Adi Galgalo, Orsolya Maté, Adrienn Ujváriné Siket
  BMC Health Services Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Stress, COVID‐19 related knowledge, attitude, and infection control performance of nurses at long‐term care hospitals
  Ji Ae Shim, Sun Young Jeong
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2023; 25(2): 247.     CrossRef
• Factors affecting triage competence among emergency room nurses: A cross‐sectional study
  Seokhwa Hwang, Sujin Shin
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2023; 32(13-14): 3589.     CrossRef
• Effects of Gratitude Disposition, Social Support, and Occupational Stress of Clinical Nurses on Grit
  Ha-Na Lee, Hwee Wee
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(1): 56.     CrossRef
• The influence of workplace stress and coping on depressive symptoms among registered nurses in Bangladesh
  Reva Mondal, Yajai Sitthimongkol, Nopporn Vongsirimas, Natkamol Chansatitporn, Kathy Hegadoren
  Belitung Nursing Journal.2022; 8(1): 11.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Anger Management Program for Nurses
  Kyoungsun Yun, Yang-Sook Yoo
  Asian Nursing Research.2021; 15(4): 247.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor Strategies, Stress, and Burnout Among Hospital Nurses: A Path Analysis
  Ji‐Soo Kim
  Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2020; 52(1): 105.     CrossRef
• Nursing stress factors affecting turnover intention among hospital nurses
  Eun‐Kyoung Lee, Ji‐Soo Kim
  International Journal of Nursing Practice.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life in a Sample of Cancer Survivor Female Nurses
  Ju Hyun Jin, Eun Ju Lee
  Medicina.2020; 56(12): 721.     CrossRef
• Psychological Capital Mediates the Association between Job Stress and Burnout of among Korean Psychiatric Nurses
  Sooyeong Kim, YoungRan Kweon
  Healthcare.2020; 8(3): 199.     CrossRef
• Influence of Secondary Trauma Stress, and Vocation on Turnover Intention of Nurses in Regional Trauma Centers
  Hyun-Gwan Lee, Ji-Soo Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(1): 65.     CrossRef
• The Nursing Stress Scale-Spanish Version: An Update to Its Psychometric Properties and Validation of a Short-form Version in Acute Care Hospital Settings
  Ana María Porcel-Gálvez, Sergio Barrientos-Trigo, Sara Bermúdez-García, Elena Fernández-García, Mercedes Bueno-Ferrán, Bárbara Badanta
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(22): 8456.     CrossRef
• Nurses' Awareness of Psychological Distress and Delirium in Cancer Patients and Job Stress
  Mi Ae Park, Eunsook Choi
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2017; 17(4): 252.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify nurse's role through job analysis of nursing duties for nurses working on East Asia traditional medicine wards.
METHODS
Major steps in the study included a literature review, description of job activities of nurses on oriental medicine wards, comparative description of the literature, expert tests of validity of derived duties and tasks, and investigation of importance, difficulty and frequency of duties on job list.
RESULTS
The job of nurses on oriental medicine wards was classified into 12 duties, 59 tasks, and 295 task elements. The 12 duties were nursing assessment, nursing diagnosis, nursing planning, nursing implementation, nursing evaluation, supplies management, management of human resources, management of environment, management of documents, formation of cooperative relationships, self-development, and nursing activity in oriental medicine. 'Formation of cooperative relationships' was the duty ranked highest for importance (4.34), 'self-development' was ranked highest for difficulty (3.47), and 'Formation of cooperative relationships' was ranked highest for frequency (4.21).
CONCLUSION
Basic education for nurses on an oriental medicine unit is necessary for the performance of oriental nursing to be considered as a specialized field. This study contributes to human resource management in the oriental medical hospital.

Citations

• A Concept Analysis of Yangsaeng (Nurturing Life) Using Rogers’ Evolutionary Method
  Youngmi Kang, Minkyung Gu
  Holistic Nursing Practice.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• A Job analysis of Hospital Midwives: A DACUM Analysis
  Yunmi Kim, Sunok Lee, Jummi Park, Sunhee Lee, Miyoung An, Buyoun Kim
  Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health.2023; 27(2): 119.     CrossRef
• A Concept Analysis of Traditional Korean (Hanbang) Nursing
  Youngmi Kang, Won Ju Hwang, JiSun Choi
  International Journal of Nursing Knowledge.2019; 30(1): 4.     CrossRef
• Adjusting Process of Nurses to an Oriental Medical Unit
  Mee-Hun Lee, Hyoung-Sook Park, Jae-Hyun Ha
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2017; 29(6): 615.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
Purpose of the study was to investigate task performance, importance, knowledge, and level of job stress and job satisfaction of nurses working in a hospital with no family or family paid auxiliary caregivers.
METHODS
Participants were 119 nurses working in hospitals with no guardians. The questionnaire contained 488 items: general characteristics, performance, importance, knowledge of nursing tasks, job stress and job satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS/WIN 21.0.
RESULTS
Most frequently performed nursing tasks were patient nursing management and information management. Nursing tasks perceived as most important were medication and transfusion and nursing tasks with the highest knowledge were also medication and transfusion. Nursing task (subcategory) most frequently performed was oral medication. Nursing task (subcategory) perceived as most important was mental status observation and nursing task (subcategory) with the highest knowledge was vital sign check. Nurses' job stress was significantly associated with job satisfaction. The mean scores for nurses' job stress and job satisfaction were low.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that nurses working in hospitals with no guardians perform daily living assistance services more often than previously, and nurses need to be prepared to do these tasks.

Citations

• Influence of Job Delegation Preparedness, Individual and Organizational Communication Skills on Job Stress of Nurses in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Wards
  Soo Jin Lee, Ji Won Kim, Nam Hee Park
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2025; 39(1): 5.     CrossRef
• Factors Associated with Intent to Leave and Burnout among Canadian Nurses Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Quantitative Analysis of the Survey on Health Care Workers’ Experiences During the Pandemic
  Kishana Balakrishnar, Bao-Zhu Stephanie Long, Alexia M. Haritos, Edris Formuli, Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
  Canadian Journal of Nursing Research.2025; 57(3): 448.     CrossRef
• Exploring the causes and consequences of non-nursing tasks among nurses in Jordan: An in-depth qualitative investigation
  Ayman Abed Aldarawsheh, Ahmad Rajeh Saifan, Murad Adnan Sawalha, Enas A. Assaf, Intima Alrimawi, Rami A. Elshatarat, Zyad T. Saleh, Wesam T. Almagharbeh, Nermen A. Mohamed, Mudathir M. Eltayeb
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• A phenomenological study of the experiences of nurses working in integrated nursing care wards in Korea
  Young-mi Cho, Sun-hui Kim
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Job stress, Resilience and Geriatric Nursing Performance of Nurses in the General Hospital Comprehensive nursing care service
  Ye-Eun Shim, Moon Sook Shim
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2024; 38(1): 28.     CrossRef
• The effect of nurses’ knowledge and self-confidence on delirium nursing performance of nurses in an integrated nursing and caring services ward: A cross-sectional descriptive study
  Ho Yeong Kim, Su Ol Kim
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2024; 26(1): 80.     CrossRef
• Comparison Between Comprehensive Nursing Care Ward and Private Care Ward on Functional Recovery in Stroke Patients
  Yang Rok Hur, Woo Sup Song, Kyung Min Kim, Ki Hun Hwang
  Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing on Performance for Infection Control of Nurses Working in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Ward under COVID-19 Pandemic
  Mi Jin Kwon, Yeojin Yi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(2): 121.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Nursing Task in Integrated Nursing Care Wards by Hospital Type
  Yeojin Yi, Haena Lim, Ji-Mee Kim, Jung-Hee Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(2): 131.     CrossRef
• Nurses' perspectives of the patient care experience assessment items using importance–performance analysis
  Hyo Jin Kang, Soyoung Yu
  Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(7): 3247.     CrossRef
• What does family involvement in care provision look like across hospital settings in Bangladesh, Indonesia, and South Korea?
  J. Y. Park, J. F. Pardosi, M. S. Islam, T. Respati, K. Chowdhury, H. Seale
  BMC Health Services Research.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Relationship of Stress Variables with Reduction of Job Satisfaction Level of Nurses during COVID-19 Period
  Amit Mahajan, Parul Jhajharia, Bishan Singh Nagi
  Health and Population: Perspectives and Issues.2022; 45(4): 202.     CrossRef
• Evaluating the Correlation Between Nursing Practice and Electronic Nursing Records Using Importance-Performance Analysis
  Hyunbong Park, Soyoung Yu, Seon Heui Lee
  CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2021; 39(9): 492.     CrossRef
• Effects of Customer Orientation, Belief of Patient Activation and Professional Self-concept on Caring Behaviors of Nurses in Comprehensive Nursing Care Units
  Ji Eun Jeon, Eun Hee Kim
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2021; 46(3): 344.     CrossRef
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  Se-Na Lee, Bomi Kim, Hyojung Park
  Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2021; 44: 101447.     CrossRef
• The Relationships Between Oncology Nurses’ Attitudes Toward a Dignified Death, Compassion Competence, Resilience, and Occupational Stress in South Korea
  Sun-A Park, Hee Jung Park
  Seminars in Oncology Nursing.2021; 37(3): 151147.     CrossRef
• Empathy and Self-Efficacy in Elderly Nursing Practice among Korean Nurses
  Seyoon Kim, Hyun Jin Roh, Sohyune Sok
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(6): 3072.     CrossRef
• Effects of Awareness of Patient Safety Culture, Emotional Labor and Job Stress on Patient Safety Nursing Activities by Comprehensive Nursing Care Medical Service Ward Nurses
  Hyo Jeong Choi, Yun Mi Lee, Hyo Jin Park
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2021; 14(3): 87.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Nurses' Work Experience in Comprehensive Nursing Care Units of Small and Medium-sized Hospitals
  Mi Ryeong Song, Su Hyang Ryu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(4): 419.     CrossRef
• Effect of Aggression Management Training on Perceived Stress Levels of Nurses Working in Mental Health Care Settings in Jordan
  Rami Masa'Deh, Omayma Masadeh, Samiha Jarrah, Manar AlAzzam, Fadwa Alhalaiqa
  Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services.2020; 58(10): 32.     CrossRef
• Impact of nurse staffing on intent to leave, job satisfaction, and occupational injuries in Korean hospitals: A cross‐sectional study
  Sujin Shin, Seung Jin Oh, Jeonghyun Kim, Inyoung Lee, Sung‐Heui Bae
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2020; 22(3): 658.     CrossRef
• Impact of South Korea’s Comprehensive Nursing Service Policy on Nurse and Patient Outcomes
  Seon Heui Lee, Soyoung Yu, Miok Kim, Hee Sun Kim
  Healthcare.2020; 8(3): 223.     CrossRef
• Examining the inclusion of patients and their family members in infection prevention and control policies and guidelines across Bangladesh, Indonesia, and South Korea
  Ji Yeon Park, Jerico Franciscus Pardosi, Holly Seale
  American Journal of Infection Control.2020; 48(6): 599.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Nurses’ Job Satisfaction in Integrated Nursing and Care Services Unit: Focused on Compassion Fatigue, Compassion Satisfaction and Communication Efficacy
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  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2019; 22(2): 124.     CrossRef
• Effects of Self-Efficacy and Job Stress on Organizational Commitment among Clinical Dental Hygienists
  Kyeong-Jin Lee, Young-im Kim
  Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2019; 19(1): 60.     CrossRef
• Students’ Observations of the Nursing Role in Seven Nations
  Sheri P. Palmer, Leslie W. Miles
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• Patient safety competency and the new nursing care delivery model
  Jaeok Jin, Yeo Jin Yi
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• A Comparative Study on the Job Stress, Burnout and Nursing Performance of Nurses in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Wards and Nurses in General Wards
  Youn Sil Kim, Jung Ae Park, Eun Koung Seo
  Stress.2019; 27(1): 46.     CrossRef
• Video Recording of Nursing Care Activities in Gerontological Nursing to Compare General Units and Comprehensive Nursing Care Units
  Sung-Heui Bae, Jeonghyun Kim, Inyoung Lee, Seung Jin Oh, Sujin Shin
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• Hospitalization Experience of Patients Admitted to Nursing Care Integrated Service Wards in Small and Medium-size General Hospitals
  Hyun Ju Choi, A Leum Han, Young Mi Park, JI Hyeon Lee, Young Sook Tae
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• Nurses’ needs for care robots in integrated nursing care services
  Jai‐Yon Lee, Young Ae Song, Ji Young Jung, Hyun Jeong Kim, Bo Ram Kim, Hyun‐Kyung Do, Jae‐Young Lim
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• Adequacy of Nurse Staffing Level in Integrated Nursing Care
  Jinhyun Kim, Sungjae Kim, Jinhee Park, Euntae Park, Suyong Jeong, Eunhee Lee
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• The influence of nursing care integration services on nurses’ work satisfaction and quality of nursing care
  Jeong-Im Ryu, Kisook Kim
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• Nursing Tasks and Practice Environment for Nursing Work Perceived by Nurses Working on Comprehensive Wards versus General Wards
  Sung Hee Ahn, Sun Hee Jung, Jung Hwa You, Mi-Aie Lee
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  Jinhyun Kim, Sungjae Kim, Euntae Park, Suyong Jeong, Eunhee Lee
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• A Study on the Types of Hospitals Participating and the Factors Influencing Comprehensive Nursing Service
  Ki-Sung Kim, Shin-Ho Lee, Mun-Hyung Ryu
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• Experience of Nurses Participating in Comprehensive Nursing Care
  Kwang-Ok Park, Mi Yu, Jong-Kyung Kim
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• Clinical Nurses' Job Stress, Emotional labor, Nursing Performance, and Burnout in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service Wards and General Wards
  So-Eun Kim, Ji-Young Han
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• Comparison Analysis between Integrated Nursing Care Service and Non Integrated Nursing Care Service through Electronic Nursing Documentation
  Seung Shin Lee, Soyoung Yu
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• Perception on Nursing Practice of Total Care Service in Nursing Students
  Mi-Kyoung Cho, Byung-Chul Koo, Ga-Ran Kim, Hong-Seop Cheon, Jee-Young Lee, Hwan-Hee Lee, A-Ra Cho, Ga-Ram Whang, Shin-Hu Kang, Ji-Hyeon Oh, Hyun-A Jin
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• Semantic Network Analysis of Online News and Social Media Text Related to Comprehensive Nursing Care Service
  Minji Kim, Mona Choi, Yoosik Youm
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2017; 47(6): 806.     CrossRef
• The relationship between the character, interpersonal relations, and adjustment to a college life of nursing students
  Sunsook Sim, Miran Bang
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(12): 634.     CrossRef
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  Eliza Lee, Sung Sook Chang
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PURPOSE
The study was done to verify the effect size of the variables related to the emotional labor of nurses.
METHODS
A total of 47 article on variables related to the emotional labor of nurses and published from 2006 to 2014 were used for the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Variables with the largest effect size related to emotional labor were identified as the variables of work task, organization and individual characteristics in descending order of effect size. The sub-factors with the greatest effect size in the work task variable were exhaustion and work commitment, while for organization variables, intention to change jobs had the largest effect size. For individual characteristics, physical symptoms had the largest effect size.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study are meaningful as the first study to integrate research results on variables related to the emotional labor of Korean nurses, providing practical data for the management of emotional labor.

Citations

• The Effect of Workplace Violence on Emotional Labor and Turnover Intention of Emergency Service Employees: A Model Study
  Esra Bekircan, Mustafa Sabak, Tufan Alatli, Fatma Boğan, Emine Aykol, Mustafa Boğan
  Journal of Emergency Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Relationships among supervisor support, autonomy, job satisfaction and emotional labor on nurses within the Turkey context of healthcare services
  Sabiha Sevinç Altaş, Hülya Gündüz Çekmecelioğlu, Gönül Konakay, Murat Günsel
  Frontiers in Psychology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• “Acting often and everywhere:” Teachers’ emotional labor across professional interactions and responsibilities
  Elizabeth Levine Brown, Kristabel Stark, Colleen Vesely, Jihyae Choe
  Teaching and Teacher Education.2023; 132: 104227.     CrossRef
• Unlocking the benefits of diversity among healthcare workforces: a holistic view
  Matthew B. Perrigino, Marjorie Jenkins
  Journal of Health Organization and Management.2023; 37(2): 177.     CrossRef
• GÜVENLİK GÜÇLERİNİN PERFORMANSINDA DUYGUSAL EMEĞİN ETKİSİ: KAVRAM VE LİTERATÜR ODAKLI BİR İNCELEME
  Murat Sağbaş, İbrahim Yıkılmaz
  SAVSAD Savunma ve Savaş Araştırmaları Dergisi.2022; 32(1): 67.     CrossRef
• Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences in the Nurses' Emotional Labour Scale
  Sun-Hee KIM, Eunkyung LEE, Jin-Hwa PARK
  Journal of Nursing Research.2022; 30(6): e239.     CrossRef
• Variables Associated with Self-Compassion among Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Bokeung Peun, Heeseung Choi
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• Güvenlik Güçlerinin Performansında Duygusal Emeğin Etkisi: Kavram Ve Literatür Odaklı Bir İnceleme
  Murat Sağbaş, İbrahim Yıkılmaz
  SAVSAD Savunma ve Savaş Araştırmaları Dergisi.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of the Violence Experience and Emotional Labor on Burnout among Tertiary Hospital Nurses
  Su Hyang Kim, Yoon Goo Noh
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(4): 290.     CrossRef
• Developing a structural equation model from Grandey's emotional regulation model to measure nurses' emotional labor, job satisfaction, and job performance
  Won Ju Hwang, Eun Hee Park
  Applied Nursing Research.2022; 64: 151557.     CrossRef
• Experiences of gynecologic oncology nurses regarding caring behaviors: a hermeneutic phenomenological study
  İlkay Boz, Gamze Teskereci
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• Effects of exposure to endocrine disruptors, burnout, and social support from peers on premenstrual syndrome in nurses
  Hye Young Chang, SoMi Park
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2020; 26(2): 171.     CrossRef
• Resilience as a Moderator and Mediator of the Relationship between and Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction among Nurses working in ICUs
  Mi Lim Byeon, Yun Mi Lee, Hyo jin Park
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• Psychometric Properties of Korean version of Nurse Emotional Labor Strategy Scale (K-NELSS)
  Heejung Choi, Miyeon Kim
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• Development of Emotional Labor Measurement Tool for Hospital Nurses
  Hye Ri Nam, Ji Yun Lee
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• Influences of Burnout, Emotional labor, and Positive Psychological Capital on Job Satisfaction of Nurses
  Soo Young Jun
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• Meta Analysis of Variables related to Emotional Labor of Hospital Nurses
  Jong Kyung Kim, Jung-Hee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2016; 23(2): 115.     CrossRef
• The mediating effect of emotional intelligence between emotional labour, job stress, burnout and nurses' turnover intention
  Eunyoung Hong, Young Sook Lee
  International Journal of Nursing Practice.2016; 22(6): 625.     CrossRef
• Relationship among Emotional Labor, Burnout, Social Support and Turnover Intention of Nurse Practitioners in terms of Interdisciplinary Perspectives
  Ji-Young Kim
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2016; 14(8): 331.     CrossRef
• Perceived Emotional Labor of Clinical Nurse from the Persons Concerned
  Ji-hyun Back, Myung Hee Kim, Sungmin Kim
  Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(3): 148.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Mind Map for Emotional Labor and Burnout: A Survey of Nurses in Outpatient Departments of Cancer Hospitals
  Jin A Lee, Seok Won Park, Kyeong Ji Kim, Hyun Ok Paik, Eunyoung Jeon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2015; 21(5): 511.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore ways to define the concept of health inequality.
METHODS
The concept analysis process by Walker and Avant was used to clarify the meaning of health inequality.
RESULTS
Defining attributes of health inequality included differences in health status between individuals or groups, infringement of fundamental rights to health, unfair use of medical services, and social discrimination. The antecedents of health inequality included differences in demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, occupation, residential location), limitations in accessibility to health care, and social exclusion. Consequences of health inequality were increased costs for medical care, decreased health-related quality of life, and lack of ability to cope with health problems resulting in crisis situations, increases in morbidity and mortality, and shortening of life span. The concept was clarified through presentation of model, borderline, related, and contrary cases.
CONCLUSION
Results of this study can be used to guide the direction of future studies through concept analysis in which conceptual attributes in the context of health inequality are examined. Also, based on the result of this study, development of standardized tools to measure health inequality is recommended as well as development of educational programs to reduce health inequalities.

Citations

• The moderating effect of health inequality in the relationship between income and relative leisure deprivation among baby boomers
  Yu-Jin Lee, Hyang-Hee Hwang, Bo-Ram Kim
  Korean Journal of Lesure, Recreation & Park.2024; 48(1): 31.     CrossRef
• Anxiety, Nursing Satisfaction Level, and Experience of Users of The General Health Checkup Center: A Mixed Methods Study
  Eun Kook Kim, Hyejin Hyun, Yeon Jeong Heo
  Journal of Korean Association for Qualitative Research.2024; 9(3): 242.     CrossRef
• Moderating effect of social support on the impact of income on postpartum depression: Focusing on maternal health inequalities
  Insun Choi, So-Young Lee
  Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2023; 40(3): 25.     CrossRef
• Individual and Regional Determinants to the Chronic Diseases in Seoul
  Seo Young Yu, Donghyun Kim
  Journal of Korea Planning Association.2023; 58(7): 39.     CrossRef
• Regional Health Disparities between Mortality Rates in Three Leading Causes of Death : A Comparative Study of Spatial Dependence in Local Death Rate between Cancer, Heart Disease, and Pneumonia
  Hee-Jung Jun, SeungYeoup Kang
  Journal of Korea Planning Association.2023; 58(2): 38.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Occupational Stress among Occupational Groups Related to Healthcare Accreditation on Turnover Intention
  So-Hee Nam, Yeon-Jeong Heo
  Quality Improvement in Health Care.2022; 28(1): 55.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Major Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Korea in Preparation for a Super-Aged Society
  Bo-Ram Kim, Hyang-Hee Hwang
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(15): 9618.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Unmet Healthcare Needs among Older Korean Women
  Jung A. Choi, Oksoo Kim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(13): 6862.     CrossRef
• Healthcare Safety Nets during the COVID-19 Pandemic Based on Double Diamond Model: A Concept Analysis
  Bom-Mi Park, Hyun-Jung Lee
  Healthcare.2021; 9(8): 1014.     CrossRef
• Spatial Distribution of Local Health Inequities : An Analysis of Local Mortality
  Hee-Jung Jun, Seung-Yeoup Kang
  Journal of Korea Planning Association.2021; 56(5): 228.     CrossRef
• An Exploratory Study of Health Inequality Discourse Using Korean Newspaper Articles: A Topic Modeling Approach
  Jin-Hwan Kim
  Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2019; 52(6): 384.     CrossRef
• Social Disparities in Utilization of Preventive Health Services among Korean Women Aged 40-64
  Hyun Hee Park, In Ae Chun, So Yeon Ryu, Jong Park, Mi Ah Han, Sung Woo Chio, Jun Ho Shin
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2016; 41(4): 369.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between cost and revenue for inpatient nursing activities in general wards.
METHODS
Data were collected from 12 medical-surgical wards in one general hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2010. The nursing activities were categorized into 2 groups according to nursing service payment type in terms of the Korea health insurance system. Descriptive statistics were used to identify nursing activities and nursing activity costs.
RESULTS
Of 140 nursing activities identified as performed in general wards, payment for 69 items was included in nursing management fees. The percentage of each cost for the nursing units was 90% for labor, 4% for materials, and 6% for operating expenses. The cost for medical support nursing service accounted for 38% of costs and nursing management fees, 62%. The average profit and loss was -237,257,000 won. The cost recovery rate for nursing service was only 44%.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate a need to measure the economic value of nursing activities performed in general wards and use it as a basis for establishing an adequate reimbursement system for nursing service.

Citations

• An exploratory study of nursing tasks that induce physical and mental stress among hospital nurses
  Younhee Kang, Aekyeong Jin
  Applied Nursing Research.2024; 80: 151853.     CrossRef
• Research Trends Review of Financial Performance in Hospitals
  Wonjung Noh, Ji Young Lim, Gyeong Ae Seomun, Miyoung Kim, Soyoung Yu, Yoomi Jung, Youngjin Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(1): 76.     CrossRef
• A Study on the Status of Application of Health Insurance Fees for Nursing Activities of Nurses in Rehabilitation Unit
  Oon Hee Yee, Sun-Houng Kim, Mihwa Cho, Kyung Hee Moon, Seungyoung Lee
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2021; 24(1): 1.     CrossRef
• The Current and Future State of Academic Medicine in Korea: Education, Research, and Patient Care
  Dae Chul Jeong
  Korean Medical Education Review.2019; 21(2): 73.     CrossRef
• Association of nurse staffing grade and 30-day mortality in intensive care units among cardiovascular disease patients
  Jae-Hyun Kim
  Medicine.2018; 97(42): e12895.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Nurses’ Soothing Behaviors in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Focused on Babies with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
  Yu-Nah Lee, Hyunsook Shin
  Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(4): 494.     CrossRef
• Effect of nurse staffing variation and hospital resource utilization
  Yunmi Kim, Seon‐Ha Kim, Young Ko
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2016; 18(4): 473.     CrossRef